CONFIDENTIAL SUBMISSION

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 1-A/A

 

REGULATION A OFFERING CIRCULAR

UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

(Exact name of issuer as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

(State of other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

10990 Wilshire Blvd.

Suite 1150

Los Angeles, California 90024

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,

including area code of issuer’s principal executive office)

 

J. Nicholson Thomas

General Counsel

aShareX Fine Art, LLC

10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150

Los Angeles, California 90024

(424) 402 8093

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number,

including area code, of agent for service)

 

Copy to:

 

Alison M. Pear, Esq.

Buchalter, A Professional Corporation

805 SW Broadway, Suite 1500

Portland, Oregon 97205

 

 
 

 

An offering statement pursuant to Regulation A relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information contained in this preliminary offering circular is subject to completion or amendment. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted before the offering statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is qualified. This preliminary offering circular shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor may there be any sales of these securities in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful before registration or qualification under the laws of any such state. We may elect to satisfy our obligation to deliver a final offering circular by sending you a notice within two business days after the completion of our sale to you that contains the URL where the offering circular may be obtained.

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

 

(A Delaware Series Limited Liability Company)

 

Preliminary Offering Circular

March 17, 2023

Subject to Completion 

 

Best Efforts Offering of Class A Shares

Representing Class A Limited Liability Company Membership Interests

 

aShareX Fine Art, LLC (“we” or the “Company”) is a Delaware series limited liability company formed on January 13, 2023, to facilitate factionalized investments in fine art. This Offering Circular relates to the offer and sale on a best efforts basis of Class A membership interests (“Class A Shares”) of each series (each a “Series” and collectively, the “Series” as the context may require) of the Company as set forth in the Series Offering Table included as Appendix B. The Company intends to make subsequent offerings of Class A Shares in newly established Series of the Company to acquire additional fine art. See “Description of Shares” for additional information regarding the Class A Shares.

 

Each Series established by the Company will own museum quality, investment grade art (the “Artwork”). The Artwork will be identified by the Company from collections being sold through auctions (each, an “Auction”) to be conducted by established and highly reputable auction houses (each, an “Auction House”) or by the Company itself.   The Series Offering Table also identifies the Artwork associated with each Series. Potential investors who are pre-registered and qualified with the Company on its proprietary investor platform (the “Investor Platform”) will bid as an individual or a group to acquire the Artwork at an Auction through the Company’s proprietary, online bidding platform (the “Auction Platform”).    Each potential investor may submit a bid to acquire a fractional interest in the Artwork or to acquire entire ownership.    See “Description of Business – Auction Platform” for a more detailed explanation of the Auction.  If the fractional bidders as a group (each, a “Fractional Bidder”) submit the winning bid in the Auction, they will be issued Class A Shares in the Series associated with the Artwork in proportion to their fractional bids upon the closing of the Offering for such Series.  Such Class A Shares represent, indirectly, a fractionalized ownership in the underlying Artwork.  The price of each Class A Share will be equal to the amount of the price of the Artwork represented by the winning bid (known as the “Hammer Price”), the standard fee paid to the Auction House known as the “Buyer’s Premium,” sales or similar taxes incurred on the purchase, and the Sourcing Fee (collectively, the “Acquisition Cost”), divided by the number of Class A Shares issued by the Company for the Series.

     

The Company has engaged Dalmore Group, LLC, member FINRA/SIPC (“Dalmore”), to act as the broker-dealer of record in connection with this Offering, but not for underwriting or placement agent services. This includes the 1% commission, but it does not include the one-time set-up fee and consulting fee payable by the Company to Dalmore. See “Plan of Distribution” for more details. To the extent that the Company’s officers and directors make any communications in connection with the Offering they intend to conduct such efforts in accordance with an exemption from registration contained in Rule 3a4-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and, therefore, none of them is required to register as a broker-dealer.

   

We do not currently intend to list the Class A Shares for trading on a national securities exchange. Secondary transactions in Class A Shares (the “Secondary Market”) will be facilitated through the Public Private Execution Network Alternative Trading System, or PPEX ATS (the “Trading Platform”). When trading through the Trading Platform, Investors will submit bid and ask quotes on the Investor Platform to purchase or sell Class A Shares, with any transactions to be executed by the executing broker-dealer through the non-discretionary matching procedure established by the Trading Platform.

 

2

 

The Company and each Series is managed by aShareX Holdings, LLC (the “Managing Member”), a Delaware limited liability company wholly owned by aShareX, Inc. (“aShareX”). The Managing Member, either directly or through its affiliate aShareX Management, LLC (“Asset Manager”), will provide each Series with routine operational, administrative, management, advisory, consulting and other services with respect to their respective operations and routine services related to the Artwork, including authentication and valuation services, storage, transportation and insurance. The Managing Member will also provide extraordinary services such as positioning the Artwork for sale, obtaining appraisals, and conversation or restoration work appropriate to increase the value of the Artwork. For more information about the services provided by our Managing Member and our Asset Manager, see “Management” below.

 

The holders of the Class A Shares in a Series (the “Class A Members”), by a majority vote of those voting, control whether the associated Artwork is to be sold prior to the seventh anniversary of its acquisition. The Class A Members will be asked to vote on selling the Artwork in the sixth and seventh years following its acquisition, and the Company may solicit their approval prior to such time if a materially compelling offer presents itself. During the eighth year following the Artwork’s acquisition date, the Managing Member must sell the Artwork using commercially reasonable efforts to achieve a favorable price and terms. Any sale must be for cash and the Managing Member intends to distribute the resulting net proceeds promptly following the sale. The Managing Member may, in its discretion, form an investor group to bid on the Artwork should it be sold through a public Auction, provided the Managing Member and its affiliates will not participate in the bidding.

 

In sum, the aShareX innovative approach and proprietary technology allows potential investors to participate in heretofore cost-prohibitive fine art purchases by (i) providing rarely available, fact based knowledge concerning the Artwork, including initial and periodic third party appraisals, (ii) enabling an Investor to participate directly in the purchase without expensive middlemen and with real-time, market based, competitive pricing, (iii) providing the Investor with a low-cost liquidity alternative to an investment that is otherwise illiquid, (iv) allowing the Investor to benefit from the experience, expertise and sourcing capabilities of the aShareX principals and its advisory board (the “Advisory Board”), (v) enabling the Investor group to cause the Artwork to be sold in either the sixth or seventh years following its acquisition, and (vi) assuring the Investor of an exit event no later than the eighth anniversary of the Acquisition Date.

 

In addition to the foregoing, an investment in the Series offers attractive tax benefits. Subject to the more detailed discussion in “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations,” under current tax law, a sale of the Artwork and a distribution of the resulting proceeds should not be subject to an entity level tax. Taxable gain recognized in such transaction by Investors subject to U.S. tax who own less than ten percent (10%) of the Class A shares and who have timely filed a “QEF election” with the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), should be subject to tax at preferable long-term capital gain rates of a maximum 31.8% for individuals, trusts and estates, and if their Class A shares are sold prior to the sale of the Artwork, the tax rate should be reduced to a maximum of 23.8%. Non-U.S. Investors and tax-exempt investors will generally not be subject to tax on the gain recognized on the sale of the Artwork or upon an earlier sale of their Class A Shares.

 

 A potential investor may not submit a bid in the Auction until this Offering Circular has been qualified by the SEC and the investor has executed an Auction Agreement (available for review on the Investor Platform) confirming, among other matters, (i) its status as a “qualified purchaser” (as defined below), (ii) it has read and understands this Offering Circular and its exhibits, including the Company’s Limited Liability Company Agreement (the “Operating Agreement) and the bidding rules for the Auction, and (iii) its commitment to fund the portion of the winning bid it submits utilizing the Auction Platform.

 

We do not anticipate that any Series will own any assets other than interests of the segregated portfolio holding the underlying Artwork associated with such Series. The Series will be the sole owner of such segregated portfolio. The Investors in a particular Series are not expected to receive any economic benefit from the assets of, or be subject to the liabilities of, any other Series established by the Company. The interests of all Series described above may collectively be referred to herein as the “Class A Shares” and the offerings of the Class A Shares may collectively be referred to herein as the “Offerings.” See “Description of Shares” for additional information regarding the Class A Shares.

 

3

 

There will be a separate closing with respect to each Offering with respect to a Series (each, a “Closing”). The closing of an Offering will occur on the date determined by the Managing Member in its sole discretion, but is expected to occur within 35 days of the Auction for the particular Artwork. Each Offering is being conducted on a “best efforts” basis pursuant to Regulation A of Section 3(6) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended ( the “Securities Act”), for Tier 2 offerings. The subscription funds advanced by prospective investors as part of the subscription process will be held in a non-interest bearing, segregated escrow account with the escrow agent engaged by the Company (the “Escrow Agent”) and will not be commingled with the monies of the Escrow Agent or any other Series. If a Closing does not occur, the funds will be returned to the investors without interest. The Managing Member will pay for all costs associated with an unsuccessful Offering (other than costs personally incurred by the potential investors for legal, investment or tax advice and credit card or wire fees incurred by the investors in transmitting their funds).

  

 

 

Price

to public1

 

 

Underwriting

discount and

commissions2

 

 

Proceeds

to Issuer2

 

aShareX Fine Art Series ___, SP

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Per Interest

 

$

9.60 - 12.00

 

 

$

0.096 - 0.12

 

 

$

9.60 - $12.00

 

Total Minimum (1,000,000 Class A Shares)

 

$

9,600,000

 

 

$

96,000

 

 

$

9,600,000

 

Total Maximum (1,000,000 Class A Shares)

 

$

12,000,000

 

 

$

120,000

 

 

$

12,000,000

 

     

 

(1)

Price range included here is for example purposes only. Actual price range will be included by amendment, once the actual Artwork to be included for the initial Series is identified.

 

 

 

 

(2)

The Company has engaged Dalmore Group, LLC, member FINRA/SIPC (“Dalmore”), to act as the broker-dealer of record in connection with this Offering, but not for underwriting or placement agent services. This includes the 1% commission, but it does not include the one-time set-up fee and consulting fee payable by the Company to Dalmore. See “Plan of Distribution” for more details. To the extent that the Company’s officers and directors make any communications in connection with the Offering they intend to conduct such efforts in accordance with an exemption from registration contained in Rule 3a4-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and, therefore, none of them is required to register as a broker-dealer. The fees and associated expenses of Dalmore will be paid by the Managing Member and will not be directly deducted from proceeds. The Class A Shares of each Series will be represented by unregistered certificates held in digital form by Vertalo, Inc., the Company’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”). Each Investor’s Class A Shares will be recorded on the Investor Platform. See “Plan of Distribution” below for further details.

 

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or the JOBS Act, and, as such, may elect to comply with certain reduced reporting requirements for this Offering Circular and future filings after completion of the Offerings.

 

An investment in the Class A Shares involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” on page 16 for a description of some of the risks that should be considered before investing in the shares.

 

Generally, no sale may be made to you in any Offering if you are not an “accredited investor” and the aggregate purchase price you pay is more than 10% of the greater of your annual income or your net worth. Different rules apply to non-natural persons. Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to refer to www.investor.gov.

 

THE SEC DOES NOT PASS UPON THE MERITS OF OR GIVE ITS APPROVAL TO ANY SECURITIES OFFERED OR THE TERMS OF ANY OFFERING, NOR DOES IT PASS UPON THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY OFFERING CIRCULAR OR OTHER SOLICITATION MATERIALS. THESE SECURITIES ARE OFFERED PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION WITH THE SEC; HOWEVER, THE SEC HAS NOT MADE AN INDEPENDENT DETERMINATION THAT THE SECURITIES OFFERED BY THE COMPANY ARE EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION.

 

4

 

WE ARE OFFERING TO SELL, AND SEEKING OFFERS TO BUY, OUR CLASS A SHARES ONLY IN JURISDICTIONS WHERE SUCH OFFERS AND SALES ARE PERMITTED. YOU SHOULD RELY ONLY ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR. WE HAVE NOT AUTHORIZED ANYONE TO PROVIDE YOU WITH ANY INFORMATION OTHER THAN THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR IS ACCURATE ONLY AS OF ITS DATE, REGARDLESS OF THE TIME OF ITS DELIVERY OR OF ANY SALE OR DELIVERY OF OUR CLASS A SHARES. NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR NOR ANY SALE OR DELIVERY OF OUR CLASS A SHARE SHALL, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, IMPLY THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE IN THE COMPANY’S AFFAIRS SINCE THE DATE OF THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR. THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR WILL BE UPDATED AND MADE AVAILABLE FOR DELIVERY TO THE EXTENT REQUIRED BY THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS.

 

Our principal office is located at 10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150, Los Angeles, California 90024, and our phone number is (424) 402-8093. Our corporate website address is located at www.asharex.com. Information contained on, or accessible through, the website is not a part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this Offering Circular.

 

This Offering Circular is following the Offering Circular format described in Part II of Form 1-A.

 

The date of this Offering Circular is March 17, 2023.

  

5

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

Pages

 

THIRD PARTY DATA

 

8

 

TRADEMARKS AND COPYRIGHTS

 

8

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

8

 

STATE LAW EXEMPTION AND PURCHASE RESTRICTIONS

 

9

 

USE OF CERTAIN TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

 

9

 

SERIES OFFERING TABLE

 

9

 

SUMMARY

 

9

 

THE COMPANY

 

9

 

THE OFFERING

 

12

 

DISTRIBUTION POLICY

 

16

 

RISK FACTORS

 

16

 

DILUTION

 

30

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

31

 

USE OF PROCEEDS TO ISSUER

 

36

 

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

36

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

47

 

MANAGEMENT

 

49

 

MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION

 

55

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN SECURITYHOLDERS

 

57

 

DESCRIPTION OF SHARES

 

58

 

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

 

64

 

MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS

 

64

 

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS

 

72

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

73

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

73

 

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

We have not authorized anyone to provide any information other than that contained, or incorporated by reference, in this Offering Circular. We do not take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This Offering Circular is an offer to sell only the Class A Shares offered hereby but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this Offering Circular is current only as of its date, regardless of the time of delivery of this Offering Circular or any sale of Class A Shares.

 

For investors outside the United States: We have not taken any action that would permit this Offering or possession or distribution of this Offering Circular in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than the United States. You are required to inform yourselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to the Offering and the distribution of this Offering Circular.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

THIRD PARTY DATA

 

Certain data included in this Offering Circular is derived from information provided by third parties that we believe to be reliable. The discussions contained in this Offering Circular relating to the Artwork, the artist and the art market and industry are taken from third-party sources that the Company believes to be reliable and reasonable, and that the factual information is fair and accurate. Certain data is also based on our good faith estimates which are derived from management’s knowledge of the industry and independent sources. Industry publications, surveys and forecasts generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but there can be no assurance as to the accuracy or completeness of included information. We have not independently verified such third-party information, nor have we ascertained the underlying economic assumptions relied upon therein. The statistical data relating to the art market is difficult to obtain, may be incomplete, out-of-date, or inconsistent and you should not place undue reliance on any statistical or general information related to the art market included in this Offering Circular. The art market data used in this Offering Circular involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such data. While we are not aware of any material misstatements regarding any market, industry or similar data presented herein, such data was derived from third party sources and reliance on such data involves risks and uncertainties.

 

TRADEMARKS AND COPYRIGHTS

 

aShareX, the sole member of the Managing Member, owns or has applied for rights to trademarks or trade names that we use or intend to use in connection with the operation of our business, including our names, logos and website names. In addition, aShareX owns or has the rights to patent applications, copyrights, trade secrets and other proprietary rights that protect the intellectual property used in our business, including the Investor Platform and Auction Platform. We have the right to use such trademarks, trade names and other intellectual property rights under royalty free, non-exclusive licenses granted by aShareX. This Offering Circular may also contain trademarks, service marks and trade names of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. Our use or display of third parties’ trademarks, service marks, trade names or products in this Offering Circular is not intended to, and should not be read to, imply a relationship with or endorsement or sponsorship of us. Solely for convenience, some of the copyrights, trade names and trademarks referred to in this Offering Circular are listed without their ©, ® and ™ symbols, but we will assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to our copyrights, trade names and trademarks. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This Offering Circular contains certain forward-looking statements that are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “potential,” “plan,” “intend,” “expect,” “outlook,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximately,” “believe,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” or other similar words or expressions. Forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions, discuss future expectations, describe future plans and strategies, or state other forward-looking information. Our ability to predict future events, actions, plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, actual outcomes could differ materially from those set forth or anticipated in our forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause our forward-looking statements to differ from actual outcomes include, but are not limited to, those described under the heading “Risk Factors.” Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements, which reflect our views as of the date of this offering circular. Furthermore, except as required by law, we are under no duty to, and do not intend to, update any of our forward-looking statements after the date of this offering circular, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

 
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Table of Contents

 

STATE LAW EXEMPTION AND PURCHASE RESTRICTIONS

 

Potential investors utilizing our Auction Platform to bid on the Artwork, and subscribing to the Class A Shares pursuant to this Offering, must be Qualified Purchasers. “Qualified Purchasers” generally consist of Accredited Investors and all other investors so long as their investment in the Class A Shares does not represent more than 10% of the greater of their annual income or net worth (for natural persons), or 10% of the greater of annual revenue or net assets at fiscal year-end (for non-natural persons). Benefit Plan Investors in the aggregate may not purchase more than 24.9% of the Class A Shares in any Series, and it may not purchase any Class A Shares in a Series sold in the Secondary Market. A “Benefit Plan Investor” means (a) any “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) any “plan” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code) that is subject to Section 4975 of the Code, (c) any entity that is deemed to hold plan assets of any plan described in (a) or (b) by virtue such plan’s investment in that entity.

 

As a Tier 2 offering pursuant to Regulation A, this Offering is exempt from state law “Blue Sky” review, subject to meeting certain state filing requirements and complying with certain anti-fraud provisions, to the extent that our Class A Shares offered hereby are offered and sold only to Qualified Purchasers or at a time when the Class A Shares are listed on a national securities exchange. Accordingly, we reserve the right to reject any potential investor’s subscription in whole or in part for any reason, including if we determine in our sole and absolute discretion that such potential investor is not a Qualified Purchaser or its subscription exceeds its investment limitations for purposes of Regulation A.

 

USE OF CERTAIN TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

 

Throughout this Offering Circular, we will use certain defined terms. While these terms will generally be defined in context, for convenience, these terms will also be contained in a “Glossary” attached as Appendix A.

 

SERIES OFFERING TABLE

 

Key information related to the Offering of Class A Shares for each Series is set forth in Appendix B. Please also refer to “Artwork” and “Use of Proceeds” for further details.

 

SUMMARY

 

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this Offering Circular. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in the Class A Shares. You should read this entire Offering Circular carefully, especially the risks of investing in the Class A Shares discussed under “Risk Factors,” before making an investment decision.

 

THE COMPANY

 

Formation and Overview

 

We were formed as a Delaware series limited liability company on January 13, 2023 to facilitate an investment in museum quality, blue chip, fine art by allowing Investors to potentially acquire a fractional interest in the artwork through use of our proprietary Auction Platform, which is described in greater detail under “Description of Business- Auction Platform” below.

 

If the investors are the successful bidder as a group at the Auction, the Series we establish will use the funds received from issuing its Class A Shares to such Investors to purchase the Artwork. Title to the Artwork will be held by a segregated portfolio (each an “SP”) established for such purpose by the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, aShareX Fine Art, SPC, a Cayman Islands segregated portfolio company (“Cayman”). Each Series’ sole asset will consist of its ownership of the SP, and the SP’s sole asset will be the Artwork. The Artwork itself will be insured and stored in the United States. Neither the Company nor Cayman are anticipated to use borrowings or leverage to purchase or hold the Artwork or to incur any material indebtedness, except in extraordinary circumstances as described in greater detail under “Management-Asset Management-Funding and Reimbursement of Expenses” below.

 

 
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The Artwork for each Series will be held for appreciation and will be sold prior to the eighth year following its acquisition if approved by a majority vote of those Class A Shares of that Series entitled to vote on such matter (“Majority Vote”), or in the eighth year if it has not been previously sold. No material revenues or profits are expected to be realized, and no distributions are anticipated to be made, prior to the sale. Promptly following the sale of the Artwork, the Net Sales Proceeds (as defined below under “Distributions Policy”) from the sale shall be distributed to the holders of the Class A and B Shares of the associated Series in proportion to their respective interests. The Class B Shares, if not previously converted to Class A Shares, will receive distributions equal to 10% of the amount by which the Artwork appreciated over its Purchase Price (as described in greater detail under “Description of Business – Art Market – Auction Sales”), and the remaining distributions will be distributed pro rata to the holders of the Class A Shares. All of the Class B Shares will be held by the Managing Member. Accordingly, if there is no appreciation in the value of the Artwork from its Purchase Price, all of the distributions will be made to the holders of the Class A Shares (the “Class A Members”). There can be no assurance that the Artwork will appreciate in value or that there will be significant or any distributions to be made to the Class A Members. Distributions to the Members are discussed in greater detail under “Description of Shares” below.

 

Related Parties

 

aShareX Inc. (“aShareX”) is the parent of the Managing Member and Asset Manager, as described below. Its core business is to enable investors and collectors to bid on and own, through fractionalized interests, previously unattainable artwork, jewelry, vintage automobiles and other collectibles with enduring value, thereby bringing a new market of buyers to high end art. aShareX is essentially comprised of two functional exchanges – the Auction Platform, an auction-based primary market to bid on interests which indirectly represent a fractionalized share of Artwork, and the Trading Platform, a match-based secondary market for ongoing investor-controlled liquidity--both of which are licensed for use by the Company on a royalty-free basis. Pursuant to the terms of a License Agreement attached as an Exhibit to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular is an integral party, aShareX will license to the Company, each Series and SP a non-exclusive, royalty free, worldwide right to utilize the aShareX trademarks and intellectual property rights associated with use of the Investor Platform and the Auction Platform.

 

aShareX Holdings, LLC (“Managing Member”) is a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of aShareX. It is the Managing Member of the Company and each Series, and, in such capacity, it will control all activities of the Series and its SP. The Managing Member acts through its Board of Directors currently comprised of three individuals, Alan Snyder, Eric Arinsburg and Nick Thomas. See “Management” below for more details. They will also serve as the initial members of Cayman’s Board of Directors. The Managing Member, either directly or through the Asset Manager, will (i) provide factual information concerning each Artwork, including its history and provenance, (ii) obtain annual third party valuations of the Artwork as part of the Company’s securities filings, (iii) oversee the Auction process to facilitate the purchase of the Artwork, (iv) provide strategic oversight to the Company to best position the Artwork for appreciation and eventual sale, (v) negotiate and transact the sales terms for the Artwork, and (vi) following such sale, attend to the distribution of the Net Sales Proceeds and liquidation of the Series and the SP. In the event Extraordinary Expenses are incurred (see discussion below under “Management-Asset Management-Funding and Reimbursement of Expenses”), the Managing Member shall use commercially reasonable efforts to find financing to pay for such expenses or it may elect to fund the Extraordinary Expenses itself by way of a loan bearing interest at the prime rate of interest published by the Wall Street Journal (“Prime Rate”) at the time the loan is funded plus two percentage points. The Managing Member will be issued 1,000 Class B Shares by each Series in exchange for its funding the fees and other expenses payable to Dalmore (or any successor broker subsequently appointed by the Managing Member, the “Broker”) for each successful Offering or the costs and expenses incurred in connection with any failed Offering.

 

aShareX Management, LLC (the “Asset Manager”) is a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of aShareX. Asset Manager will attend to all of the day-to-day administrative and asset management functions associated with holding and preserving the Artwork, including storage, security, transportation and insurance and the day to day costs of operating each Series and SP. The Asset Manager may exhibit or display the Artwork with museums, galleries or private parties to enhance its value. The Asset Manager will be paid by the Investors in each Series a sourcing fee equal to four percent (4%) of the Purchase Price of the Artwork acquired by such Series (the “Sourcing Fee”). The Asset Manager will then use the Sourcing Fee to pay for all Offering Expenses (other than the fees and other expenses payable to the Broker (“Broker Fees”) paid by the Managing Member) and Operating Expenses of the Series and SP for their day to day operations (including audit, accounting and tax preparation fees, SEC and state registration and filing fees, the costs of insuring, storing and transporting the Artwork) prior to the date the Artwork is sold. The services rendered by the Asset Manager and the Offering and Operating Expenses it is obligated to fund are discussed in greater detail under “Management – Asset Manager” below.

  

Alan Snyder Alan Snyder is the founder of aShareX, Inc. and the founder and main principal of Shinnecock Partners, a boutique investment family office. Shinnecock entered the fine art lending space six years ago as part of its specialty lending practice and its business is transacted through a California lender license. The current loan book is approximately $96 million in outstanding financings distributed across 33 loans against art appraised for $260 million comprised of 192 pieces of artwork with an average value of $1.4 million. The artwork and borrowers receive a detailed due diligence and underwriting, including valuations and examination of authenticity and provenance. Most loans are for a duration of one year and thus are a form of inventory finance for major dealers and gallerists. The artwork is subject to UCC filings, storage in vetted art warehouses under the lender’s control, and insured. The art is all museum quality, for example, Picasso, Sargent, Rothko, Botero, Condo, Fontana and Titian. Mr. Snyder and his executive team intend to apply these same principles to the acquisition and holding of the Artwork by the Company and each of its Series.

 

 
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Organizational Structure

 

The following diagram reflects the planned organizational structure and the material relationships between the Company, each aShareX entity and each affiliate of the Series that will exist following the Offering:

 

 

 

 

 

*All entities are Delaware limited liability companies, except aShareX, Inc. which is a Delaware corporation, and aShareX Fine Art, SPC which is a Cayman Islands segregated portfolio company.

 

Further Information

 

For additional information, our principal office is located at 10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150, Los Angeles, California 90024, and our phone number is (424) 402-8093. Our corporate website address is at www.asharex.com. Information contained on, or accessible through, the website is not a part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this Offering Circular.

 

 
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THE OFFERING

 

Securities Offered

 

We will be offering Class A Shares in each Series on a “best efforts” basis. Investors in the Class A Shares will become members of the Series. In the event an issuance would result in an Investor holding a fractional number of Class A Shares, the number of Class A Shares to be received by such holder will be rounded up or down to the nearest whole Class A Share, and the Investor’s purchase price for the Class A Shares will be appropriately adjusted.

 

Offering Price per Class A Share

 

The Company will set an estimated price range for the Class A Shares of each Series in its Preliminary Offering Circular in the Series Offering Table. This estimated price range will be used to launch the Offering as soon as possible after qualification. The exact price will be set in an Auction held by the Company and utilizing the Company’s proprietary, online bidding platform (the “Auction Platform”). The Company anticipates that the Auction for each Series will be held within 60 days of the Offering for the Series being qualified. The price of each Class A Share will be equal to the amount of the price of the Artwork represented by the winning bid (known as the “Hammer Price”), the standard fee paid to the Auction House (known as the “Buyer’s Premium”), sales or similar taxes incurred on the purchase, and the Sourcing Fee (collectively, the “Acquisition Cost”), divided by the number of Class A Shares issued by the Company for the Series. The Auction process is described in greater detail under “Description of Business – Auction Platform” below.

 

Investor Platform

 

aShareX owns, and has licensed to the Company on a royalty free basis, a web browser-based investment platform located at https://www.asharex.com (the “Investor Platform”). Once an Investor establishes a user profile on the Investor Platform, it can browse and screen potential art investments, be informed as to their history, provenance and appraised value, view details of its investment and sign contractual documents online, such as the Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreements. Investors can also post bid or ask requests concerning the potential trade of their Class A Shares.

 

Use of Proceeds

 

The gross proceeds from each Offering will be used exclusively to fund the Acquisition Cost of the Artwork, including the Sourcing Fee.

 

Artwork

 

The Artwork to be held will be identified by the Company from Artwork that is being sold through an auction (the “Auction”) to be conducted by an Auction House or by the Managing Member itself through fine art it has sourced and has available on consignment. If the Artwork is purchased through a third party Auction House, it will be pursuant to such Auction House’s standard terms and conditions for such purchase. The specific Artwork associated with each Series will be described in an Appendix of this Offering Circular as identified in the Series Offering Table. We do not anticipate that any Series will own any assets other than interests of the segregated portfolio holding the underlying Artwork associated with such Series. The Series will be the sole owner of such segregated portfolio.

 

Capitalization and Outstanding Securities

 

The Company’s Operating Agreement as it relates to each Series provides for two classes of equity: Class A Shares and Class B Shares. There will be no Class A Shares outstanding prior to the Offering for such Series.

 

The Managing Member is the sole member of the Company and will initially be the sole member of each Series, holding 1,000 Class B Shares that will be issued to it for paying the Broker Fee upon the Closing of an Offering and for any costs and expenses incurred in connection with any Offering that is not completed. Each Series has no other securities outstanding (or options to acquire same), nor will any other securities be issued other than Class A and B Shares.

 

The Class B Shares in each Series equate in value to 10% of the associated Artwork’s appreciation in value over its Purchase Price. If there is no increase in the value of the Artwork from its Purchase Price, the Class B Shares will have no value and the entire amount of Net Sales Proceeds distributable upon the sale of the Artwork will be distributed solely to the Class A Members.

 

The Class B Shares in each Series are convertible into the Series’ Class A Shares prior to the sale of the Artwork pursuant to a formula set forth in the Operating Agreement. The Class A Shares issued to the Managing Member in such conversion, assuming conversion of all of the Class B Shares, are intended to approximate 10% of the appreciation between the current market price of the Class A Shares at the time of conversion and their aggregate offering price.

 

Minimum and Maximum Investment Amount

 

The minimum investment in each Series is $5,000. Some Investors may have a maximum investment limit imposed at the time of the Auction based on their net worth or liquidity. Benefit Plan Investors may not acquire in the aggregate more than 24.9% of the Class A Shares in any Series. Investors that are not “accredited investors” as such term is defined under Rule 501(a) of Regulation D (“Accredited Investors”) may not acquire Class A Shares in an Offering that would result in their investment in the Company exceeding 10% of the greater of the individual’s annual income or net worth, or in the case of an entity, 10% of its net income or net worth, in each case as certified by the Investor in its Auction and Subscription Agreements. An Investor who purchases 10% or more of the Class A Shares in an Offering (i) will be subject to certain disclosure requirements in the Company’s SEC filings, and (ii) if it is subject to U.S. taxation, the gain recognized on the sale of the associated Artwork will likely be treated as ordinary income.

 

Subscribing Online

 

Investors can review and execute their Auction Agreements and Subscription Agreement online by accessing the Investor Platform at https://www.asharex.com/.

 

Broker-Dealers

 

Dalmore will act as the broker-dealer in connection with this Offering and in executing trades of the Class A Shares on the Trading Platform. Dalmore is a registered, broker-dealer with the SEC and FINRA and in each state where the Offering will be made.

  

 
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Payment for Class A Shares

 

Investors successfully submitting Winning Bids (as defined below) in an Auction can make payment for their Class A Shares in the form of ACH debit transfer, wire transfer or credit card payment into a segregated non-interest bearing account held by the Escrow Agent. The Company will only accept fiat currency and will not accept any crypto currencies, including Bitcoin and Ethereum. On the Closing of the associated Offering, the funds in the escrow account will be released to acquire the Artwork and the associated Class A Shares will be issued to the Investors. If the Closing does not occur for any reason, any funds deposited in the escrow account will be returned to the subscribers without interest. Investors will be required to reimburse the Company for costs incurred in receiving their funds, such as wire fees or credit card charges.

 

Worldwide

 

While the Class A Shares of each Series will be offered worldwide, the Company may elect not to sell the securities in particular jurisdictions for regulatory or other reasons. No sale of Class A Shares will be made anywhere in the world prior to the qualification of this Offering Circular by the SEC in the United States and FINRA’s issuance of a “No Objections Letter.” All Class A Shares will be offered at the same U.S. dollar price.

 

Voting Rights; Sale of the Artwork

 

The Class A Shares issued by each Series have no voting rights other than to approve (i) amendments to the Operating Agreement that are materially adverse to their interests, (ii) the removal of the Managing Member and Asset Manager for “cause,” or (iii) the sale of the Artwork prior to the eighth year following the date of its acquisition. See “Description of Shares” for more details. The Class A Members of each Series will be asked to vote on selling its Artwork in the sixth and seventh years following the date the Artwork is acquired, and the Managing Member may solicit their approval in its discretion prior to such time if a materially compelling offer to purchase the Artwork is tendered by a third-party. During the eighth year following the date of the Artwork’s acquisition, the Managing Member must sell the Artwork using commercially reasonable efforts to achieve a favorable price and terms.

 

Risk Factors

 

Investing in the Class A Shares involves risks. See the section entitled “Risk Factors” for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in the Class A Shares.

 

Expenses

 

The Managing Member and Asset Manager will pay all of the Offering Expenses associated with each Offering, including the Broker Fee due to Dalmore, and the ongoing Operating Expenses of each Series and its SP. See “Management-Asset Management-Funding and Reimbursement of Expenses” for further details.

 

 
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Closing or Termination

 

A single Closing of each Offering for a particular Series is assumed and will occur on the date determined by Dalmore and the Managing Member once the Investors submitting winning bids (“Winning Bids”) execute their Subscription Agreements, certify they are Qualified Purchasers, and fund to the Escrow Agent a total amount equal to the Acquisition Cost of the Artwork. The Closing shall occur as soon as possible following completion of the Auction and it is intended to occur within the timeframe fixed by the Auction House to acquire the Artwork. It is anticipated that the Closing will generally take place within 35 days of the Auction.

 

The Managing Member reserves the right to terminate an Offering for any reason at any time prior to its Closing, including, for example, because (i) the potential investors submitting Fractional Bids do not win the bid because a single party submitting a 100% Bid wins the Auction, (ii) the Auction fails in that the bids do not exceed the minimum purchase price set by the Seller, or (iii) one or more potential investors who submitted Winning Bids do not timely fund amounts equating to their bids, they are determined not to be “Qualified Purchasers,” or their bids exceed the financial limitations imposed by the Company, and in each case the Managing Member is unable to remedy the funding deficiency through other means.

 

If any of the Class A Shares offered remain unsold, the seller of the Artwork will be asked to either reduce the Purchase Price or accept Class A Shares (assuming the seller is a Qualified Purchaser) for the deficient amount. To the extent there remains a deficient amount, the unsubscribed Class A Shares will be offered (i) first, to the Investors already participating in the Offering, (ii) second, to aShareX, the Managing Member, the Asset Manager and their respective directors, officers and direct and beneficial owners (collectively, the “aShareX Parties”), and (iii) finally, to any other Qualified Purchaser (including an aShareX Party) with preference given to registered Investor Platform users. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the aShareX Parties may purchase Class A Shares in an Offering, and if offered shares pursuant to the procedure outlined in the immediately preceding sentence, they may not purchase more than 10% of the Class A Shares sold in the Offering. If any unsold Class A Shares remain unsold and the deficiency cannot be remedied as set forth above, the Series may not be able to purchase the Artwork and there may not be a Closing. See “Plan of Distribution” for further discussion.

 

If a Closing has not occurred, an Offering shall be terminated upon (i) the date which is one year from the date such Offering Circular or amendment thereof, as applicable, is qualified by the SEC, which period may be extended with respect to a particular series by an additional six months by our Managing Member in its sole discretion, or (ii) any date on which our Managing Member elects to terminate the Offering for a particular Series in its sole discretion. The Company anticipates that the Managing Member will terminate the Offering shortly after the Auction is concluded and the Fractional Bidders have not submitted the winning bid for the Artwork, or if the Fractional Bidders have submitted the winning bid for the Artwork but are unable to complete the purchase of the Artwork within the time frame fixed by the Auction House for any other reason.

 

 
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Transfer Restrictions

 

The Class A Shares may only be transferred by operation of law, with the consent of the Managing Member or:

 

·     To an immediate family member or an affiliate of the transferor,

·     To a trust or other entity for estate or tax planning purposes if the transferor maintains control of the trust or entity,

·     As a charitable gift,

·     On the Trading Platform.

 

An otherwise permitted transfer, to be effective, must be reported to the Managing Member and the Company’s Transfer Agent, and the transferee must have registered on the Investor Platform, passed “know your customer” (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) screening, and executed the documentation required of any transferee.

 

An Investor may pledge its Class A Shares as collateral for a loan, provided that lien is extinguished prior to the transfer of the shares, and the pledgor and lender agree that, if there is a foreclosure on the lien, the lender will notify the Managing Member and Transfer Agent of the transfer, register the lender (or other transferee) on the Investor Platform and execute the documentation required of any transferee.

 

Transfer Agent

 

Vertalo, Inc., an SEC-licensed transfer agent, has been engaged by the Company to act as “Transfer Agent” to register ownership of the Class A Shares for each Series and to record their transfer in the Company’s register for the Series.

 

Distributions

 

The Company does not expect that any Series will generate material revenues or profits until its associated Artwork is sold. At such time, the Net Sales Proceeds will be distributed (i) to the Managing Member in payment of the Class B Shares to the extent of 10% of the Artwork’s appreciation in value over its Purchase Price, and (ii) the balance of the proceeds will be distributed to the Class A Members in proportion to their Class A Shares in the Series. If there is no appreciation in value of the Artwork because the proceeds from the sale are less than the Purchase Price for the Artwork, the Class B Shares will not receive any distributions and they will all be paid to the Class A Members.

 

 
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DISTRIBUTION POLICY

 

We have not declared or paid distributions since our formation and do not anticipate paying distributions for any Series until the associated Artwork is sold. At that point, we will apply the gross proceeds from the sale to pay (i) any loans made to the Company to fund Extraordinary Expenses, (ii) the costs incurred in connection with the sale, (iii) the costs of liquidating the Series and its SP and (iv) the amount, if any, needed to fund a reserve for contingent liabilities (such net proceeds, the “Net Sales Proceeds”). The Net Sales Proceeds (together with any funds subsequently released from reserves will be distributed to the holders of the Class A and B Shares as their interests may appear. There can be no assurance as to the amount or timing of a liquidating distribution (although it is expected to occur by the eighth anniversary of the date of the Artwork’s acquisition). There are no contractual restrictions on our ability to declare or pay distributions. The decision as to the amount and timing of the distributions will be at the discretion of the Managing Member and will depend on our then current financial condition and other relevant factors, but the intent is to distribute the proceeds as quickly as possible following the sale.

 

RISK FACTORS

 

The purchase of the Class A Shares offered hereby involves a high degree of risk. Each prospective investor should consult his, her or its own counsel, accountant and other advisors as to the legal, tax, business, financial, and related aspects of an investment in the securities offered hereby. Prospective investors should carefully consider the following specific risk factors, in addition to the other information set forth in this Offering Circular, before purchasing the securities offered hereby.

 

Risks Related to our Business Model

 

The Company is Newly Formed and our Business Model is Untested.  The Company is a new company that was formed on January 13, 2023 and has no operating history.  We cannot make any assurance that our business model can be successful.  Since inception, the scope of our operations has been limited to our formation.  Our operations will be dedicated to (i) sourcing potential, pre-qualified investors, (ii) engaging them in the auction process, through each Series, to bid as a group to purchase the Artwork associated with a specific Series we establish, (iii) if the bid from the Series is successful, issuing the Class A Shares to the Investors, and (iv) maintaining and preserving the Artwork to facilitate its ultimate sale.  We do not expect any Series to generate any material amount of revenues or cash flow until the Artwork is sold and no profits will be realized by the Investors in such Series unless the Artwork is sold for more than its Acquisition Cost plus any Extraordinary Expenses that may be incurred.  Few companies have issued securities that represent indirect ownership in fine art with the sole goal of realizing appreciation in its value, and none to our knowledge have engaged in such an investment through an on-line bidding process.  It is difficult to predict whether this business model will succeed or if there will ever be any profits realized from an investment in the Class A Shares.

   

We Do Not Expect to Generate any Material Amount of Revenues Until the Artwork is Sold. We do not expect any Series to generate any material amount of revenues or cash flow until the associated Artwork is sold. No profits can be realized by the Investors in such Series unless the Artwork is sold for more than its Acquisition Cost plus any Extraordinary Expenses that may be incurred by the Series.

 

 
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Each Series Will Rely on the Asset Manager to Fund its Operations. We must rely on the Asset Manager to fund any Operating Expenses that exceed the Sourcing Fee and for the Managing Member or another aShareX affiliate to lend funds or find the financing necessary to pay any Extraordinary Expenses, which it has no obligation to do. Accordingly, we will be completely reliant on the Asset Manager and the Managing Member to fund or finance these items, and there is no assurance that they will maintain sufficient liquidity to fund these items.

 

We are Extremely Undiversified since our Strategy is for each Series to Achieve Capital Appreciation from a Single Work of Art. Each Series will be established to facilitate an investment in the individual work of art. The Series will not invest in any other art or assets or conduct any other operations that could generate income. Such lack of diversification creates a concentration risk that may make an investment in the Class A Shares riskier than an investment in a diversified pool of assets or a business with more varied, revenue generating operations. The aggregate returns realized by Investors will correlate to the change in value of the Artwork, which may not correlate to changes in the overall art market or any segment thereof, or in the investment community at large.

 

An Investment in an Offering Constitutes only an Investment in a Particular Series and not in the Company, Another Series or the Underlying Artwork. A purchase of Class A Shares in a Series does not constitute an investment in either the Company, another Series or the underlying Artwork directly. Because the Class A Shares of a Series do not constitute an investment in the Company as a whole, or any other Series, holders of a Class A Shares in a particular Series of interests will not receive any economic benefit from, or be subject to the liabilities of, the assets of the Company or any other Series. In addition, the economic interest of a holder of Class A Shares in a Series will not be identical to owning a direct, undivided interest in the underlying Artwork due to the layer of entity ownership.

 

The Artwork may be Sold at a Loss or at a Price that Results in a Distribution that is below the Purchase Price of the Class A Shares, or no Distribution at all. Any sale of the Artwork by a Series could be effected at an inopportune time, at a loss or at a price that would result in a distribution of cash less than the amount paid by Investors to purchase their Class A Shares in the associated Series. We intend each Series to hold its Artwork for an extended period of time, although the Series will be required to sell the Artwork (i) in the sixth or seventh years following its acquisition date upon approval by Majority Vote, or (ii) in the eighth year following the acquisition date if there has not been a prior sale. Any sale at such times may be less than optimal due to market conditions. Although the value of the Artwork may decline in the future, we have no current intention or economic incentive to cause a Series to sell the Artwork at a loss, but will be required to do so if a sale is required under the conditions set forth in clauses (i) or (ii). We may also be required to sell the Artwork prior to the eighth year following the Artwork’s acquisition date without any vote by the Class A Shares if necessary to pay for Extraordinary Expenses that cannot be funded through loans under reasonable terms or to repay any such loans that mature and cannot be refinanced. In the future, we may recommend that the Class A Members of a Series approve a sale of the Artwork prior to the sixth anniversary of its acquisition date if we consider market conditions opportune, but there is no assurance that such approval will be obtained, or that the Artwork will not decline in value thereafter. Lastly, circumstances may arise that may compel a Series to sell Artwork at an inopportune time and potentially at a loss, such as if it faces litigation, regulatory challenges or Extraordinary Expenses that cannot be financed or funded. There can be no assurance that the Class A Shares or the associated Artwork can be sold at a price that results in proceeds in excess of the amount paid by an Investor for its Class A Shares, or any proceeds at all.

 

The Timing and Potential Price of a Sale of the Artwork are Impossible to Predict, so Investors Need to be Prepared to Own the Class A Shares for an Uncertain or Even Indefinite Period of Time. Each Series intends to hold the Artwork for an indefinite period, though it is the Company’s intention that a sale will occur no later than the eighth anniversary of Artwork’s acquisition, and it will be sold sooner under the conditions set forth in the immediately preceding paragraph. Accordingly, a risk of investing in the Class A Shares is the unpredictability of the date the Artwork will be sold and the amount of funds generated by such sale. Investors should be prepared for the possibility they will not receive a cash distribution for many years and hence they should be prepared to hold their Class A Shares for an indefinite period of time. There can be no assurance that the Class A Shares can be resold or that the Artwork can be sold within any specific timeframe, or at all.

 

 
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Our Business Model Involves the Issuance of Class B Shares and Possibly Class A Shares that may have a Dilutive Effect on the Holders of the Class A Shares

. Each Series will issue Class B Shares to the Managing Member that equate to 10% of the amount by which the Artwork appreciates in value over its Purchase Price. In addition, the Class B Shares can be converted into Class A Shares based on a formula which is intended to represent 10% of the appreciation in the per share price of the Series’ Class A Shares from their Offering Price on the Closing. Moreover, if the Managing Member or a commercial lender makes a loan to a Series to pay for Extraordinary Expenses, the Managing Member may subsequently repay such loans by from proceeds derived through the issuance of additional Class A Shares in the Series. Such transactions may have a dilutive effect on the Series’ Class A Shares depending on the value appreciation in the Class A Shares or the Artwork, as applicable, or the amount of Extraordinary Expenses being funded, and may effectively reduce the tangible book value per Class A Share over time.

 

Your Potential Investment Returns May be Lower than the Actual Appreciation in Value of the Artwork Due to Applicable Commissions and Expenses. The amount funded by Investors to purchase the Artwork associated with a Series will include, in addition to the Hammer Price, a standard Buyer’s Premium paid to the Auction House (as to which the Asset Manager may receive a portion), taxes, and the Sourcing Fee. In addition, the Series may incur commissions, fees and expenses in marketing and selling the Artwork. Transaction costs incurred as part of the sale of the Artwork will differ depending on whether we choose or are able to sell the Artwork privately or through a public auction. In a public auction, the principal transaction costs are a Seller’s Commission and the fact that a buyer may discount the price due to its obligation to pay a Buyer’s Premium. A Seller typically receives the Hammer Price less the Seller’s Commission, if any. The economic terms negotiated between the Seller and the Auction House can vary widely depending on a number of factors, including the value and importance of the specific work, whether the work is sold as an individual piece or part of a larger collection, anticipated demand levels, and other factors. In addition, the proceeds receivable by a Seller are less favorable if the work is subject to a pre-auction guaranty. If we sell the Artwork in a private transaction, there may be sales commissions payable to third parties who arrange for the sale transaction or, if no seller’s agent is engaged in connection with such sale, the Asset Manager may charge a sales commission in connection with such sale. While we believe we may be able to substantially reduce the transaction costs of selling the Artwork, they will not be entirely eliminated. In addition, the Managing Member, as the holder of the Series’ Class B Shares, will be entitled to its 10% of the amount by which the associated Artwork appreciates in value over its Purchase Price. Accordingly, your investment returns upon a sale of the Artwork may be significantly lower than the actual rate of appreciation in the Artwork’s value.

 

Potential Breach of the Security measures of the Investor, Auction or Trading Platforms could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and the Value of your Investment. The highly automated nature of the Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms through which Investors acquire or transfer Class A Shares may make it an attractive target and potentially vulnerable to cyber-attacks, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins or similar disruptions. The Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms process certain confidential information about Investors. While we intend to take commercially reasonable measures to protect our confidential information and maintain appropriate cybersecurity, the security measures of the Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms, the Company, the Managing Member or our service providers could be breached. Any accidental or willful security breaches or other unauthorized access to the Investor, Auction or Trading Platforms could cause confidential information to be stolen and used for criminal purposes or have other harmful effects. Security breaches or unauthorized access to confidential information could also expose us to liability related to the loss of the information, time-consuming and expensive litigation and negative publicity, or loss of the proprietary nature of our intellectual property and trade secrets. If security measures are breached because of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, or if design flaws in the Investor, Auction or Trading Platforms’ software are exposed and exploited, the relationships between the Company and the Investors could be severely damaged, and the Company and other aShareX Parties could incur significant liability or have their attention significantly diverted from utilization of the Artwork, which could have a material negative impact on the value of the Class A Shares or the potential for distributions to be made on the interests. Any costs incurred in any such matter would be considered Extraordinary Expenses of the associated Series.

 

Because techniques used to sabotage or obtain unauthorized access to systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until they are launched against a target, we, the third-party hosting the Investor and Trading Platforms and other third-party service providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. In addition, federal regulators and many federal and state laws and regulations require companies to notify individuals of data security breaches involving their personal data. These mandatory disclosures regarding a security breach are costly to implement and often lead to widespread negative publicity, which may cause Investors or service providers within the industry to lose confidence in the effectiveness of the secure nature of the Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms. Any security breach, whether actual or perceived, would harm our reputation and that of the Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms, and we could lose investors and service providers. This would impair our ability to achieve our objectives.

 

 
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The Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms are highly Technical and may be at Risk of Malfunctioning. The Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms are complex systems with components and highly complex software, and our business is dependent upon the hosts’ or service providers’ ability to prevent system interruptions to operation. The software may now, or in the future, contain undetected errors, bugs or vulnerabilities, which may only be discovered after the code has been released or may never be discovered. Problems with or limitations of the software, misconfigurations of the systems or unintended interactions between systems may cause downtime that would impact the availability of the Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms. These platforms rely on third-party datacenters for operation. If such datacenters fail, users of the platforms may experience downtime. Any errors, bugs, vulnerabilities or sustained or repeated outages could reduce the attractiveness of the Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms to Investors, cause a negative experience for Investors or result in negative publicity and unfavorable media coverage, damage to our reputation, loss of the platform users, loss of revenue, liability for damages, regulatory inquiries or other proceedings, any of which could adversely affect our business and financial results.

 

Our Success Depends in Large Part Upon aShareX and the Ability of its Principals to Execute Our Business Plan. The successful operation of the Company (and therefore, the success of each Series) is in part dependent on the ability of our Managing Member and Asset Manager to source, acquire and manage the underlying Artwork. Both of these entities are only recently formed and will need to rely on the expertise and experience of their parent, aShareX and its directors, officers and principals.

 

There can be no assurance that these individuals will continue to be associated with aShareX and hence the Managing Member and Asset Manager. The loss of the services of one or more of these individuals could have a material adverse effect on the underlying assets, in particular, their ongoing management and use to support the investment of the holders of the series interests.

 

 Risks Associated with an Investment in the Artwork

 

There is no Assurance of Appreciation of the Artwork or Sufficient Cash Distributions Resulting from the Ultimate Sale of the Artwork. There is no assurance that the Artwork will appreciate, maintain its present value, or be sold at a profit. The marketability and value of the Artwork will depend upon many factors beyond our control. There can be no assurance that there will be a ready market for the Artwork, since investment in artwork is generally illiquid, nor is there any assurance that sufficient cash will be generated from the sale of the Artwork to compensate investors for their investment. Even if the Artwork does appreciate in value, the rate of appreciation may be insufficient to cover our selling costs or other Extraordinary Expenses.

 

The Value of the Artwork is Subjective. The value of the Artwork is inherently subjective given its unique character. While the acquisition of the Artwork based on the bidding process engaged in by potential investors armed with knowledge of its history, provenance and appraised value, is intended to represent the best evidence of the Artwork’s current market value, there can be no assurance that this is the case or that the Artwork could be immediately resold for its Purchase Price. The future realizable value of fine artwork may differ widely from its estimated or appraised value for a variety of reasons, many of which are unpredictable and impossible to discern. In addition, the net realizable value to a seller at auction is often significantly lower than the published sale price because the net proceeds are typically reduced by all or a portion of the Buyer’s Premium and there may also be a sales commission. For non-cash generating assets, such as fine art, valuation is heavily reliant on an analysis of sales history of similar artwork. Experts often differ on which historical sales are comparable and the degree of comparability. The attempt to discern value from historical sales data is extremely challenging for a variety of reasons, including, without limitation:

 

 
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·

Qualitative Factors. Differences in perceived quality or condition between the subject work and the so-called “comparable” sale.  Perceived differences in the physical quality and condition of the respective works require subjective judgements as to the valuation impact attributable to such differences. 

 

 

 

 

·

Lack of Reliable Data. Data from non-auction sales, comprising a majority of all sales, is largely unavailable and historical sales data may be inaccurate.  Also, data may be stale or unavailable to the public because comparable works may remain off market for extended periods of time, often for generations.  Even for public auctions, sale prices may be incorrectly reported due to credits for guarantees entered into with buyers (though under current rules in certain jurisdictions, these are required to be deducted from the reported sale price), or other credits provided to potential buyers.

 

 

 

 

·

Idiosyncratic Factors. Idiosyncratic motivations of a buyer or seller may significantly affect the sale price.  These motivations may relate to an emotional attachment to the work, ego, financial, estate or tax planning objectives, the desire to enhance or complete a specific collection objective, perceptions of supply and scarcity and other factors.

 

 

 

 

·

Timing Differences. Historical transactions must be viewed in light of market conditions at the time compared to current conditions.  Overall market conditions are difficult to track in recent periods and extremely difficult to discern for historical periods.  Harder still, is the ability to track the relative popularity of specific works, artists and genres over historical periods.

 

 

 

 

·

Market Depth. Sale prices only reflect the price a single buyer was willing to pay for a work, so it is very difficult to determine the depth of demand, as defined by the number of potential buyers that are ready, willing and able to purchase an artwork at or below a given price level.

 

 

 

 

·

Entanglements. It is not uncommon in the art market for buyers, sellers and intermediaries to enter into private contractual arrangements that may affect the sales price of a specific transaction.  It is often impossible to know of the existence or terms of any such contractual arrangements.

 

Accordingly, due to the inherent subjectivity involved in estimating the realizable value of the Artwork, any appraisal or estimate of realizable value may prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be different than the amount ultimately realized upon sale and such differences can be, and often are, material.

 

Since the Valuation of High-End Art Relies in Large Part on an Analysis of Historical Auction Sales, it is more Difficult to Accurately Determine Fair Value of Artwork by Artists that have Fewer Auction Sales. Certain artists (e.g. Monet, Renoir or Van Gogh) have a relatively large global collector base and a well-established track record of auction sales over a lengthy period. These artists were also extremely prolific during their careers, so their art is frequently bought and sold at auction. This relatively large volume of data makes estimates of historical pricing trends and fair value ranges for art produced by these artists more reliable. By contrast, the valuation of works by other artists who have a smaller collector base and or a shorter track record of auction sales, such as the artist who authored the Artwork, is comparatively more difficult and such assessments are generally prone to wider margins of error. As a general matter, historical pricing trends and fair value estimates are more likely to be more accurate for artists with higher volumes of prior auction sales than pricing trends and estimates for artists that have fewer historical auction sales. Accordingly, there is a higher risk that we may overpay for, or misprice, the Artwork notwithstanding that it is subject to a public auction and arguably market-based pricing.

 

Our Third-Party Valuation of the Fair Value of the Artwork may not be Reflective of its Value at any Point in Time and Hence the Value of the Class A Shares or its Realizable Value upon Eventual Sale.  We will engage experienced, third-party appraisers to value the Artwork currently and in conjunction with filing our annual financial statements with the SEC.  For the reasons set forth elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section, any such valuation is inherently subjective and may not represent the actual realizable value of the Artwork.  In addition, because the timing of the Artwork’s sale is unknown, the value of the associated Class A Shares may be significantly different than the proportionate indirect ownership of the Artwork that they represent.  In addition, the Managing Member will consider a variety of factors in making any determination as to the Artwork’s price and terms of a sale and therefore its appraised value may not be indicative of the price at which the Managing Member determines to sell the Artwork.

  

 
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An Investment in the Art is Subject to Various Risks, any of which could Materially Impair the Value of the Art and the Market Value of the Class A Shares. Investing in the Artwork is subject to the following risks:

 

 

·

Authenticity. Claims with respect to the authenticity of the Artwork may result from incorrect attribution, uncertain attribution, lack of certification proving authenticity, forgery or falsification of the artist’s signature. Under the terms of an Auction sale, we will obtain representations of authenticity from the Seller, but in any event such representations do not effectively eliminate the risk.

 

 

 

 

·

Provenance. Claims related to provenance, or history of ownership, are relatively common and allege that an Artwork has an uncertain or false origin. Future buyers may also negatively perceive some elements of the prior ownership history, or whether the work is considered to have sold too often in the past. With respect to the Artwork, future buyers may negatively perceive our fractionalized ownership in the Artwork when considering a purchase.

 

 

 

 

·

Condition. The physical condition of the Artwork over time is dependent on technical aspects of artistic workmanship, including the materials used, the manner and skill of application, as well as handling and storage of the Artwork and other factors.

 

 

 

 

·

Physical Risks. The Artwork is subject to potential damage, destruction, devastation, vandalism or loss as a result of natural disasters (flood, fire, hurricane), crime or theft, notwithstanding the insurance coverage we will maintain.

 

 

 

 

·

Legal Risks. Ownership of the Artwork is prone to a variety of legal challenges, including challenges to title, nationalization, purchase from unauthorized persons, risk of cheating, money laundering, violation of legal regulations and restitution issues. Purchasing from a major auction house such as Bonhams, Christies and Sotheby’s can reduce but not eliminate these risks.

 

 

 

 

·

Market Risks. The art market is prone to change due to a variety of factors, including changes in transaction costs, substantial changes in fees, tax law changes, export licenses, changes in legal regulations, changes in attitudes toward art as an investment, changes in tastes, changes in supply, such as the liquidation of a major collection. These risks can be specific to certain geographies.

 

 

 

 

·

Economic Risks. Art values and demand are oftentimes affected by economic confidence among ultra-high-net-worth individuals.

 

 

 

 

·

Fraud Risk. The art market is unregulated and prone to abusive practices, including price manipulation, disguised agencies and lack of transparency.

 

Although the Managing Member will conduct due diligence in connection with acquiring, preserving and selling of the Artwork, no amount of due diligence can completely insulate the Company against these risks, and if any of these risks materialize, the value of the associated Artwork--and hence the Class A Shares--may decline substantially in value and their potential resale may be adversely affected.

 

If the Artwork is Displayed in a Gallery Space, Museum or other Location, it could be Damaged, and Insurance may not Cover all of the Damages, or even if Insurance does cover the Damages, it may cause the Artwork to be Unsaleable. We plan to store the Artwork in a protected environment with security measures, but no amount of security can fully protect an Artwork from damage, calamity or theft. It is planned that the Artwork will be permanently stored and displayed in the United States, though it might be displayed internationally. We plan to obtain and maintain adequate insurance coverage for the Artwork. However, it may be damaged while being displayed or stored and our insurance may not be able to cover all of the damages resulting therefrom. Moreover, even if insurance does cover such damages, the damages may result in the Artwork being unsaleable. Accordingly, damage or destruction of the Artwork will have a material adverse impact on the value of the Artwork and, consequently, the value of the Class A Shares.

 

We may not be able to Find a Buyer for the Artwork at a Reasonable Price. Art is a highly illiquid asset and a percentage of objects go unsold when sent to auction. Even in the event that we attempt to sell the Artwork, we cannot guarantee that there will be a buyer at any reasonable price. Additionally, if the Artwork does go to an auction sale and is not sold, such failure could damage the reputation of the Artwork in the marketplace and make it even more difficult to sell in the future.

 

Temporary Popularity of some Artwork or Categories of Art may Result in Short-Term Value Increases that Prove Unsustainable as Collector Tastes Shift. Temporary consumer popularity or “fads” among collectors may lead to short-term or temporary price increases, followed by decreases in value. The demand for specific categories of art and artists is influenced by changing trends in the art market as to which categories and artists are most sought after and by the preferences of individual collectors. These conditions and trends are difficult to predict and may adversely impact our ability to sell the Artwork for a profit.

 

 
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Ownership of an Artist’s Work may be Concentrated, and any Large-Scale Divestiture of a Collection could Negatively Affect Prices. If any major collector liquidated a large number of art pieces by the artist of an Artwork, the supply and demand dynamic could shift dramatically. A significant increase in the sale of art originated by a particular artist could significantly depress the value of Artwork also originated by that artist.

 

Changes in Opinions by Experts in the Artwork Regarding its Authenticity could Negatively Impact or Eliminate its Value. Authenticity is often completed by art world experts and their opinions often matter more than scientific data. If a well-respected art expert were to opine negatively on the authenticity or value of the Artwork, it could reduce or eliminate its resale value.

 

Insurance Coverage for the Artwork does not cover Title Claims and may not Cover all Possible Contingencies, Exposing us to Losses Resulting from the Damage or Loss of the Artwork. Our insurance coverage does not cover title claims and may expressly exclude damage caused by war, losses caused by chemical or biological contamination and certain other potential loss scenarios. Accordingly, in the event of a successful claim that a Series does not have valid title and ownership to its Artwork, we would rely solely on the representations obtained from the Seller to compensate us for such losses, which may prove to be inadequate. In addition, uncovered damage or destruction of the Artwork that is not fully covered by insurance could have a material adverse impact on the value of the Class A Shares.

 

Industry Sales Cycles can be Unpredictable.  Purchase behavior by collectors is generally unpredictable due primarily to the discretionary nature, relative scarcity and high values of art purchases.  An art buyer may typically purchase art when excess liquidity is abundant.  When economic conditions preclude art collectors from purchasing the art, such a downturn in sales will affect a Series’ ability to sell its Artwork.  Additionally, many art buyers have significant access to credit to facilitate art purchases and any adverse changes in the credit market could negatively impact the value of the Artwork.

   

Competition in the Art and Collectibles Industry from Other Business Models may Make It Difficult to Obtain Underlying Artwork.  There is potentially significant competition for the underlying Artwork from many different market participants, including 100% Bidders. While the majority of transactions continue to be peer-to-peer with very limited public information, other market players such as arts and collectibles dealers and Auction Houses continue to play an increasing role. In addition, the underlying market is being driven by the increasing number of widely popular collectible art and collectibles TV shows, including Antiques Roadshow, Storage Pickers, American Pickers and Pawn Stars. This competition may impact the liquidity of a series, as it is dependent on our acquiring attractive and desirable underlying assets to ensure that there is an appetite from potential investors for the interests. In addition, there are companies that are developing crowd funding models for other alternative asset classes such as art or wine, who may decide to enter the art and collectibles market as well.

  

Risks Related to our Reliance on aShareX

 

We are Totally Reliant on the Asset Manager and Managing Member to Maintain and Sell the Artwork and Manage our Costs.  Neither the Company nor any Series is intended to have employees or to generate cash flow prior to the sale of its Artwork.  Accordingly, we are totally reliant on the performance and funding of the Asset Manager to effectively operate each Series.  We plan to rely on the Asset Manager to perform or administer all necessary services to maintain the Artwork, including obtaining insurance, security, transportation and storage.  The Asset Manager is also responsible for all routine and ordinary expenses required to maintain each Company Group Member, including professional services, regulatory filings, SEC reporting, tax filings and other matters.  The Asset Manager is a newly formed company and has not yet developed a track record of successful performance of these activities.  If the Asset Manager were to default on its obligations under the Asset Management Agreement, it would be extremely difficult for an affected Series to replace the Asset Manager or internally manage these functions given the Series lack of cash flow and lack of employees.  Accordingly, in the event of a material default by the Asset Manager under the Asset Management Agreement, the affected Series might be forced to sell its Artwork.  We cannot provide assurance that the timing and or terms of any such sale would be favorable.

  

 
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With the funding of the Sourcing Fee, the Asset Manager, either directly or through its affiliation with aShareX, should have sufficient sources of liquidity to pay all of the Offering Expenses and Operating Expenses, as described in greater detail under “Management-Asset Management-Funding and Reimbursement of Expenses”, and perform its obligations under the Asset Management Agreement for the foreseeable future. Pursuant to and in accordance with the Asset Management Agreement, the Asset Manager is required to pay such expenses until the Artwork is sold. The Asset Manager will have this same funding obligation for each Series. There can be no assurance that the Sourcing Fee paid by each Series is sufficient for the Asset Manager to cover all Offering Expenses and Operating Expenses for which it is responsible, or that it if it is insufficient, that the Asset Manager will maintain sufficient reserves and liquidity to fund any ongoing expenses.

 

In addition, while it is not expected that significant Extraordinary Expenses will be incurred given the passive nature of each Series’ activities, it is possible that they may arise due to, for example, litigation, indemnification or regulatory issues. Each Series will be dependent on the Managing Member to lend funds to, or arrange commercial financing for, the Series to pay for such expenses. However, there can be no assurance that the Managing Member will be able to do so. If the Managing Member’s sources of liquidity are insufficient to satisfy a Series’ Extraordinary Expenses, we and the Series may receive qualified audit reports that would likely have a material adverse effect on the value of the Class A Shares of the Series and it may be required to sell the Artwork at an inopportune time.

 

The Managing Member and Asset Manager will have Complete Authority to Administer the Business of each Series Consistent with the Operating Agreement, other than Certain Amendments Thereto and to the Asset Management Agreement. The Managing Member and Asset Manager will have sole control over all matters affecting the Company, Cayman, each Series and each SP (collectively, “Company Group Members”), including the insurance, storage and the terms of sale of the Artwork, and initiating and defending litigation. Nonetheless, the Managing Member and Asset Manager shall not have the authority to do any of the following without first obtaining the required vote of the Class A Members as a group:

 

 

·

Amend, waive or fail to comply with any material provision of the Operating Agreement that disproportionately and adversely affects the Class A Members of all Series (requires approval by a Company Majority Vote, as described below under “Description of Shares- Summary of Operating Agreement and Series Designation - Voting Rights”),

 

 

 

 

·

Amend, waive or fail to comply with any material provision of the Operating Agreement that  disproportionately and adversely affects the Class A Members of a specific Series (requires approval by a Majority Vote);

 

 

 

 

·

With respect to a particular Series, amend the Asset Management Agreement in a manner that is materially adverse to the Class A Members of such Series, or amend the Series Designation to acquire additional material assets other than the Artwork, incur debt for borrowed money or engage in business activities that are unrelated to the ownership, promotion and sale of the Artwork, other than the loans related to Extraordinary Expenses (requires approval by a Majority Vote); or

 

 

 

 

·

Issue additional Class A Shares of a Series other than as necessary to repay loans for Extraordinary Expenses (requires approval by a Majority Vote).

 

Additionally, the Artwork associated with a Series will be sold during the sixth and seventh years following its acquisition if approved by a Majority Vote of the Series, and if not so requested or approved, the Artwork will be sold in the eighth year following its acquisition. In all events, the Managing Member shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain a favorable price and terms for the sale, but it will otherwise be in its sole discretion (provided that the sale must be solely for cash).

 

If the Artwork is sold, the Asset Manager will be entitled to reimbursement for costs and expenses associated with the sale and any such transaction may be subject to the payment of a Seller’s Commission if done through a public auction. In addition, the Managing Member may elect to form a new investor group, which may include Class A Members not desiring to sell the Artwork, to bid on the purchase of the Artwork if done though an auction. There is no guaranty that any sale of the Artwork will be successful, or if successful, that the net proceeds realized by Class A Members from such transaction will be reflective of the estimated fair market value of the Class A Shares at such time.

 

 
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The Class A Members have Limited Ability to Influence the Managing Member or Asset Manager. The Managing Member and Asset Manager essentially have complete control of the Company Group Members. This concentration of control may delay, deter or prevent acts that would be favored by the Class A Members. For example, the Managing Member is not required to sell the Artwork prior to the sixth year following its date of acquisition even if favored by a majority of the Class A Members. In addition, the interests of the Managing Member and Asset Manager may not always coincide with the interests of the Class A Members, and such interests may be altered by a change of control in aShareX and hence the Managing Member. As a result, the market price of the Class A Shares may decline or not be reflective of the underlying value of the Artwork.

 

Class A Members can only remove the Managing Member or Asset Manager for either entity’s fraud or intentional misconduct, as finally judicially determined, and then only if the removal is approved by a Super Majority Vote, as described under “Description of Shares - Summary of Operating Agreement and Series Designation – The Managing Member”.  If the Managing Member or Asset Manager commits fraud or intentional misconduct with respect to a particular Series, it may not unilaterally remove the Managing Member and Asset Manager with procuring the votes of the Class A Members of the other Series to meet the Super Majority Vote requirement.  Moreover, even if such vote is obtained, the Class A Members of all Series must select replacement entities to assume the roles, duties and expense burdens of the Managing Member and Asset Manager, and neither of them is required to refund or return any portion of the Sourcing Fee or Class B Shares previously received.  This may preclude the engagement of replacement entities which would result in the Company and each Series having to dissolve and sell all of the Artwork at an inopportune time.  This, in turn, may make it impractical to remove the Managing Member and Asset Manager even for cause.

   

As a Non-Listed Company Conducting an Exempt Offering Pursuant to Regulation A, we are not Subject to a Number of Corporate Governance Requirements, Including the Requirements for a Board of Directors or Independent Board Committees. We do not intend to list the Class A Shares on a national securities exchange. As a non-listed company conducting an exempt offering pursuant to Regulation A, we are not subject to a number of corporate governance requirements that an issuer listing on a national stock exchange would be. Matters may arise where the interests of the Class A Members and those of the Asset Manager, the Managing Member or other aShareX affiliates are not aligned or are in conflict. This would include, for example, a situation where the Managing Member does not wish to sell the Artwork prior to the sixth year following the date of acquisition, preferring instead to benefit from subsequent value appreciation, but a majority of the Class A Members of the associated Series favor such disposition desiring to obtain near term liquidity. We do not have, nor are we required to have (i) a board of directors of which a majority consists of “independent” directors under the listing standards of a national stock exchange, (ii) an audit committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written audit committee charter meeting a national stock exchange’s requirements, (iii) a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written nominating/corporate governance committee charter meeting a national stock exchange’s requirements, (iv) a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors and a written compensation committee charter meeting the requirements of a national stock exchange, and (v) independent audits of our internal controls. Accordingly, Class A Members may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of a company listed on a national stock exchange.

 

Failure of the Company or the Series to Comply with Applicable Regulations may have a Negative Impact on Investors. The Class A Shares are being offered for sale without the engagement of an underwriter. The Company has retained Dalmore, a registered broker-dealer, to provide certain services in connection with each Offering, including reviewing investor information to assure compliance with “know your customer” and “anti-money laundering” regulations and to confirm investor eligibility to participate in the Offering. Dalmore has also been engaged as the executing broker for facilitating trades in the secondary market through utilization of the Trading Platform operated by North Capital. If a regulatory authority determines that the Company, which is not a registered broker-dealer, or North Capital, as the operator of the Trading Platform, have engaged in impermissible brokerage activities with respect to the initial sale of the Class A Shares or their subsequent resale in the secondary market, there is a risk that Class A Shares offered and sold might be subject to a right of rescission, the funding of which would be an Extraordinary Expense that might be too large to finance, thus resulting in a premature sale of the Artwork.

 

 
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The Operating Agreement Designates the Federal District Courts of the United States of America as the Exclusive Forum for Disputes between us and the Class A Members Involving Claims under the Securities Act, which, if Enforced by the Courts, will Restrict the Class A Members’ Ability to Choose the Judicial Forum for Securities Act Disputes. Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all Securities Act actions. Accordingly, both state and federal courts have jurisdiction to entertain such claims. To prevent having to litigate claims in multiple jurisdictions and the threat of inconsistent or contrary rulings by different courts, among other considerations, our Operating Agreement provides that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. There is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce such provision, and the enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ constitutive documents has been challenged in legal proceedings. While the Delaware courts have determined that such choice of forum provisions are facially valid, a shareholder may nevertheless seek to bring a claim in a venue other than those designated in the exclusive forum provisions. In such instance, we would expect to vigorously assert the validity and enforceability of the exclusive forum provisions of the Operating Agreement. This may require significant additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions and there can be no assurance that the provisions will be enforced by a court in those other jurisdictions. This choice of forum provision may limit a shareholder’s ability to bring a Securities Act claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us. If a court were to find the exclusive-forum provision in the Operating Agreement to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, which could seriously harm our financial condition.

 

Risks Relating to Potential Conflicts of Interest

 

Investors May Face Risks Associated with Conflicts of Interest. The Managing Member has substantially complete discretion to determine the terms upon which the Artwork will be sold, and it may decline to sell the Artwork of a particular Series prior to the sixth year following its acquisition notwithstanding the desire of the Class A Members of the Series to effect such transaction to capture near term gains. The Managing Member may have economic incentives or disincentives to sell the Artwork that are misaligned with the interests of Class A Members. Moreover, the Asset Manager is liable to fund Offering and Operating Expenses in excess of the Sourcing Fee, and, accordingly, the Asset Manager is incentivized to minimize expenses for items such as insurance and storage of the Artwork even though additional expenditures might provide greater protection to preserve the Artwork or mitigate against loss. The Managing Member has complete discretion whether to loan funds to a Series to pay for Extraordinary Expenses and may act in its self-interest in doing so. Finally, the Managing Member may encourage the Class A Members of a Series to approve a sale of the Artwork prematurely in order to capture near-term gains, 10% of which inure to the benefit of the Class B Shares, and eliminate further Operating Expenses for which the Asset Manager is responsible. Accordingly, while the interests of the Asset Manager and Managing Member are aligned with those of the Class A Members in using commercially reasonable efforts to maximize the Artwork’s appreciation and capture the most favorable sales terms, there nevertheless exist conflicts of interest as to the timing of the sale and no assurance can be given that any such conflicts will be resolved in a manner favoring the Class A Members.

 

Although the Managing Member will Own Class B Shares Representing 10% of an Artwork’s Value Appreciation, the Managing Member may sell its Shares or there may be a Change of Control of aShareX. The Managing Member will own 1,000 Class B Shares in each Series representing a 10% interest in the amount by which the Artwork appreciated over its Purchase Price. The Managing Member has no restrictions on the sale or disposition of its Class B Shares, or the Class A Shares received upon their conversion, other than restrictions imposed by applicable securities laws. Accordingly, the alignment that will exist upon the Closing of the Offering between the Managing Member and the Class A Members may not exist in the future. If the Managing Member sold a significant portion of its Class B Shares, or if there was a change in control of aShareX, the interests of the Managing Member and Asset Manager may differ significantly from those of the Class A Members.

 

The Managing Member, Asset Manager and other aShareX Parties will have other Business Interests and Obligations to other Entities, including Interests and Obligations Relating to the Art Industry. aShareX expects to engage in other business activities, including other activities relating to the art industry. aShareX may buy and sell other works of art, and establish other entities to engage in similar activities. None of aShareX, the Managing Member, the Asset Manager or any and each aShareX Party will be required to manage the Company or any Series as their sole and exclusive function. They will have other business interests and will engage in other activities in addition to those relating to the Company and the Series. We are dependent on these persons to successfully operate our day-to-day operations. Their other business interests and activities could divert time and attention from operating our business.

 

 
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aShareX may Receive Fees from a Buyer of the Artwork if it sells the Artwork without Engaging an Intermediary. aShareX may determine to sell the Artwork without engaging a third-party intermediary, in which event, aShareX could charge the buyer a reasonable fee not to exceed the lowest published Buyer’s Premium charged by Sotheby’s, Christie’s or Bonhams in effect at such time.

 

The Operating Agreement and Asset Management Agreement Contain Provisions that Exculpate the Managing Member, the Asset Manager and each other aShareX Party from Liabilities with respect to their Acts or Omission unless they are Determined to Constitute Fraud or Intentional Misconduct and this Reduces or Eliminates the Remedies Available to Investors for the Negligence or Gross Negligence of such Persons. The Operating Agreement and Asset Management Agreement limit the liability of the aShareX, the Managing Member, the Asset Manager and their affiliates. None of the foregoing persons shall be liable to the Company or any Series of the Class A Members for any action taken or omitted to be taken by such persons, including if determined to be negligent or grossly negligent, unless such act or omission is judicially determined to constitute fraud or intentional misconduct. Any of the foregoing persons may consult with legal counsel and accountants with respect to our affairs (including interpretations of the Operating Agreement or Asset Management Agreement) and shall be fully protected and justified in any action or inaction which is taken or omitted in good faith, in reliance upon and in accordance with the opinion or advice of such counsel or accountants. The foregoing limitations on liability reduce the remedies available to the Class A Members for actions taken which may negatively affect the Company and the Series.

 

 Risks Relating to Ownership of the Class A Shares and the Offering

 

There is No Active Public Market for the Class A Shares and an Active Trading Market may not ever Develop or, even if Developed, may not be Available to all Class A Members, may not be Sustained or may Cease to Exist following this Offering, which would Adversely Impact the Market for our Class A Shares and make it Difficult, or even Impossible, to Sell your Class A Shares. There is no active market for the Class A Shares. We do not plan to list the Class A Shares for trading on a national securities exchange, but we intend to facilitate secondary sales of Class A Shares on the Trading Platform pursuant to information posted on the Investor Platform at www.aShareX.com. No assurance can be given that the Trading Platform will provide an effective means of selling your Class A Shares or that the price at which any Class A Shares are sold through the Trading Platform is reflective of the fair value of the Class A Shares or the Artwork. We do not know the extent to which investor interest will lead to the development and maintenance of a liquid market. In light of a variety of factors, including, without limitation, the relatively small market capitalization of the Company and the limited number of users participating on the Trading Platform, the Trading Platform may not provide a reliable or effective means of price discovery. Any posted offer prices or historical transaction information reflected on the Trading Platform should not be construed as being representative of the fair value of the Company’s Class A Shares or of the Artwork. There are trading limitations imposed on those Class A Members who are aShareX Parties or who own 20% or more of the Class A Shares in a Series. Investors should be prepared to hold their Class A Shares for an indefinite period of time, as there can be no assurance that the Class A Shares will ever be saleable through the Secondary Market or an alternative platform.

 

You may not be able to Sell your Class A Shares at or above the Offering Price or at All. The initial Offering Price for Class A Shares may be above the value of the Artwork acquired through an Auction due to the fact it includes the payment of the Buyer’s Premium, taxes and the Sourcing Fee. In addition, the Managing Member owns 1,000 Class B Shares in each Series representing a 10% interest in amount by which the Artwork appreciated over its Purchase Price, which has a dilutive effect on the Class A Shares of the Series. You may not be able to sell your Class A Shares at or above the initial Offering Price, or ever. Investors should be prepared to hold their Class A Shares for an indefinite period, as there can be no assurance that the Class A Shares can ever be tradable or sold.

 

We will be Required to Publicly Report on an Ongoing Basis under the Reporting Rules set forth in Regulation A for Tier 2 Issuers that are less Rigorous than those Imposed under the Exchange Act Rules for Publicly Traded Companies and therefore the Investors Could Receive Less Information than they Might Expect to Receive from Exchange Traded Public Companies. We will be required to publicly report on an ongoing basis under the reporting rules set forth in Regulation A for Tier 2 issuers. The ongoing reporting requirements under Regulation A are more relaxed than for “emerging growth companies” under the Securities Act. The differences include, but are not limited to, being required to file only annual and semiannual reports, rather than annual and quarterly reports. Annual reports are due within 120 calendar days after the end of the issuer’s fiscal year, and semiannual reports are due within 90 calendar days after the end of the first six months of the issuer’s fiscal year. Therefore, our Investors could receive less information than they might expect to receive from exchange traded public companies.

 

 
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Holders of the Class A Shares may Face Significant Restrictions on the Resale of the Class A Shares Due to State “Blue Sky” Laws or Rules Restricting Participation by Foreign Citizens. Each state has its own securities laws, often called “blue sky” laws, which limit sales of securities to a state’s residents unless the securities are registered in that state or qualify for an exemption from registration and govern the reporting requirements for broker-dealers doing business directly or indirectly in the state. Before a security is sold in a state, there must be a registration in place to cover the transaction, or the transaction must be exempt from registration. The applicable broker, if any, must be registered in that state. A determination regarding registration will be made by Dalmore, as the executing broker to the extent the Class A Shares are sold through use of the Trading Platform. There may be significant state blue sky law restrictions on the ability of Investors to sell, and on purchasers to buy, their Class A Shares. In addition, the Trading Platform may limit the ability of non-U.S. citizens or residents to transact trades due primarily to complications associated with obtaining reasonable assurances as to the identity of such persons and compliance with anti-money laundering, tax and securities laws that may be applicable to such transactions. Accordingly, you should consider the resale market for the Class A Shares to be limited, as you may be unable to resell your shares without the significant expense of state registration or qualification, or at all.

 

There is a Risk an Offering will not Close. There are numerous possible scenarios pursuant to which an Offering may be terminated notwithstanding Investors tendering a successful bid to acquire the associated Artwork, including if the Closing of the Offering does not occur within the timeframe set by the Auction House for the acquisition of the Artwork due. This may occur as a result of one or more potential investors not timely funding the amounts equating to their bids, a potential investor’s inability to qualify as a Qualified Purchaser or because its investment exceeds the financial limitations imposed by the Company, and the Company cannot remedy the funding deficiency within the necessary timeframe. If any of the Class A Shares offered remain unsold, the seller of the Artwork will be asked to either reduce the Purchase Price or accept Class A Shares (assuming the seller is a Qualified Purchaser) for the deficient amount. To the extent there remains a deficient amount, the unsubscribed Class A Shares will be offered (i) first, to the Investors already participating in the Offering, (ii) second, to the aShareX Parties, and (iii) finally, to any other Qualified Purchaser (including an aShareX Party) with preference given to registered Investor Platform users. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the aShareX Parties may purchase Class A Shares in an Offering, and if offered shares pursuant to the procedure outlined in the immediately preceding sentence, they may not purchase more than 10% of the Class A Shares sold in the Offering. There can be no guarantee that any of these alternatives will successfully remedy the deficiency, and the Series may not be able to purchase the Artwork.

 

Sales of Class A Shares by the Managing Member could make it more Difficult for You to Sell your Class A Shares and Could Adversely Affect the Price of the Class A Shares on the Secondary Market. The Managing Member will own 1,000 Class B Shares in each Series, representing a 10% interest in the amount by which the Artwork appreciates in value over its Purchase Price. Such shares are convertible into Class A Shares at any time in accordance with a formula set forth in the Operating Agreement, which assuming full conversion, is intended to approximate, based on their current market price, 10% of the appreciation in the aggregate market price of the Class A Shares from their aggregate Offering Price. Furthermore, the Managing Member or another aShareX affiliate may purchase up to 10% of the Class A Shares following a successful Auction if necessary to close the Offering due to successful bidders failing to purchase their allocated shares. The Managing Member may also be issued Class A Shares in a Series to repay loans made in connection with Extraordinary Expenses. The Managing Member will have no restrictions on the disposition of its Class A Shares, other than the volume and reporting limitations imposed by Rule 144. Any sale of Class A Shares by the Managing Member or another aShareX affiliate may make it more difficult to sell your Class A Shares and could adversely affect the price at which you can resell your Class A Shares.

 

A Concentration in Ownership of the Class A Shares may Reduce Liquidity or Adversely Affect the Price of the Class A Shares on the Secondary Market or any other Trading Venue on which the Class A Shares may be Traded. Except in the case of (i) Benefit Plan Investors who may not acquire more than 24.9% of the Class A Shares in any Series, or (ii) non-Accredited Investors who are subject to an investment limit based on income and net worth, we do not impose a limit on the amount of Class A Shares that can be purchased by one person in a Series. A concentration of ownership in one or a small group of Class A Members in a Series may diminish liquidity in the secondary market, particularly if any such persons are deemed to be an “affiliate” of the Series as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act, which would make it more difficult for such person to sell its Class A Shares pursuant to applicable Federal securities laws. Conversely, concentrated ownership could also create an “overhang” risk, which is a risk that Class A Members may seek to liquidate their positions in a short time frame, which could significantly increase the supply of Class A Shares in a Series available for sale without a corresponding increase in demand, thereby driving the trading price of the Class A Shares downward.

 

 
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If a Series faces Litigation related to an Offering, the Managing Member may be Required to Sell the Series’ Artwork and the Proceeds of any Sale may be Insufficient to provide Proceeds to the Investors Equal to the Amount Paid for their Class A Shares in the Series. A Series may become subject to litigation or other government action requiring the Series to pay expenses not currently contemplated. These claims could include:

 

 

·

Claims that this Offering Circular contains any untrue statements of material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of all the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.

 

 

 

 

·

Claims that an Offering fails to qualify for exemption from registration under the federal securities laws pursuant to Regulation A, or our failure to appropriately register the Class A Shares or find an exemption under the securities laws of each state in which we offer the Class A Shares, which could result in each affected Investor being given the right to rescind its purchase of Class A Shares and to be repaid its purchase price.

 

 

 

 

·

Claims for indemnification made by our Managing Member, the Asset Manager or other aShareX Parties pursuant to our Operating Agreement or otherwise.

 

Any of these claims could be very costly to defend against, and result in significant liability to the Series. While the Asset Manager is responsible for all Operating Expenses, such expenses do not include litigation, indemnification or other Extraordinary Expenses. If such a claim were successful, or the Series cannot otherwise finance the defense of such claims, the Managing Member may be required to sell the Artwork and there can be no assurance that the proceeds of any such sale would result in sufficient proceeds to cover the costs associated with the defense of such claims or the claim itself, leaving little or no funds to distribute to remaining Investors.

 

Because we do not have an Audit Committee, Holders of the Class A Shares will have to rely on the Managing Member’s Board of Directors to perform these Functions. We do not have an audit committee and the Managing Member’s Board of Directors will perform the duties normally performed by such committee. Since conflicts of interest may arise between the Managing Member or Asset Manager, on the one hand, and the Class A Members of a Series, on the other hand, there can be no assurance that the Board of Directors will at all times act in a manner that resolves the conflict in favor of such Class A Members. See “Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest” above for more detail.

 

The Use of Credit Cards to Pay Subscriptions may Greatly Reduce Investment Returns. We may accept credit cards for subscriptions, provided that any such credit card subscription shall not exceed the lesser of $30,000 or the amount permitted by applicable law, per subscriber. An investment in the Class A Shares is a long-term and highly illiquid investment. Payment by credit card may be appropriate for some investors as a temporary funding convenience, but should not be used as a long term means to finance an investment in the Class A Shares. Investors contemplating using their credit card to invest are urged to review the SEC’s Investor Alert dated February 14, 2018 entitled: Credit Cards and Investments – A Risky Combination, which is available at https://www.sec.gov/oiea/investor-alerts-and-bulletins/ia_riskycombination. Credit card investment will result in incurrence of third-party fees and charges (often ranging from 1.5% - 3.0%), and high interest obligations which, together, will lower your expected investment returns. In addition, if you cannot meet your minimum payment obligation, you may damage your credit profile which would make it more difficult and more expensive to borrow in the future.

 

Provisions of the Operating Agreement may Delay or Prevent the Sale of Artwork or the Acquisition of a Series, which may not be in the Best Interests of Class A Members. Provisions in the Operating Agreement may be deemed to have anti-takeover effects, which include, among others, the Managing Member having sole and exclusive control of a Series’ operations and the inability of the Series’ Class A Members to require a sale of the associated Artwork prior to the fifth anniversary of its acquisition. These provisions are likely to delay, defer or prevent a person seeking to acquire the Artwork, including by purchasing the Class A Shares of the Series.

 

 
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The Tax Treatment of an Investment in the Company is Uncertain and Subject to Change. We currently expect to be taxed as a partnership, which means we do not expect to pay entity-level federal income taxes at either the Cayman or Company levels. Further, if the Class A Shares are sold prior to the sale of the Artwork, any gain recognized by individuals, trusts and estates subject to U.S. tax at preferential federal long-term capital gain rates of 23.8%, provided such Class A Member (i) does not own 10% or more of the Class A Shares in a Series, (ii) files a “QEF election” with the IRS for the taxable year the shares are acquired, and (iii) has held its shares for more than one year. Gain recognized by such Investors if they hold their Class A Shares through the date the Artwork is sold is likely to be subject to a maximum federal income tax of 31.8%. The foregoing positions are not free from doubt and are subject to complex provisions of the Code. Changes in the Code, the Income Tax Regulations promulgated thereunder or the IRS’ interpretation of same may cause such treatment to change, and any such change could result in a Series or the Company being subject to tax as a corporation or the gain from the sale of the Artwork or sale of Class A Shares being subject to tax at ordinary income rates or at higher capital gains rates. Investors are urged to consult their advisors with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in a Series in light of their particular circumstances.

 

Tax Risk to Investors Seeking to Invest using their Individual Retirement Accounts, including Traditional and Self-Directed IRAs and 401(k)s. Section 408(m) of the Internal Revenue Code treats the acquisition of any collectible, including any work of art, as a distribution from the retirement account. Distributions are taxable to the holder of the account and may be subject to early withdrawal penalties of 10% of such amount if the investor is not at least 59-1/2 years of age. The Internal Revenue Service could take the position that an investment in the Class A Shares, although not directly an investment in the Artwork, is tantamount to the acquisition of artwork and therefore should be treated as a taxable distribution. We will take the position that a deemed distribution only applies if Benefit Plan Investors in the aggregate acquire more than 24.9% of the Class A share in a Series. While we limit Benefit Plan Investors from investing in excess of this limit, the information we have on who is a Benefit Plan Investor may be wrong or the procedures we have for limiting their investment may be faulty, resulting in the investment limitation being exceeded. This, in turn, might result in an IRA or Section 401(k) Plan being deemed to have distributed their Class A Shares in the affected Series to their beneficial owner. We urge those Investors seeking to use their individual retirement accounts to invest in Class A Shares to consult with a competent tax professional prior to making an investment decision.

 

Investors are Bound by the Provisions contained in the Auction and Subscription Agreements which Provide for Mandatory Arbitration and a Waiver of Rights to a Jury Trial which Limits your Ability to bring Class Action Lawsuits, Seek Remedies on a Class Basis or have a Jury Decide the Factual Merits of Your Claim. By purchasing shares in an Offering, Investors agree to be bound by the arbitration provisions contained in the Auction and Subscription Agreements which provide that arbitration is the exclusive means for resolving disputes relating to or arising out of the Auction and Subscription Agreements, the Class A Shares, the Investor, Auction and Trading Platforms and/or the activities or relationships that involve, lead to, or result from any of the foregoing. In addition, by signing the Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement, you waive your rights to a jury trial in any such dispute. Please note that neither the mandatory arbitration provision nor the waiver of your rights to a jury trial apply to claims made under the federal securities laws or any dispute you may have with Dalmore, as the executing broker, transacting secondary market trades through the Trading Platform. If you have a dispute with the executing broker, you will have the right, but not the obligation to settle that dispute through the arbitration rules of FINRA Dispute Resolution, Inc., including through voluntary mediation or arbitration. Arbitration awards are generally final and binding. A party’s ability to have a court reverse or modify an arbitration award is very limited. Purchasers of shares in a secondary transaction would also be subject to the same arbitration provisions and jury waiver that are currently in our subscription agreement. Such arbitration provision limits the ability of investors to bring class action lawsuits or similarly seek remedies on a class basis for claims subject to the provision. If invoked, the arbitration is required to be conducted in the State of Delaware in accordance with Delaware law. The Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement allow for either the Company, a Series or an Investor to elect to enter into binding arbitration in the event of any covered claim in which the Company, the Series and the Investor are adverse parties. While not mandatory, in the event that the Company or a Series were to invoke the arbitration clause, the rights of the adverse Investors to seek redress in court would be severely limited. These restrictions on the ability to bring a class action lawsuit and the waiver of a jury trial may result in increased costs and/or reduced remedies, to individual Investors who wish to pursue claims against the Company or a Series, except in the case of claims made under the federal securities laws.

 

 
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The Outbreak of a Pandemic may Cause an Overall Decline in the Economy as a Whole and May Materially Harm the Company. If the outbreak of the coronavirus reoccurs and continues to grow, or should another pandemic occur, the effects of widespread infectious disease and epidemic may cause an overall decline in the economy as a whole. The actual effects of the spread of coronavirus or any other pandemic are difficult to assess at this time as they will depend on many factors beyond the control and knowledge of the Company. However, the spread of the coronavirus or other pandemic is likely to cause an overall decline in the global economy as a whole and therefore may materially harm the Company.

 

If our Series Limited Liability Structure is Not Respected, then a Series and Indirectly its Investors May be Exposed to the Liabilities of the Company and the other Series. The Company is structured as a Delaware series limited liability company that issues different series of interests for each underlying Artwork. Each series is not a separate legal entity. Under the Delaware Act, if certain conditions (as set forth in Section 18-215(b) of the Delaware Act) are met, the liabilities of the different series are segregated and the assets of one series of interests are not available to satisfy the liabilities of other series of interests. Although this limitation of liability is recognized by the courts of Delaware, there is no guarantee that if challenged in the courts of another U.S. state or a foreign jurisdiction, such courts will uphold a similar interpretation of Delaware law, and in the past certain jurisdictions have not honored such interpretation. If our series limited liability company structure is not respected, the assets of one Series may be exposed to the liabilities of the Company or another Series. Furthermore, while we intend to maintain separate and distinct records for each Series and otherwise meet the requirements of Section 18-215(b) of the Delaware Act, it is possible a court could conclude that the methods used did not satisfy such requirements, and thus potentially expose the assets of a Series to the liabilities of another Series. The consequence of this is that Investors may have to bear higher than anticipated expenses which would adversely affect the value of their Class A Shares or the amount of distributions to be made by the Series. In addition, we are not aware of any court case that has tested the limitations on inter-series liability provided by Section 18-215(b) in federal bankruptcy courts and it is possible that a bankruptcy court could determine that the assets of one Series should be applied to meet the liabilities of the Company or another Series where their assets are insufficient to meet their liabilities.

  

If our SP Structure is Not Respected, then a SP, and Indirectly its Investors, May be Exposed to the Liabilities of the Company and the other Series. Each Series will hold all of the interests of a SP established for such purpose by the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, aShareX Fine Art, SPC, a Cayman Islands segregated portfolio company (“Cayman”).  The concept of an segregated portfolio company is that the portfolio company, which remains a single legal entity, may create segregated portfolios such that the assets and liabilities of each portfolio are legally separate from the assets and liabilities of any other portfolio and from the portfolio company's general assets and liabilities, similar to the concept of the series limited liability company discussed above.  Similar to the series limited liability company, while this structure is recognized by the courts of the Cayman Islands, there is no guarantee that if challenged in the course of a U.S. state or other foreign jurisdiction, such courts will uphold a similar interpretation of Cayman law.  If our SP structure is not respected, the assets of one SP may be exposed to the liabilities of the Company or another SP.

 

DILUTION

 

The Managing Member will be issued 1,000 Class B Shares in each Series upon its formation in consideration of it paying the Broker Fees upon the Closing of an Offering or the expenses incurred in connection with any Offering that is not completed. We cannot identify the exact value of the consideration to be paid by the Managing Member in connection with the issuance of the Class B Shares, so we cannot quantify their dilutive effect at this time. However, as to each Series, the Class B Shares are anticipated to have a dilutive effect equating to 10% of the Artwork’s appreciation in value over its Purchase Price. This dilution will occur either by virtue of the distribution rights associated with the Class B Shares, or through their conversion into Class A Shares. If the Managing Member chooses to convert its Class B Shares into Class A Shares, the Class A Shares issued to the Managing Member, assuming full conversion, are intended to approximate, based on their current market price, 10% of the appreciation between the aggregate market price of the Class A Shares and their aggregate Offering Price upon the Closing of the Offering.

 

The Managing Member, in its discretion and subject to applicable securities laws, may issue additional Class A Shares following the Closing of an Offering to extinguish loans incurred by the Series for Extraordinary Expenses. The Class A Shares will be issued at their market price initially to the existing Class A Members of the Series in proportion to their Series’ share percentages and, if oversubscribed, next to those willing to subscribe for their allotted shares in proportion thereto (or in such other manner as the Managing Member deems equitable). All of proceeds from such issuance, net of associated costs, will be applied to reduce or pay off the loan. Given this, the dilutive effect of such issuance is uncertain since the proceeds will be used solely to reduce indebtedness and the Class A Shares are expected to be issued at their then market price.

 

 
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

Overview

 

The Company has not engaged any underwriters to sell the Class A Shares and each Offering will be conducted on a best-efforts basis by the Managing Member. After qualification of the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular is an integral part by the SEC, and upon receiving a “No Objection Letter” from FINRA, the Managing Member will proceed to complete the initial Offering. The Managing Member will arrange for all interested, pre-qualified investors to register on the Investor Platform and participate through the Series to purchase the Artwork by submitting bids through use of the Auction Platform. Each interested investor must execute an Auction Agreement (available for review on the Investor Platform) pursuant to which the investor (a) confirms its understanding of this Offering Circular (including the exhibits attached hereto, such as the Operating Agreement, the Series Designation, and the form of Subscription Agreement) and the Company’s Auction Bidding Rules (also available on the Investor Platform), (ii) makes certain representations and warranties, including as to its Qualified Purchaser status, and (iii) affirms that it is legally bound to pay a Winning Bid and to execute a Subscription Agreement to purchase the Class A Shares equal to its Winning Bid. The Company may also impose certain limitations on the amount an Investor may invest based on, for example, the Investor’s status as a Benefit Plan Investor or non-Accredited Investor, or its liquidity and net worth. If the potential investors’ bid is successful, the Managing Member will proceed to close the Offering by informing the successful bidders by email and through the Investor Platform of their Class A Share allocations and required funding. Please see “Description of Business – Auction Platform” below.

 

If an investor fails to (i) execute a Subscription Agreement subscribing for the number of Class A Shares equating to its Winning Bid, (ii) fund to the Escrow Agent an amount equal to its Winning Bid, or (iii) qualify for to purchase the Class A Shares due, for example, its Winning Bid exceeding the investor’s investment limitations, the Managing Member may exercise any and all available legal remedies on behalf of the Company, including initiating a collection proceeding to recover payment, plus interest and collection costs, as provided in the Auction Agreement, and it may also suspend or bar the investor from utilizing the Auction Platform to participate in future Auctions.

 

Notwithstanding the submission of a Winning Bid, an investor’s Subscription Agreement can be rejected by the Managing Member for any reason in its sole discretion, including the investor (a) failing to be a Qualified Purchaser or to pass KYC and AML screening (see discussion below), or (b) subscribing for an amount exceeding its investment limit (although the Managing Member may, in its discretion, agree to a subscription that is within such investment limitations). The minimum investment amount per Investor is $5,000 and the Managing Member can waive this requirement in its sole discretion. Benefit Plan Investors may not, in the aggregate, purchase more than 24.9% of the Class A Shares offered by any Series, and if they attempt to submit a bid at an Auction which, if it was the Winning Bid, would cause this investment limitation to be exceeded, such bid will be rejected.

 

Upon acceptance of an Investor’s Subscription Agreement, the Investor will be asked to fund the price for their Class A Shares directly to the Escrow Agent.  Investors can pay for their Class A Shares in the form of ACH debits, credit cards or wire transfer of immediately available funds.  The Company will not accept Bitcoin, Ethereum or similar currencies as payment for shares.  Credit card subscription shall not exceed the lesser of $30,000 or the amount permitted by applicable law, per Investor.  Fees incurred by the Company in receiving investor funds, such as incoming wire charges or credit card fees will be charged to the funding Investor and must be paid by check made payable to the Escrow Agent after being informed of the charge.  Investors contemplating using their credit card to invest are urged to carefully review “Risk Factors – The Use of Credit Cards Used to Pay Subscriptions may Greatly Reduce Investment Returns.”

  

 
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The amounts funded by the Investors will be held by the Escrow Agent in a segregated, non-interest bearing account (but not segregated by Investor), and will not be commingled with the Escrow Agent’s other funds or assets. The funds in the escrow account will not be released to the Company until there is confirmation that (i) the Series has successfully bid for the Artwork, and (ii) the funds necessary to pay its Acquisition Cost are in the escrow account and funded by Qualified Purchasers whose Subscription Agreements have been accepted by the Managing Member and Dalmore. Once these tests have been met, the funds will be immediately transferred to the operating account of the Company and used to purchase the Artwork on behalf of Cayman and to fund the Sourcing Fee to the Asset Manager. The Transfer Agent will then record the electronic issuance of the Class A Shares to the Investors in the amounts allocated to them by the Managing Member in accordance with their Winning Bids. If the Offering is terminated for any reason, the funds held by the Escrow Agent on account of each potential investor shall be returned to such potential investor, without interest, less any wire or credit card fees not previously paid by the potential investor.

 

Qualification of Investors

 

All potential investors will be required to undergo Know Your Customer (“KYC”) and Anti-Money Laundering (“AML”) screening. The U.S. Financial Crimes Enforcement Network requires both customers and financial institutions to comply with KYC and AML standards to prevent illegal activity, specifically money laundering, and to achieve regulatory compliance. Financial institutions must understand the type and purpose of the customer relationship and develop a customer risk profile, used as a baseline for detecting suspicious customer activities. Financial institutions must also maintain current and accurate customer information and continue to monitor accounts for suspicious and illegal activities. When detected, they are required to promptly report their findings. As such, you will be asked to forward factual information for KYC and AML screening to Dalmore as part of your account formation process on the Investor Platform, and as part of your execution of the Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement. Each Investor must also comply with all the laws of the securities industry relative to their investment in Class A Shares. Any potential investor not passing KYC and AML screening by Dalmore (as determined by Dalmore in its sole discretion), or not meeting the Qualified Purchaser requirements, will be ineligible to participate in an Auction or the associated Offering.

 

Plan of Distribution

 

We intend for the sale of the Class A Shares to occur principally through the Investor Platform and the Investor’s execution of the Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement, the forms of which are available on the Investor Platform.  

   

The Offering is being conducted as a Tier 2 Offering under Regulation A of the Securities Act, and therefore only offered and sold to “Qualified Purchasers.” For further details on the suitability requirements an Investor must meet in order to participate in this Offering, see “Plan of Distribution and Subscription Procedure – Investor Suitability Standards.” As a Tier 2 Offering, this Offering will be exempt from state law Blue Sky registration requirements, subject to meeting certain state filing requirements and complying with certain antifraud provisions.

 

The Offering Circular with respect to each Series will be made available on the Investor Platform as soon as possible after it is qualified with the SEC, and potential investors will be able to assess whether they would like to participate in the Auction and the bids they would like to submit, as well as submitting any documentation required by the Company in order to participate in the Auction process. There will only be one Closing of the Offering for each Series, which will be held on the date determined by the Managing Member in its sole discretion.  The Company anticipates that the Auction for each Series will be held within 60 days of the qualification of the Offering of each Series, and that the Closing of an Offering will occur within 35 days of the Auction for the particular Series.   However, the date of the Auction may be scheduled prior to our qualification of the Offering for the applicable Series, and the exact amount of time between the commencement of our Offering and the Auction will likely vary depending on the length of the qualification process. The Class A Shares will be issued in book-entry form without certificates and will be transferred into a custodial account created for each Investor by Vertalo, Inc., as the Transfer Agent, upon the closing of this Offering.  

   

The Managing Member and Asset Manager (and not the Company or the Investors) will pay all of the Offering Expenses incurred in this Offering, including the brokerage fees of Dalmore, the Escrow Agent and Transfer Agent, and fees associated with the filing of periodic reports with the SEC and future Blue Sky filings with state securities departments, but excluding fees incurred by Investor for Investor’s legal counsel or other advisors.) Any Investor desiring to engage separate legal counsel or other professional advisors in connection with this Offering will be responsible for the fees and costs of such separate representation.

 

Investor Suitability Standards

 

The Class A Shares are being offered and sold only to Qualified Purchasers—namely Accredited Investors, and all other investors so long as their investment in the Class A Shares of any Series does not represent more than 10% of the greater of their annual income or net worth (for natural persons), or 10% of the greater of annual revenue or net assets at fiscal year-end (for non-natural persons). Qualified Purchasers must also pass KYC and AML screening. We reserve the right to reject any investor’s subscription in whole or in part for any reason, including if we determine in our sole and absolute discretion that such investor is not a Qualified Purchaser.

 

 
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 For purposes of the foregoing, an “Accredited Investor,” in the case of a natural person, is a person who has:

 

1. An individual net worth, or joint net worth with the person’s spouse, which exceeds $1,000,000 at the time of the purchase, excluding the value of his or her home furnishings, automobiles and primary residence and the mortgage on that primary residence; or

 

2. Earned income exceeding $200,000 in each of the two most recent years or joint income with a spouse exceeding $300,000 for those years and a reasonable expectation of the same income level in the current year.

 

If the Investor is not a natural person, different standards apply. Please refer to Rule 501 of Regulation D for more details.

 

The Managing Member and Dalmore will determine whether investors seeking to participate in the Auction are Qualified Purchasers in reliance on the information and representations provided by such investors regarding their Accredited Investor status and financial situation.  Before making any representation that your investment does not exceed applicable financial thresholds, we encourage you to review Rule 251(d)(2)(i)(C) of Regulation A. For general information on investing, we encourage you to refer to http://www.investor.gov.  Benefit Plan Investors may be ineligible to purchase Class A Shares to the extent their purchase may result in Benefit Plan Investors owning 25% or more of the Class A Shares out of concern that such investment may result in the Series’ assets being considered “plan assets,” although this limitation may be waived in the sole discretion of the Managing Member.

 

Investors who purchase 10% or more of the Class A Shares will be subject to certain disclosure requirements in the Company’s SEC filings. In addition, Investors subject to U.S. taxation and purchasing 10% or more of the Class A Shares will be treated as owning an interest in a “controlled foreign corporation,” and, as a result, they will be subject to certain tax filing requirements, in addition to being taxed at ordinary income rates (rather than at preferential long-term capital gain rates) on the gain they recognize upon the sale of the Artwork and the distribution of the resulting proceeds.

 

If you live outside the United States, it is your responsibility to fully observe the laws of any relevant territory or jurisdiction outside the United States in connection with participating in the auction and purchasing Class A Shares, including obtaining required governmental or other third party consents and observing any other required legal or other formalities.

 

Participating in the Auction and making an investment in the Class A Shares may involve significant risks. Only persons who can bear the economic risk of the investment for an indefinite period of time and the loss of their entire investment should participate in the auction and invest in the Class A Shares. See “Risk Factors.”

 

Broker-Dealer Agreement

 

The Company has engaged Dalmore Group, LLC (“Dalmore”), a broker-dealer registered with the Commission and a member of FINRA, to act as the broker-dealer of record for this Offering, but not for underwriting or placement agent services. As compensation, the Managing Member, on behalf of the Company, has agreed to pay Dalmore a commission equal to 1% of the amount raised in the Offering to support the Offering on all invested funds after the issuance of a No Objection Letter by FINRA. In addition, the Managing Member has paid Dalmore a one-time advance set up fee of $5,000 to cover reasonable out-of-pocket accountable expenses actually anticipated to be incurred by Dalmore, such as, among other things, preparing the FINRA filing. Dalmore will refund any fee related to the advance to the extent it is not used, incurred or provided to the Company. In addition, the Managing Member will pay a one-time $20,000 consulting fee that will be due immediately after FINRA issues a No Objection Letter.

  

Dalmore has agreed to provide the following services as a broker-of-record:

 

1. Accept Investor data from the Company and notify the Company to gather additional information or clarification regarding any Investor;

 

2. Review and process Investor information, including the Auction Agreements and Subscription Agreements, KYC and AML screening and other compliance background checks, and provide a recommendation to the Managing Member as to whether to accept the Investor and whether investment limitations should be imposed based on the Investor’s investment or financial status;

 

 
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3. Coordinate with the Escrow Agent to help establish escrow services for Investor documentation;

 

4. Serve as a registered agent for the Class A Shares where required for state Blue Sky law requirements;

 

5. Keep Investor details and data confidential and not disclose such information to any third party except as required by regulators or in performance of its obligations under the Brokerage Agreement (e.g. as needed for AML and background checks); and

 

6. Apply for the FINRA “No Objections Letter” and comply with any required FINRA filings including filings required under Rule 5110 for the Offering.

 

A copy of the Broker-Dealer Agreement is attached as Exhibit 6.3 to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part.  The fees of Dalmore in connection with the Offering will be paid by our Managing Member.

   

Affiliated Issuers

 

We acknowledge that the $75 million annual limit for offerings under Rule 251(a)(2) (Tier 2) of Regulation A will be aggregated between any affiliated issuers with substantially similar business plans and have adopted this structure to avoid such limit. As previously described, and, as previously noted, an investment in each Series of the Company represents an investment in that particular Series and thus indirectly in the underlying Artwork and does not represent an investment in the Company, any other Series or our Managing Member generally. See “Risk Factors.” Therefore, we believe the risks or benefits of investing in the different offerings are materially different, and the Series should not be treated as affiliated issuers for purposes of the $75 million annual limit.

 

Return of Funds if a Closing Does Not Occur

 

If an Offering cannot be completed following the submission by potential investors of a Winning Bid, any monies funded by such investors pursuant to their Subscription Agreements will be returned without interest to the Investors. The Managing Member will pay for all costs associated with an unsuccessful Offering (other than costs personally incurred by potential investors for legal, investment or tax advice and credit card or wire fees incurred in transmitting their funds).

 

Escrow Agent

 

North Capital, Dalmore and  the Company have entered into an Escrow Agreement for Securities Offering, dated February 8, 2023, pursuant to which North Capital has agreed to serve as the Company’s Escrow Agent to hold Investor funds until such time as (i) the Offering is closed at which time the Investor funds will be transferred to the associated  to purchase the Artwork, or (ii) the Offering is terminated at which time the potential investor funds will be returned to them, without interest, and less wire and credit card fees incurred on the funds transfer.  A copy of the Escrow Agreement is attached as Exhibit 8.1 to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular forms a part.  The fees associated with the Escrow Agent will be paid by the Asset Manager.

   

Transfer Agent

 

The Company and Vertalo, Inc. (the “Transfer Agent”), have entered into the Vertalo Subscription Agreement, dated January 20, 2023, wherein the Transfer Agent has been engaged for a one year period to provide standard transfer agent services for the Company, including (i) maintaining a record of ownership of the Class A Shares of each Series, including contact information of all registered holders;  (ii) maintaining a record of the transfer, issuance and cancellation of any and all Class A Shares of each Series; and (iii) coordinating with Dalmore and North Capital to ensure that all  trades or other permitted transfers of Class A Shares for each Series are promptly reported to the Company and recorded in the Investor Platform and the register for such securities.  The fees associated with the Transfer Agent will be paid by the Asset Manager.

  

 
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Investor Platform

 

aShareX has licensed to the Company and its registered users, on a non-exclusive, royalty free, worldwide basis, the right to utilize the Investor Platform. The Company uses the Investor Platform to gather basic information about potential bidders and Investors, including information relevant to determining if a bidder is a “Qualified Purchaser” or whether to impose any appropriate investment limits on a bidder or investor. Once an Investor establishes a user profile on the Investor Platform, it can browse and screen potential art investments, be informed as to their history, provenance and appraised value, view details of their investment and sign contractual documents online, such as subscription agreements. Investors can also post bid or ask requests concerning the potential trade of their Class A Shares, as discussed in greater detail below under “Description of Business – Liquidity Platform”.

 

Limitation on Other Information

 

We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information other than as set forth in this Offering Circular. Except as otherwise indicated, all information contained or incorporated by reference in this Offering Circular is accurate only as of the date of such information, regardless of the time of delivery of this Offering Circular or any sale of Class A Shares. Neither the delivery of this Offering Circular nor any sale made hereunder shall under any circumstances create any implication that there has been no change in our affairs since the date hereof. From time to time, we may provide an Offering Circular supplement or amendment that may add, update or change information contained or incorporated by reference in this Offering Circular. Any statement that we make in this Offering Circular will be modified or superseded by any inconsistent statement made by us in a subsequent Offering Circular supplement or amendment. The Offering Statement we filed with the SEC, of which this Offering Circular forms a part, includes exhibits that provide more detailed descriptions of the matters discussed in this Offering Circular. You should read this Offering Circular and the related exhibits filed with the SEC and any Offering Circular supplement and amendment, together with additional information contained in our semi-annual and annual reports and other reports and information statements that we will file periodically with the SEC. The Offering Statement and all amendments, supplements and reports that we have filed or will file in the future can be read on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. The contents of the Investor Platform (other than the Offering Statement, this Offering Circular and the appendices and exhibits thereto) are not incorporated by reference in or otherwise a part of this Offering Circular.

 

How to Subscribe

 

Potential investors who are Qualified Purchasers may participate in the Auction and, if they submit a Winning Bid, subscribe to purchase Class A Shares in the associated Series equating in price to their Winning Bid. In participating and subscribing you must:

 

1. Register through our Investor Platform at https://www.asharex.com.

  

2. Carefully read this Offering Circular, and any current amendment or supplement, as well as any documents described in this Offering Circular or attached hereto, and consult with your tax, legal and financial advisors to determine whether an investment in any the Class A Shares of a Series is suitable for you. No Class A Shares of a Series will be sold, nor may any offers to buy be accepted before the Offering Statement filed with the SEC with respect to the Series has been qualified.

 

3. Review the Auction Agreement (including the “Investor Qualification and Attestation” attached thereto), which is pre-populated following your completion of certain questions on the Investor Platform and if the responses remain accurate and correct, sign the completed Auction Agreement using electronic signature. The Auction Agreement sets forth the terms for your participation in the Auction, including with respect to submitting bids. The Auction Agreement is revocable at any time up to the time of the Auction. Once you participate in the Auction, the Auction Agreement becomes irrevocable and may not be withdrawn or cancelled. Pursuant to the terms of the Auction Agreement, if you submit a Winning Bid, you are legally bound to execute the Subscription Agreement to purchase the Class A Shares that equate in price to your Winning Bid, and to fund the purchase price to the Escrow Agent pending Closing of the Offering. No Auction will be conducted until the Offering Statement filed with the SEC with respect to the Series has been qualified.

 

 
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4. If you submit a Winning Bid, you will be informed of that fact by email and, through the Investor Platform, of (i) the amount of your Winning Bid and the instructions for funding such amount to the Escrow Agent, and (ii) the number of Class A Shares allotted to you in connection with your Winning Bid. You will also be asked to review the Subscription Agreement populated on the Investor Platform, confirm that the representations, warranties and covenants made therein are correct, and, if correct, execute the Subscription Agreement by electronic signature. The amount funded to the Escrow Agent will be held in a non-interest-bearing escrow account. The Escrow Agent will hold such subscription monies in escrow until such time as your Subscription Agreement is either accepted or rejected by the Company and, if accepted, until such further time until the Offering is closed, and you are issued the Class A Shares for which you subscribed.

 

5. The Managing Member and Dalmore will review your Subscription Agreement and you may be asked to provide additional information. The Managing Member or Dalmore will contact you directly if required. We reserve the right to reject any subscriptions, in whole or in part, for any or no reason, and to withdraw any Offering at any time prior to Closing.

 

6. If your subscription is rejected in whole or in part, then your subscription payments (being the entire amount if your application is rejected in whole or the payments associated with those subscriptions rejected in part) will be refunded promptly, without interest or deduction except for credit card or wire fees incurred by the Company in accepting your funding.

 

7. If all or a part of your subscription is approved, then the number of Class A Shares for which you are entitled to subscribe will be issued to you upon the Closing. Simultaneously with the issuance of the Class A Shares, the subscription monies held by the Escrow Agent in escrow on your behalf will be transferred to the operating account of the Company or associated Series as consideration for such issuance.

 

By executing the Auction Agreement you confirm certain representations and warranties, including as to your Qualified Purchaser status, and agree to be bound by its terms, including the obligation to fund to the Escrow Agent the amount of your Winning Bid should you be successful. By signing the Subscription Agreement, you reconfirm the representations and warranties made in your Auction Agreement, and you agree to subscribe to the Class A Shares and to be bound by the terms of the Operating Agreement should your subscription be accepted. The Managing Member and Dalmore will rely on the information you provide in the Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement, including the “Investor Qualification and Attestation” attached thereto and the supplemental information you provide in order for the Managing Member and Dalmore to verify your status as a Qualified Purchaser. If any information about your Qualified Purchaser status changes prior to you being issued Class A Shares, please notify the Managing Member or Dalmore immediately.

 

For further information on the subscription process, please contact the Managing Member using the contact details set out in the “Where to Find Additional Information” section.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

The entire gross proceeds from each Offering will be used solely to pay the Acquisition Cost of the associated Artwork.  “Acquisition Cost” is comprised of the Purchase Price for the Artwork, taxes and the Sourcing Fee payable to the Asset Manager in connection with the acquisition of the Artwork.  The Sourcing Fee will equal 4% of the Artwork’s Purchase Price. The Managing Member and Asset Manager will pay for all Offering Expenses, including the fees and expenses associated with qualification of the Offering with the SEC, the fees and other expenses payable to Dalmore for the purchase of Class A Shares, the fees and expenses of North Capital, the Escrow Agent and Transfer Agent, and the costs of forming each Series and SP. See the “Series Offering Table” included in Appendix B for the Artwork associated with each Series.  Each component of the Acquisition Cost for a Series will be set forth in Appendix C. 

   

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

 

The discussions contained in this Offering Circular, including the description of the Artist, the Artwork and the Art Industry in Appendix D, are taken from third-party sources that the Company believes to be reliable, and the Company further believes that the factual information from such sources  is  fair and accurate in all material respects.

   

 
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aShareX Business Proposition

 

Fine art, although considered an “alternative investment,” has been a cornerstone of wealth accumulation for generations. However, barriers to accessing alternative asset investments are high, and quality access has been limited. Those who do have access to top quality alternative asset investments are frequently challenged by a lack of transparency, sizeable operational overhead and high minimums and fees from established gatekeepers. The resulting costs for investing in these alternative assets are therefore high and transaction volumes relatively low, with few options for ongoing liquidity, resulting in indeterminate holding periods. As a result, the opportunity to build and maintain wealth via alternative asset investments remains relatively inaccessible for the majority of individuals. Fine art is one such example of an alternative asset class that encapsulates these challenges.

 

aShareX (Art Share Exchange) offers a solution to this problem as it applies to the fine art market, vintage automobiles, and other collectibles. aShareX is a marketplace that connects buyers and sellers of museum-quality, investment-grade fine art. aShareX enables buyers to purchase, through limited liability companies, fractional securitized ownership interests in blue-chip artwork, giving investors and collectors the opportunity to own previously unattainable artwork with enduring value, and thereby bringing a new market of buyers to high end art. aShareX is comprised of two functional exchanges – an auction-based primary market and a matching-based ATS secondary market for ongoing investor-controlled liquidity.

 

aShareX Auctions are designed to closely mimic traditional English auctions. In English auctions, also known as open-outcry ascending-price auctions, the price is successively raised until only one bidder remains, and that bidder purchases the auctioned item at a price equal to the final bid. As part of aShareX’s process, aShareX provides art buyers with rarely-available, detailed due diligence on the underlying artwork, including a recent valuation and condition report, the artwork’s provenance, expert opinions, exhibition and publication histories, and other useful documentation so that self-directed participants are empowered to make optimal purchase decisions for themselves without third-party intermediaries or advisors interposed to avoid any duplicative costs and potential conflicts. aShareX further enables the participation of fractional and 100% bidders, the placements of “Limit Bids” online (i.e. bids placed in a higher Price Bucket than the current Price Bucket, which is intended to be included in all Price Buckets up to the Price Bucket of the Limit Bid) or by phone, with auction participants being able to bid for the desired number of shares in the subject Artwork at a specified price per share of their choosing.

 

By enabling the fractionalization of artwork into affordably priced securitized ownership interests represented by the Class A Shares in a Series, aShareX provides accessibility to a broader market than was previously available, given the relatively high historical purchase prices of such artwork. In effect, prospective art buyers who have in the past been priced out of the fine art market can now participate in auctions of high value artwork. Therefore, aShareX facilitates visible, market-based pricing, as – arguably for the first time for Fractional Bidders – more interested parties can participate in auctions for these high valued artwork. Of note, individuals, entities or consortia of individuals who desire ownership of the artwork in its entirety (“100% Bidders”) and subsequent physical control of the artwork may participate in aShareX Auctions. Artwork won by 100% Bidders will not be fractionalized into Class A Shares and they will therefore own the Artwork outright and treated in the same manner as in a traditional auction. In such instance, the Offering will not close, and the Managing Member will pay all associated expenses incurred in respect thereto.

 

aShareX also intends to offer a secondary market for subsequent trading of fractionalized interests in the Artwork, providing potential ongoing, low-cost, liquidity for owners of the fractional interests. Upon the successful completion of an Auction and the issuance by the associated Series of its Class A Shares to the Investors, the Series is expected to hold the Artwork until it is sold in the sixth or seventh year following its acquisition, if approved by Majority Vote of the Series, or in the eighth year if a prior sale has not been approved. A sale may occur in years prior to the sixth year if a compelling offer is made and such proposal is approved by the Managing Member and a Majority Vote of the Series. To facilitate a sale, the Managing Member will use commercially reasonable means to procure favorable pricing and terms for the subject Artwork, including by arranging for its disposition by way of a public auction or private sale, as the Managing Member may determine. Any sale must be for cash, and the Managing Member will endeavor to distribute the Net Sales Proceeds to the Series Class A Members as quickly as possible as part of the liquidation of the Series and its SP.

 

 
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In sum, the aShareX innovative approach and proprietary technology allows self-directed investors to participate in fine art purchases by (i) providing rarely available, fact based knowledge concerning the Artwork, including initial and periodic third party appraisals, (ii) enabling the investors to participate directly in the purchase without expensive middlemen and with real-time, market based, competitive pricing, (iii) potentially providing the investors with a low-cost liquidity alternative to an investment that is otherwise illiquid, (iv) allowing the investors to benefit from the experience, expertise and sourcing capabilities of the aShareX principals, (v) enabling the Investor group to require the Artwork to be sold in either the sixth or seventh years following its acquisition, and (vi) assuring the investors of an exit event no later than the eighth year following the acquisition.

 

In addition to the foregoing, an investment in each Series of the Company offers attractive tax benefits.  Subject to the more detailed discussion in “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations,” under current tax law, a sale of the Artwork and a distribution of the resulting proceeds should not be subject to an entity level tax.  Taxable gain recognized upon such transaction (or upon an earlier sale of Class A Shares) by Investors subject to U.S. tax who own less than ten percent (10%) of the Class A Shares and who have timely filed a so-called "QEF election” with the Internal Revenue Service, should be subject to tax at preferable long-term capital gain rates (taxable at a maximum federal rate of 23.8% for individuals, trusts and estates) if the Class A Shares are sold prior to the sale of the Artwork, or at a rate of 31.8% if the shares are retained the shares through the date of sale.  Non-U.S. Investors and tax-exempt Investors will generally not be subject to tax on the gain realized upon the sale of their Class A Shares or upon the eventual sale of the Artwork and liquidation of the Company.  

  

As a special incentive, and subject to compliance with copyright limitations, each Investor participating in a successful Offering will receive, without cost, a high resolution, digital image of the associated Artwork, suitable for framing and display for non-commercial purposes in the Investor’s home or other personal space.

 

Auction Platform

 

Overview. The Auction Platform licensed to the Company operates consistently with the principles outlined above. It enables prospective investors (referred to herein as “Fractional Bidders”) to aggregate their bids in real-time and consolidate them for entry into the Auction for the Artwork. These Fractional Bidders compete amongst themselves for allocations of shares in the Artwork if they are successful which ultimately become Class A Shares if the Closing of the Offering occurs. They also compete with “100% Bidders” who desire ownership of the Artwork in its entirety. As a result, the true market demand for the Artwork can be determined.

 

The Auction Platform is designed to mirror the traditional auction process as closely as possible.  The Auction will be conducted so as to accept a singular bid akin to traditional English auctions.  The aShareX system increments the price as each Price Bucket is filled by either a “Valid Bid” (as defined below) by Fractional Bidders, or a bid by a 100% Bidder.  Bidding continues until a Price Bucket cannot be filled to 100%, at which point the Auction for the potential investors ends.  The process is designed to be fair, simple and rely on the participants’ existing understanding of how traditional auctions are conducted.

  

As defined above, Fractional Bidders create a Valid Bid when they have aggregated sufficient Fractional Bids such that the summation of their Shares at the current Price Bucket equals the total number of Shares offered. A partially filled Price Bucket is not a Valid Bid and will be given no standing if a 100% Bid is received prior to the Fractional Bidders filling the current Price Bucket. Once 100% of the Shares are bid for, no additional bids at that price will be accepted. Only the first Valid Bid or 100% Bid at a given price will be accepted.

 

Upon completion of the Auction, the successful bidders will pay, in addition to the Hammer Price (namely the final bid price), a Buyer’s Premium (namely a commission charged by the Auction House), applicable taxes and the Sourcing Fee. The Fractional Bidders will have complete visibility of these cost items in making incremental bids of the Hammer Price. Since the Auction House will ship the Artwork, if purchased by a Series, by common carrier to a state imposing little or no sales or use tax, such as Delaware, and store it there, the taxes imposed on the purchase of the Artwork should not be significant.

 

 
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Sample Auction Platform Dashboard*

 

 

 

Key:

 

1.

A picture of the artwork being auctioned with a valuation range provided by the auction house

 

2.

A graph of the demand from Fractional Bidders at the current Bid Level

 

3.

The most recent Bid. If the auction were to stop now, this Bid would win the Auction.

 

4.

The history of all Bids placed in the Auction

 

5.

A live video feed of the auctioneer

 

6.

A message bar providing the Bidder with all necessary information

 

7.

Input field for Fractional Bid Amounts

 

8.

Fractional Bid Types

 

9.

Summary Bid Information and Bid Submit Button

 

*Dashboard is subject to change at the Company’s discretion.

 

Spending Limit; Limit Bids. Prior to the Auction, the Company will assign to each bidder a spending limit, which is the maximum amount that he or she can spend in the Auction, taking into account the Buyer’s Premium, taxes and Sourcing Fee. The spending limit is set based on the financial restrictions imposed on non-Accredited Investors and the liquidity and net worth of the investor based on the financial information provided to Dalmore and the Company. Non-Accredited Investors must self-attest that they will not bid an amount exceeding 10% of the greater of their net worth or annual household income per the investment limitations set by Regulation A, Tier 2. Benefit Plan Investors as a group may not submit bids that exceed 24.9% of the available Shares for the Artwork. The Auction Platform is designed to reject bids if spending or investment limitations are exceeded. Subject to the spending limitations imposed by the Company, both Fractional Bidders and 100% Bidders can place pre-auction Limit Bids.

 

aShareX Auction Participation. aShareX, the Managing Member, the Asset Manager and the other aShareX Parties may not participate in the Auction given the non-public information they may possess concerning pre-bidding (including Limit Bids) and bidding as the Auction progresses. This is true even when we organize and conduct the Auction without use of a traditional Auction House. In such capacity, we will be functioning as an auctioneer with respect to Artwork we hold on consignment for the Seller, and apart from the right to receive a standard Buyer’s Premium or possibly a Seller’s Commission, we will not otherwise have an economic interest in the Artwork or the proceeds thereof.

  

Concluding an Auction. The Auction ends when the current Price Bucket amount has not reached full participation either by a 100% Bidder or Fractional Bidders. The auctioneer controls the length of time that a Price Bucket may be open and can end the auction when they believe that providing additional time will lead to no additional bids. The winning price, or Hammer Price, is the highest Price Bucket that was filled.

 

 
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The post-auction process is determined by whether a 100% Bidder or Fractional Bidders win(s). If a 100% Bidder wins the Auction, it will pay for and possess the Artwork, its ownership will not be fractionalized into Class A Shares and the Offering will terminate. Conversely, if Fractional Bidders win the auction, the Auction Platform automatically determines which Fractional Bids won and how many Class A Shares will be allocated to each Fractional Bidder. All Fractional Bidders pay the same winning price per Class A Share.

 

Unsuccessful Closing. After the allocation of Shares to the winning Fractional Bidders, the Managing Member will proceed to close the Offering by soliciting the execution of Subscription Agreements and the funding of the Offering Price for the Class A Shares to be issued to Investors submitting a Winning Bid, and attending to the issuance of the Class A Shares to such Investors upon the Closing of the Offering. The Company anticipates the Closing will take place within 35 days of the Auction. In the event that any winning Fractional Bidder does not pay for, or otherwise defaults on, its payment for its allocated Class A Shares, or its Subscription Agreement is rejected for any reason, the affected Class A Shares will be allocated (i) first, to the seller of the Artwork if it declines to reduce the Purchase Price for the Artwork to compensate for the reduced funding, but accepts Class A Shares instead, (ii) second, to the other winning Fractional Bidders based on their Class A Shares (or as they otherwise agree), (iii) third, to aShareX or any other aShareX affiliates (although they may not purchase as a group more than 10% of the Class A Shares to be issued in the Offering), and (iv) finally to third parties with a preference to registered aShareX users, including those who participated in the Auction but whose bids were unsuccessful. If the Managing Member is unsuccessful in obtaining the needed funding through the foregoing mechanism, the Offering will not close, and amounts funded by the potential investors to the Escrow Agent will be returned to them without deduction (other than for credit card and wire fees incurred by the Company in receiving the funds).

 

Liquidity Platform

 

Secondary Brokerage Agreement.  On February 7, 2023, the Company and Dalmore entered into an Agreement (the “Secondary Brokerage Agreement”), pursuant to which Dalmore, as the executing broker (in such capacity, the “Executing Broker”), will perform certain services in support of, and be responsible for executing, the secondary trading of Class A Shares.  As compensation, the Executing Broker will receive 2% of the gross proceeds paid in each secondary sales transaction in which it is the executing broker dealer (1.0% from the buyer and 1.0% from the seller).    The facilitation of resale transactions is accomplished periodically (as described below) through the Executing Broker’s role as a registered broker-dealer member of the PPEX ATS, a broker-dealer registered with the SEC and as a member of FINRA and SIPC.  

  

Overview of Trading Platform. The Company and North Capital have entered into a PPEX ATS Company Agreement, dated [     ], to facilitate the secondary transfer of Class A Shares on the Trading Platform (referred to also as the “PPEX ATS”). The PPEX ATS was established in the fourth quarter of 2021 as a venue for secondary trading of security interests and provides Investors an efficient means to buy and sell Class A Shares, subject to restrictions under state and federal securities laws and the transfer restrictions listed in the Operating Agreement. Neither aShareX nor its affiliates facilitate, execute or transmit transfers of Class A Shares through the Trading Platform. Trades of Class A Shares matched on the PPEX ATS are intended to comply with Blue Sky laws either through a manual exemption in states where available, through a direct filing with the state securities regulators where required, or as isolated non-issuer transactions. The Class A Shares of each Series will be identified by a unique CUSIP number.

 

Frequency of Facilitation. Investors can submit bid and ask quotes on the Investor Platform during normal business at least once a month (and more frequently if demand requires) and the Executing Broker will submit them for potential matching. Orders are matched by the PPEX ATS and executed through the Executing Broker in accordance with the rules established by the PPEX ATS. Before a bid can be matched, the proposed purchaser must deposit funds sufficient to effect the trade (including its share of the Executing Broker’s commission) with Dwolla which operates as a form of brokerage account. After the orders are matched, the Executing Broker will provide instructions regarding the transfer of Class A Shares between Investor accounts to the Managing Member and Transfer Agent who will clear and close the transfers during normal business hours. When a trade is executed, the appropriate information is given to the affected parties through the Investor Platform. For executed trades, the Managing Member will instruct (a) the Transfer Agent to transfer the Class A Shares to the buyer, and (ii) Dwolla, the third-party holder of the proceeds, to transfer the funds to the seller. The Executing Broker does not itself settle trades.

 

 
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User Interface and Role of the Platform. For the purposes of facilitating secondary transactions in the Class A Shares, the Investor Platform will serve as the user interface through which Investors communicate with and receive information and instructions from the Executing Broker. All activity related to the execution of trades is to be originated by the selling or purchasing Investors and communicated directly through the Investor Platform to the Executing Broker. None of the aShareX Parties or any of the Company Group Members acts as a broker-dealer or routes orders to the Executing Broker or the Transfer Agent, and none of them, nor the Executing Broker and North Capital, provides direction or makes recommendations as to the transaction. In addition, none of the aShareX or its affiliates , the Company Group Members, or North Capital, as owner and operator of the PPEX ATS, will ever have custody of an Investor’s Class A Shares or the cash used in payment, and all transfers of cash and securities are performed by Dwolla and the Transfer Agent, respectively.

 

Agreements Relating to the PPEX ATS.  The Company has entered into an [Agreement], dated _________,  with North Capital (the “PPEX ATS Company Agreement”) providing for North Capital to review the Company’s governing documents, offering materials and regulatory filings to assure that the PPEX ATS may serve as an available venue for potential resale transactions.    The fees for the PPEX ATS will be paid by the Asset Manager.

  

Software and License Agreement. On January 19, 2023, the Managing Member entered into a Software and Services License Agreement with North Capital Investment Technology, Inc. (“NCIT”), the parent company of North Capital, pursuant to which the Company is licensed to use certain technology to facilitate the operation of the Investor Platform with the PPEX ATS as described above. The Asset Manager will pay for the monthly license fee to NCIT.

 

Asset Manager Compensation.  In consideration of (i) the Asset Manager’s operation and maintenance of the Investor Platform as a user interface to display information to the Class A Members and allow them to post ask and bid requests, (ii) its payment of the fees for Dwolla, the Transfer Agent, North Capital and NCIT for their services under the agreements discussed above, and (iii) its coordination with the various parties to facilitate the trades, the Asset Manager will receive a fee equal to 3% of the original Offering Price of the Class A share subject to the trade, payable 1.5% by each of the buyer and seller to the trade.   This is in addition to the other compensation received by the Asset Manager from the Company as compensation for its other services to the Company, as described in greater detail below under “Asset Manager-Compensation”.

   

Protection of the Artwork

 

Title to each piece of Artwork purchased by a Series will be held by an SP established by Cayman for the benefit of the Series. The Series will be the sole owner of the SP and the SP will be the owner of the Artwork which will be insured and stored in the United States. The Asset Manager will attend to all of the day-to-day operations of the Series and its SP in preserving, maintaining, displaying and holding the Artwork for value appreciation. The Asset Manager intends to store the Artwork in a manner that prioritizes its ongoing security, in a professional, temperature-controlled facility and in accordance with standards commonly expected when managing fine artwork of equivalent value, and always as recommended by the Managing Member in consultation with the Advisory Board. The facility will be monitored by staff, under constant video surveillance, and inspected on a periodic basis in accordance with a pre-agreed schedule. From time to time, the Artwork may be displayed or exhibited by loan to a museum, gallery or private party, and in such cases, the Asset Manager will ensure that the Artwork is handled, transported and exhibited with the appropriate care and insurance coverage to minimize loss. The Asset Manager will use commercially reasonable measures in attending to such tasks. If the Artwork is displayed or exhibited, it will be done so only if the counterparty pays for all expenses associated with the display (including transportation, security, display costs and insurance). The Asset Manager may also receive a reasonable fee from such counterparty for arranging for, negotiating the terms of, and overseeing such transaction.

 

 
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Revenues and Expenses

 

It is not expected that the Series or SP will generate any significant revenues or expenses prior to the sale of the Artwork. Except for the fees to the Broker paid by the Managing Member, all Offering and Operating Expenses will be paid by the Asset Manager from the proceeds of the Sourcing Fee and then from its own resources. If Extraordinary Expenses are incurred by a Series or SP, the Managing Member may elect to fund such expenses through loans made to the Series or SP, as applicable, charging interest at the then Prime Rate plus two percentage points. The Managing Member may also engage a commercial lender to fund the loan at market rates. All loans for Extraordinary Expenses shall be repaid upon the sale of the Artwork or from the proceeds generated by the issuance of additional Class A Shares.

 

Sale of the Artwork

 

The Artwork held by each Series may be sold prior to the sixth year following its acquisition only if a compelling offer is received and it is recommended by the Managing Member and approved by a Majority Vote. The Class A Members, by a Majority Vote, may cause the Managing Member to consummate a sale of the Artwork in either the sixth or seventh years following its acquisition. If a prior sale has not been so approved, the Managing Member must sell the Artwork in the eighth year (although the consummation of the transaction may extend into the first few months of the following year). The Managing Member will make every effort to distribute the Net Sales Proceeds in the year it is sold as part of a liquidating distribution of the Series and its SP. The Managing Member shall use commercially reasonable efforts to effect the sale of the Artwork at favorable prices and terms, but otherwise in its sole discretion (provided that any such sale shall only be for cash). The sale may be effected through a public auction or private sale, and if through a public auction, the Managing Member may form an investor group, including Class A members who wish to retain indirect ownership in the Artwork, to bid as a group using the Auction Platform.

 

The Art Market

 

Background. The global art market is comprised of a network of auction houses, dealers, galleries, advisors, agents, individual collectors, museums, public institutions, and various experts and service providers engaged in the purchase and sale of unique and collectible works of art. We estimate that the total value of artwork held by private collectors is approximately $1.7 trillion, based on data included in the Deloitte Art and Finance Report 2019. Over the past decade, total annual art sales have ranged from $50.1 billion to $68.2 billion and have grown at a 5.1% compound annual growth rate from 1995 through 2020. It is viewed as having a low correlation to the S&P 500 (estimates of - .03 to .19) and to interest rates. More fundamentally, it has returned 8% per annum since 1972, and 5.5% per annum since 2002. Surprisingly, the art market only constitutes an average of 2% of an investor’s portfolio.

 

While art collectors can enjoy the aesthetic and societal benefits of art ownership and patronage, works of art can equally be valuable assets that deliver financial, as well as emotional rewards to their owners. Art has often acted as a store of wealth, with price appreciation in excess of U.S. consumer price inflation over the long term. Many of those who collect art therefore do so with an eye upon its investment potential as well as its aesthetic appeal. Put simply, art can be considered an investable asset class.

 

In general, art as an investment bears the following characteristics:

 

 

·

Demand for artwork generally coincides with wealth creation among the global ultra-high-net-worth community.

 

·

Supply of artwork, particularly at the high-end of the market, is relatively fixed or otherwise scarce.

 

·

Art is an internationally marketable good that can be transacted in any locale or currency.

 

·

Art is a tangible, mobile store of value without a currency-specific denomination nor tied to a financial cash-flow.

 

Current Trends. The prevailing narrative that has surrounded the art market is its resurgence to pre-pandemic levels and its continued strength in the face of cooling headwinds. Collectors, hungry as ever, spent more and at higher prices, dealers fully rebounded, and art fairs were once again alive with the hustle and bustle of a more carefree era. Art Basel & UBS’s 2021 Art Market Report revealed that auction sales boomed 45% above 2020, and even as 2022 drew to a close, the music kept playing. Artnet News’ Fall 2022 Intelligence Report states that despite the chilling climate, the total art market has remained at the same level of its equivalent 2021 counterpart.

 

 
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Art Basel and UBS’s end-of-year Global Collector survey for 2022, performed during the major fall fair season, attempts to solidify this narrative. Clare McAndrew, the report’s author, surmises that collectors “undoubtedly feel that art is a relative safe haven or store of value in turbulent financial times.” This is supported by their finding that spending has increased on average since 2019 at all market levels among high-net-worth collectors. Further, the greatest growth in collector spending habits during 2022 was seen in the share of collectors making purchases over $1 million, doubling from 10% to 23%. Additionally, online sales continue to be strong despite the return of in-person events, with 37% of collectors preferring to buy online, the highest ever level.

 

Throughout 2022, the market maintained the reverberations of excitement from the previous year. Much of its success has been carried by a fortunate series of generational auction events, offering to the public previously unseen masterpieces, and the desire for ultra-contemporary art was extremely fervent, with many blaring the horn of speculation.

 

Last year, both Sotheby’s and Christie’s officially posted their highest sales records of all-time at a combined $16.4 billion. Sotheby’s in particular credited the “fresh to market single-owner collections” for this success, spearheaded by the Macklowe Collection sale, the second part of which took place earlier in the year. Christie’s similarly achieved their record-setting results with the Paul Allen sale in November, an historic $1.6 billion blockbuster comprised of elite, never-before-seen masterpieces by blue chip artists.

 

These results highlight the trend toward more expensive artworks, mirroring the increase in wealth seen amongst the world’s billionaires since the start of the pandemic. In fact, according to the 2022 Artnet Fall Intelligence Report, the only price bracket to see an increase in total sales year over year was for works worth more than $10 million, which increased almost 30%. This ultra-high-end segment of the market has experienced enormous gains since the last recession in 2008, with 600% sales growth by value and a 438% increase in lots sold by 2021, according to Art Basel & UBS’s annual Art Market Report for 2021.

 

On the other end of the spectrum, sales figures for artworks created in just the past twenty years – which all fall under the genre of Ultra-Contemporary - have more than doubled in value from 2020 to 2021, with the genre itself tripling in sales since 2019. Known colloquially as “red-chip” art (from the game of poker meaning less than “blue”), these wet canvases and the young artists who created them have served to fill the void brought on by increasing wealth meeting increasing scarcity and competition at the high end.

 

Despite these welcoming trends we remain alert to potentially speculative periods and steadfast against encroaching headwinds. To parrot the popular euphemism, “winter is coming.” While the art market remains strong, especially in comparison to mainstream markets, there are a few signs which should give pause.

 

When accounting for only art and luxury sales, the record posted by Sotheby’s is actually down 7% on the equivalent year. The Fall auctions in November that followed the record-setting Allen Collection saw uncharacteristic caution, with many high-tier lots selling for near the low estimate, and a few sales missing the total aggregate low estimate completely. Ultra-contemporary art, one of the fastest-growing sectors of the market in recent years, showed the smallest year-on-year growth according to Artnet News’ report, and many of the young art market darlings who saw unprecedented rises during the past year have experienced increasing contraction in their sales prices.

 

Our selectivity and diligence give us confidence that the artworks we choose to digest are neither spoiled nor frothed, but the crème de la crème. This is especially true given a market that is simultaneously witnessing new to market, ultra-high-end artworks and reverberations of the boom in younger artists. The cream will always rise to the top, as blue-chip staples prove their fitness and collectors consolidate the fresher canvases.

 

According to Artnet News’ Fall 2022 Intelligence Report, Impressionist and Modern art overtook the postwar and contemporary category as the biggest moneymaker for the first time since 2019, with $3.3 billion in sales. This was due primarily to the new-to-market stock of the Paul Allen sale, which facilitated all-time records for several artists in the category including Van Gogh, Cézanne, and Gauguin.

 

Old Masters remain the least volatile and stable segment in terms of volume, whereas the yearly value in sales is driven primarily by activity at the high end. The presence or absence of highly priced works for sale determines the annual trend, due in part to the general scarcity of high-quality masterpieces that appear on the market. Such a situation underscores the desirability of top-tier, high-end artworks, and subsequently the benefits of being selective in choosing the right piece.

 

 
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While complete overview for the entire 2022 year is pending with reports to come in early 2023, it is safe to say that quality will always reign supreme, as collectors remain hungry amidst the exclusivity of blue-chip artwork. Further, in their performance review for the year, Sotheby’s said its financial services division saw a 50% portfolio increase compared with 2021, driven by a 30% expansion in its client base.

 

Impact of Pandemic. In 2020, the art market experienced a significant transformation in the wake of COVID-19, a global pandemic that impacted economies across the world. After the disruption to the traditional schedule of in-person art fairs and public auctions, the art market demonstrated resilience in the global demand for auction-grade fine art. Art market participants responded by re-shuffling sales calendars, re-imagining marquee auction sales formats, extending sales outposts beyond traditional big city locations and aggressively promoting online sales.

 

These efforts combined to mute the overall market impact of COVID in 2020 and led to a strong rebound in activity in the second half of 2020. Following a 49% fall in sales volume in the first half of 2020 (including postponed spring sales that took place in early July), the second half rebounded strongly with total sales of $4.5 billion, a 56% increase from the first half of 2020 and a 4.5% increase from the same pre-COVID period of 2019. The first half of 2021 continued this rebound, with $5.9 billion in public auction sales (as measured by ArtTactic). The growth in online sales during the pandemic has continued, with online auction sales at $670.6 million through June 30, 2021, up from $394.7 million and $69.0 million for the comparable periods in 2020 and 2019, respectively.

 

While global auction sales by Christie’s, Sotheby’s and Phillips totaled $5.9 billion in the first half of 2021, a 105% increase from the comparable period in 2020, the Impressionist, Modern, Post-War and Contemporary segments of the auction market comprised nearly 65% of public auction sales for the period.

 

In 2020, the Post-War and Contemporary segment of the art market also continued to gain market share, accounting for 55% of the value of public auction sales, up from 53% in 2019. Based on The Art Market Report 2021, published jointly by Art Basel and UBS, global art sales totaled $50.1 billion in 2020. While global art sales were down 22% in 2020 as compared to 2019, the year-over-year decline was less severe than in 2009, when, largely as a result of the financial crisis, sales fell by 36% compared to 2008, and global art sales in 2020 remained well above the 2009 level of $39.5 billion.

 

In general, the global art market is influenced by the overall strength and stability of the global economy, geopolitical conditions, capital markets and world events, all of which may affect the willingness of potential buyers and sellers to purchase and sell art. While the global art market is large, its exact size is unknown and statistical data is inconsistent. Much of the uncertainty stems from differing estimates of the size of the private dealer and gallery market, which is based on survey data, but disparities also exist in reported auction sales.

 

Observations on the Historical Progression of Art Prices. The following are general observations based on a repeat-sales index of historical art market prices computed based on a value-weighted basis and focused on the Post-War & Contemporary Art category, as developed by aShareX, and we believe these characteristics present the investment case for art as a possible risk diversifier:

 

 

·

The Post-War & Contemporary Art category showed price appreciation at an estimated annualized rate of 13.6% from the year ended December 31, 1995 to June 30, 2021, versus 9.5% for the S&P 500 Index (includes dividends reinvested) for the same period.

 

·

Correlation factor of (.10) between Post-War & Contemporary Art and the S&P 500 Index based on annual price performance from the year ended December 31, 1995 to June 30, 2021.

 

·

Resilience of art market transaction volume through periods of financial stress (e.g., 2001-2, 2008-9, 2020).

 

 
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Art Appraisals, Valuation, and Auction Estimates.  The fair market value of art and other unique collectibles is generally assessed by expert appraisers using relative valuation techniques by analyzing historical comparative transactions involving similar works, characteristics of the specific work, supply and demand factors, subjective perceptions of value, among other factors.  However, there is no efficient market that determines the price of an artwork and there is no standardized art valuation methodology.  Complicating the matter is that there is tremendous variability in the market value of individual artworks by any given artist.  These differences are influenced by the perceived quality of the work, materials, condition, color, size, subject matter, provenance and other factors.  Auction houses generally estimate the sale price of an artwork prior to conducting a sale.  Such sale estimates are intended to provide general guidance to potential bidders regarding the expected price outcome of the artwork, however estimates may not be “arm’s length” and are often negotiated with the selling party.  Therefore, they cannot be used as unbiased guidelines in determining the value of an artwork.

   

Private and Gallery Sales. The private art market is made up of a network of galleries, dealers, art fairs and other intermediaries that sell artwork in privately negotiated transactions, in which transactions are generally not publicly reported. Galleries and other intermediaries that sell high end art have extensive relationships with artists, critics, collectors and others in the art market and are often driven by self-interested objectives, such as enhancing the reputation and market value of artists they represent or the market value of their inventory. Accordingly, galleries can be highly selective in determining which collectors are permitted to purchase from them, preferring those who are likely to hold works for a long period of time and enhance the provenance of a piece. Most private and gallery sales are confidential. Sellers generally determine pricing in private sales in which the dealer or gallery acts as an intermediary in negotiating a transaction with a buyer.

 

According to the 2020 Art Basel Report, auction sales accounted for an estimated 38% of total sales by dollar volume in 2019, as compared to approximately 43% in 2018, with the balance accounted for by the private market. Auction houses are also increasingly participating in the private market, brokering non-auction sales transactions. The relative size of the private dealer and gallery market as compared to the auction market tends to shift based on overall market sentiment, where market optimism tends to bolster auction sales.

 

Auction Sales. The auction market is made of a global and regional auction houses that conduct regular sales of artwork and other collectibles in a public auction format, as well as provide other art-related services. In general, the auction market is more transparent and more open than the private sales market as sale prices are determined through open competition, in which any qualified individual can participate and potentially buy the offered work. Interested buyers place sequential, ascending bids in a format referred to by economists as an English Auction. Bidders determine the price of the art in an auction sale, though the consignor typically sets a reserve floor price, or “reserve”, below which it would be unwilling to sell the work. A low and high estimate of the sale price is set by the auction house, with the consignor’s input, based on a variety of factors, including the prior sales history, market factors, supply considerations and the reserve price floor. If a consignor does not agree with the estimate range proposed by the auction house, it can withdraw the consignment. Auction houses frequently set estimates at lower levels to either entice bidders to participate or potential consignors to offer their work at auction. Thus, estimates should not necessarily be viewed as proxies for determining market value.

 

The price at which an auctioneer declares an item sold at a public auction, referred to as the “Hammer Price,” does not reflect either the amount realized by a consignor or the price paid by a buyer. In addition to the Hammer Price, the successful bidder must pay the so-called “Buyer’s Premium,” which is effectively a commission on the sale that generally ranges between 14.5% and 26% of the Hammer Price. For purposes of this Agreement, the aggregate amount of the Hammer Price and the Buyer’s Premium are considered the “Purchase Price” for the Artwork. The economics received by a consignor in an auction can vary widely. For works of relatively low value, consignors may also be required to pay a seller’s commission to the auction house. For higher value works, consignors often pay no commissions and may be entitled to receive a portion of the buyer’s premium, if not the full amount of the purchase price.

 

The public nature of auction sales can pose certain risks for consignors. A work that fails to sell at auction as a result of not attracting a bid in excess of the reserve price, will often be much harder to sell in the future. The rate at which artwork fails to sell at public auction, referred to as the “buy-in rate,” is generally around 30%, according to publicly available data. The value of an artwork is highly subjective, so a failure to sell a piece at auction is damaging to the perceived value of the work, a concept referred to the art industry as “burning” the work.

 

 
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In order to attract high-value consignments, an auction house may offer a guaranteed minimum price to a consignor. In exchange, the consignor agrees, if the final sale is in excess of the guaranteed amount, to pay the auction house a certain percentage of sale proceeds above the guaranteed amount. To offset the risk of a sale below the amount guaranteed to the consignor, an auction house may also secure a minimum guaranteed bid from a potential buyer, also known as a “third-party guarantee” or “irrevocable bid”. These guarantees effectively provide certainty that a successful sale will occur. The economic terms of guarantees and irrevocable bids are not typically disclosed and can vary widely based on negotiations between the relevant parties.

 

Auction Houses publicly report total sale prices that reflect the Hammer Price (i.e. the price at which the auctioneer declared the winning bid), plus the Buyer’s Premium, but tend to exclude applicable taxes, fees and royalties, which are typically paid by the purchaser. The Buyer’s Premium schedule is published by the auction house and is updated or revised periodically. The Buyer’s Premium (inclusive of any additional “Overhead Premium,” if applicable) for the New York salesroom of each of the major auction houses as of the date of this Offering Circular is as follows (percentages and USD amounts relate to the Hammer Price):

 

Sotheby’s

Christie’s

Phillips

 

 

 

26% up to and including $400,000

25% up to and including $600,000

26% up to and including $600,000

21% from $400,001 to $4.0 million

20% from $600,001 to $6.0 million

21% from $600,001 to $6.0 million

14.9% above $4.0 million

14.5% above $6.0 million

14.5% above $6.0 million

 

The amount of the published sale price a consignor receives is typically reduced by all or a portion of the Buyer’s Premium and, in some cases a sales commission. The percentage of the Buyer’s Premium received by the consignor, if any, and the amount of any sales commission payable by the consignor, if any, are negotiated between the consignor and the auction house and vary widely depending on a number of factors, including the value and importance of the specific work, whether the work is sold as an individual piece or part of a larger collection, anticipated demand levels and other factors. For high value items, auction houses often waive the sales commission and rebate a portion of the Buyer’s Premium to the consignor, which is commonly referred to in the industry as an “enhanced hammer.”

 

Auction Houses do not publicly report the economic terms of transactions with consignors, so the Company cannot determine with any degree of confidence what percentage of a sale price would be received by the Company upon a subsequent sale of the Artwork. In addition, the economics receivable by a seller are less favorable if the work is subject to a pre-auction guaranty. Based on experience, we believe that it would be reasonable to expect that the net pre-tax cash proceeds receivable by the Company in an auction sale would be approximately 80% to 90% of the published sale price, however, the net result could fall outside of this range. The existence of any such guarantee arrangement would provide greater certainty of success at auction, but could reduce the sales proceeds received by the Company.

 

Art Market Regulation. Art as tangible personal property is subject to regulation under different city, state and federal statutory schemes. Generally, domestic art transactions that are conducted within the United States are subject to state Uniform Commercial Code statutes, which govern the sale of goods. Some states have additionally enacted art specific legislation, such as New York’s Arts and Cultural Affairs Law and California’s Resale Royalty Act. In addition, federal statutes such as the Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act and the National Stolen Property Act can apply to title disputes in the art market context. International art transactions involving the import and export of art into and out of the United States will subject us to the rules and regulations established by the United States Customs and Border Protection. Further, we will be subject to the requirements of the federal Cultural Property Implementation Act which is the United States’ accession legislation for the 1970 United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) cop which protects countries’ cultural property, including artwork. New York City, as a major art auction center, has enacted legislation governing the activities of auctioneers in the New York City Administrative Code and aShareX may be subject to these regulations through its transactions and financing arrangements with auctioneers.

 

 
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Historical Art Price Indices. The historical performance of prices in the art market can be estimated using different techniques and is generally derived from publicly available auction sales results. General statistical summaries of past prices, such as historical average or median prices, can provide a broad sense of price direction across the art market or for a specific artist. However, given that the supply of art transacted in any given period is not homogenous, changes in average or median prices from period-to-period may not be reflective of changes in the underlying value of the artwork, but may reflect varying quality or other characteristics that were present in the artwork sold.

 

Art market indices provide an alternative means to gauge market performance. A number of techniques have been developed in this regard. A repeat-sales-based index follows a methodology similar to that used to estimate home price appreciation, most notably through the S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller Index. The best-known repeat-sales index for the art market is the Sotheby’s Mei Moses, which was originally developed in 2002 by New York University Stern School of Business Professors Jianping Mei, PhD and Michael Moses, PhD, and was later acquired by Sotheby’s in 2016. The Sotheby’s Mei Moses indices factor in differing levels of quality, size, color, maker, and aesthetics of a work of art by analyzing repeat sales. Another methodology is the hedonic price index, which estimates the historical progression of prices based on analysis of all available transactions and controlling for certain “hedonic” characteristics, such as artist name, dimension, medium, art category, among others. The use of these techniques, among others, provides insight into the behavior of art as an investment.

 

Employees

 

None of the Company Group Members, are expected to have employees inasmuch as their day-to-day operations will be administered by the Asset Manager.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

There are no legal proceedings currently pending against us which would have a material effect on our business, financial position or results of operations and, to the best of our knowledge, there are no such legal proceedings contemplated or threatened.  It is possible that the Company Group Members will find themselves involved in litigation, in which case it will be wholly reliant on the Managing Member to address and resolve the litigation.  If the Managing Member settles a case or receives an adverse judgment, it must then either lend funds or arrange for financing from a commercial lender to satisfy the obligation and any such loan will be considered a loan for Extraordinary Expenses.

  

Property

 

The Asset Manager currently intends to lease space in a purpose built, secure, temperature-controlled storage facility in Delaware for the purposes of storing Artwork in a highly controlled environment, other than when it is being utilized for marketing or similar purposes.

  

The Managing Member and Asset Manager are located at 10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150, Los Angeles, California 90024.

 

We believe that all our properties have been adequately maintained, are generally in good condition, and are suitable and adequate for our business.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

We were formed as a Delaware series limited liability company to facilitate fractionalized investment in fine art. To that end we establish each Series to acquire Artwork purchased by Investors through bidding on the Auction Platform. We have not conducted any operations prior to the date of this Offering Circular and we have no (or nominal) assets or liabilities. Moreover, each Series’ sole activity will be to hold the stock in an SP established by Cayman for holding title to the Artwork. We have described below certain critical accounting policies that we intend to adopt following our acquisition of the Artwork. We have engaged an auditor to audit our financial statements after the qualification of this Offering by the SEC. Following the Closing, we will include audited financial statements in our annual reports with the SEC on Form 1-K containing our and each Series’ financial statements for such fiscal year, presented in accordance with GAAP, including a balance sheet and statements of operations, equity and cash flows, with such statements having been audited by an accounting firm we select. The discussion below is based on each Series and the SP it owns filing consolidated financial statements. In accordance with ASC 810-10, the Company intends to file consolidated financial statements with Cayman, each Series or each SP, and it will also file separate financial statements consolidating the results of each Series and its SP.

 

 
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The preparation of our financial statements in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) will be based on the selection and application of accounting policies that require us to make significant estimates and assumptions about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. We consider the accounting policies discussed below to be critical to the understanding of our post-Offering financial statements. Actual results could differ from our estimates and assumptions, and any such differences could be material to our financial statements.

 

Investment in the Artwork

 

Upon acquisition, the Artwork will be recorded on the Series’ books at its original cost basis—essentially its Acquisition Cost. Artwork is determined to have an indefinite life and thus its cost basis is not amortizable or depreciable. The Company will review the Artwork for impairment in accordance with the requirements of ASC 360-10, Impairment and Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“ASC 360”). These requirements will obligate the Company to perform an impairment analysis whenever events indicate that the carrying amount of the Artwork might not be fully recoverable. If it is determined that an impairment loss must be recorded it will be calculated based on the difference between the then carrying amount of the Artwork and its estimated fair value. Any such impairment analysis will depend in substantial part on the annual third party valuation of the Artwork commissioned by the Managing Member and included with the Company’s annual SEC filings.

 

Contingencies

 

We and each Series may be subject to lawsuits, investigations and claims (some of which may involve substantial dollar amounts) that can arise out of our normal business operations. We would continually assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to our contingencies, as well as potential amounts or ranges of probable losses, and recognize a liability, if any, for these contingencies based on a thorough analysis of each matter with the assistance of outside legal counsel and, if applicable, other experts. Because most contingencies are resolved over long periods of time, liabilities may change in the future due to new developments (including new discovery of facts, changes in legislation and outcomes of similar cases through the judicial system), changes in assumptions or changes in our settlement strategy.

 

Income Taxes

 

We expect that Cayman will not be subject to any U.S. or Cayman Islands taxes, and that the Company will be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and not as an association or publicly traded partnership subject to tax as a corporation. As a partnership, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. As such, the profits and losses of the Series for each taxable year will be reported by the Company on its federal income tax return, and each Class A Member that is subject to U.S. tax will be required to report to the IRS its distributive share of the Series’ profits and losses for the applicable taxable year See Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations.” The Managing Member will have the authority to act on the Company’s behalf with respect to tax audits and certain other tax matters and to make such elections under the Internal Revenue Code and other relevant tax laws as the Managing Member deems necessary or appropriate.

 

Future Obligations

 

As of the date of this Offering Circular, the Company has no liabilities, commitments or obligations. We and the Asset Manager believe that the Sourcing Fee is sufficient for the Asset Manager to perform its obligations to pay all of the Operating Expenses of the Company Group Members through the date the associated Artwork is sold. We do not expect a need to raise any additional funds through the issuance of securities for any Series in the foreseeable future and we are not permitted to do so under the Operating Agreement without first obtaining approval of a Majority Vote, excluding, however, the issuance of Class A Shares to repay loans funded to pay Extraordinary Expenses. The Asset Manager is required to maintain additional cash reserves (taking into account the Sourcing Fee) sufficient to fund all of the Operating Expenses incurred by the Series and each SP prior to the sale of the Artwork.

 

 
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Commitments from Managing Member to Fund Class A Shares Offering Expenses, and Related Expenses

 

The Offering Expenses associated with each Offering shall be paid by the Managing Member or Asset Manager rather than from the net proceeds of the Offering. None of these Offering Expenses are reimbursable by any member of the Company.

 

MANAGEMENT

 

Managing Member

 

The Managing Member, by virtue of its ownership of the Class B Shares in a Series and its rights under the Operating Agreement, controls the operations of the Company Group Members, and it directs the Asset Manager in the performance of its day-to-day management duties of those entities. The Managing Member is guided in these matters by its Board of Directors and Advisory Board.

 

Executive Officers and Members of the Board of Directors

 

As of the date of this Offering Circular, the following individuals serve on the Managing Member’s Board of Directors (and also serve as members of Cayman’s Board of Directors):

 

Name

 

Age

 

Position

 

Term of Office

Alan Snyder

 

76

 

Board Member, CEO

 

Inception

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eric Arinsburg

 

42

 

Board Member; CFO

 

Inception

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

J. Nicholson Thomas

 

70

 

Board Member, General Counsel

 

Inception

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kevin Hughes

 

62

 

Chief Information Officer

 

Inception

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ryan Johnston

 

43

 

Chief Marketing Officer

 

Inception

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

John Smith

 

22

 

Associate Product Managing Member

 

Inception

 

As discussed above, each of our officers is employed by aShareX, not the Company. aShareX does not provide services exclusively to the Company, and each of our officers and directors has business interests outside of aShareX, as described in greater detail under “Risk Factors - Risks Relating to Potential Conflicts of Interest”. Given the limited nature of our operations, the amount of time required from our officers will vary significantly, and we believe each provides appropriate time to the Company alongside their other responsibilities.

 

There are no family relationships between any director, executive officer or any significant employee.

 

The Executive Officers and Key Employees of aShareX (who effectively serve similar functions for the Asset Manager and Managing Member) are as follows:

 

Alan Snyder is the founder and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of aShareX. Alan is also the Managing General Partner of Shinnecock Partners, a 33-year-old family office investment boutique, and its investment funds, including ArtLending.com, which currently manages over $96M in secured fine art lending for collectors and dealers. As part of ArtLending.com, Alan has forged relationships with the major auction houses, art dealers and fine art brokers around the world – Shinnecock Partners has access to 189 investment grade fine art works. Prior to forming aShareX, Alan was the founder, CEO, President and Chairman of Answer Financial Inc. and Insurance Answer Center, CEO of Aurora National Life Assurance, President/COO of First Executive Corporation, and Executive VP and Board Member at Dean Witter Financial (predecessor to Morgan Stanley), where, as part of a three-person team, he formulated the launch of Discover Card. He is also the former Chairman, President, and Board Member of the Western Los Angeles Boy Scout Council. Alan is a graduate of Georgetown University and Harvard Business School, where he was a Baker Scholar.

  

 
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Alan Snyder is not only the founder of aShareX, Inc. but also the founder and main principal of Shinnecock Partners, a boutique investment family office.  Shinnecock entered the fine art lending space six years ago as part of its specialty lending practice and its business is transacted through a California lender license.  The current loan book is approximately $96 million in outstanding financings distributed across 33 loans against art appraised for $260 million comprised of 192 pieces of artwork with an average value of $1.4 million.  The artwork and borrowers receive a detailed due diligence and underwriting, including valuations and examination of authenticity and provenance.  Most loans are for a duration of one year and thus are a form of inventory finance for major dealers and gallerists.  The artwork is subject to UCC filings, stored in vetted art warehouses under the lender’s control, and insured.  The art is all museum quality, for example, Picasso, Sargent, Rothko, Botero, Condo, Fontana and Titian.  Mr. Snyder and his executive team intend to apply these same principles to the acquisition and holding of the Artwork by the Company and each of its Series.

  

Eric Arinsburg, CFA is co-founder, Secretary, and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of aShareX. Prior to joining aShareX, Eric was a convertible bond arbitrage Portfolio Managing Member for CNH Partners (the arbitrage affiliate of AQR Capital) and Ayrton Capital. Additionally, he was a co-founder of CNH Finance, an asset-backed lender focusing on healthcare loans, and Source Identity, a software company specializing in data collection in the aerospace and defense supply chain. Eric has a BS in Applied Economics and Management from Cornell University and an MBA from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.

 

Kevin Hughes is Chief Information Officer (CIO) of aShareX. Prior to joining aShareX, Kevin was the founder and Managing Partner for h7i, a boutique consultancy leading enterprise-level I.T. and digital programs to facilitate fast and effective change, where he successfully implemented various technology solutions and programs for institutions including the State of California, Southern California Edison, the Judicial Branch, and the UK Ministry of Defense, as well major brands such as Adobe, Viking, Disney, Honda, Toyota, Axa, and Nestle. Kevin also served as a Subject-Matter Expert consultant for the Obama White House. Throughout his career at his and other notable UK-based global IT and tech companies, Kevin won a plethora of awards including an Addy, Andy, Webby, WOTM, and FWA. Kevin has a CS degree from Open University in England.

 

Ryan Johnston is Chief Marketing Officer (CMO) of aShareX. Ryan is the former Vice President of Marketing for WowWee Group Ltd. where he led all organizational marketing functions across a portfolio of brands, including creative development, paid media strategy, eCommerce, social media, influencers, PR, retail/trade marketing; he also oversaw WowWee’s internal creative studio and external agency partners. He further directed strategic development and implementation of WowWee’s D2C platform, encompassing both physical product and NFT sales. Ryan brings over 20 years of brand and marketing experience, having previously served as Vice President of Marketing at Sequoia Games, Chief Marketing Officer at Sweet Lady Jane Bakery, and held various marketing roles at Spin Master and Taco Bell. He holds a BA from UC San Diego and an MBA from the University of Southern California.

 

John Smith is Associate Product Managing Member at aShareX. Prior to joining aShareX, John was a Production Assistant for Litton Entertainment. He was also a Teaching Assistant for introductory statistics at Cornell University. John graduated from Cornell University with a BA in Statistical Science.

 

J. Nicholson (“Nick”) Thomas is General Counsel of aShareX.  Nick retired as a Partner from Gibson, Dunn and Crutcher LLP in 2012 where he spent over 35 years primarily focusing on corporate and tax matters.  Prior to that he achieved his CPA certificate by working in the international tax department at KPMG Peat Marwick.  After retiring from Gibson, Dunn, Nick has served as outside general counsel to a number of his former clients. Nick graduated from the University of Arizona with dual degrees in finance and accounting and from the University of Arizona College of Law.

  

Advisory Board

 

aShareX has assembled an Advisory Board to consult with the Managing Member on best practices in storing, preserving, insuring and maintaining artwork, such as the Artwork, and advising on matters associated with its eventual sale, including pricing and terms. The members of the aShareX Advisory Board include:

 

 
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Steve Scharkss is a business and technical advisor to aShareX. Steve was a Vice President and Partner at IBM. Before that, he spent eight years as a Consulting Partner for Deloitte. A leader in providing innovative solutions to business and technology, his specialization is in providing top line and bottom line improvements via enterprise and digital transformation for business and technology with global companies. He has 30+ years of consulting experience at four major firms. He covers a broad spectrum of industries and business processes with the top three being media & entertainment, manufacturing, and distribution. Steve has a BS in Accounting and Management from Lehigh University and a Finance MBA from Fairleigh Dickinson University.

 

Randy Bassett is a general management advisor to aShareX. Randy was a Corporate Partner at Latham & Watkins. His practice centered on corporate acquisitions, dispositions and corporate finance, with a particular expertise in leveraged buyouts (LBOs). In between his time in the Corporate Department as Partner, Randy served on the five-person Executive Committee overseeing the firm before simultaneously becoming Chair of the Finance and Real Estate department and Acting CFO at the same time. His primary client for a number of years was the merchant banking firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co (KKR), whom he represented in numerous acquisitions and institutional leveraged buyout funds via tender offer transactions, including Beatrice Companies and RJR Nabisco ($33 billion in combined capital raised). He also created the format for KKR’s investment funds. Randy has a BA in History from UC Berkeley and graduated Cum Laude from Harvard Law.

 

Marco Mercanti is an art advisor to aShareX. Marco is the founder and CEO of Oblyon Group. He has orchestrated over $225 million in art-secured loans on behalf of individuals, investment funds, gallerists, family offices, and private estates. He also transacted art sales for an overall value of $300 million. His expertise in deal making spans across various art categories from Antiquities to Modern Art. Marco has built a solid network within Europe, Latin America, Asia, and the US, where he can count the expertise of Museum Curators, Scholars and Experts in most fields of the art industry. Marco has a degree in Law from the University of Bologna and a Masters in International Banking Law from ESADE Business School (Barcelona).

 

Asset Manager

 

Our day-to-day operations are managed by the Asset Manager. The Asset Manager performs its duties and responsibilities pursuant to the Operating Agreement and Asset Management Agreement. The Asset Manager has the exclusive right and power to manage and operate each Series and SP, subject to oversight by the Managing Director and the limited voting rights reserved for the Class A Members under the Operating Agreement. The Asset Manager will report to the Company on a semi-annual basis its current and total assets, liabilities and equity and the Company intends to include such amounts in its SEC reports. The Asset Manager’s services are not exclusive to the Company or to any Series and it may render the same or similar services as rendered to us to any person whose business could be deemed competitive.

 

 The following summarizes some of the key provisions of the Asset Management Agreement and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the specific terms of the agreement itself which is included as Exhibit 6.1 to the Offering Statement.

 

Services. The following services will be rendered by the Assets Manager under the Asset Agreement:

 

Asset Based Services. The Asset Manager shall directly, or indirectly through one or more affiliates or third parties, engage and maintain personnel for the purpose of providing the following Asset Based Services to Series and SP:

 

 

(a)

maintaining storage, security and safekeeping of the Artwork;

 

 

 

 

(b)

maintaining asset-level insurance requirements for the Artwork;

 

 

 

 

(c)

managing transport for the Artwork in the ordinary course of business, including the display and exhibition thereof;

 

 

 

 

(d)

research services concerning the provenance and authenticity of the Artwork;

 

 

 

 

(e)

appraisal and valuation services other than connection with the possible sale of the Artwork;

 

 

 

 

(f)

producing and distributing to Investors, subject to copyright and other intellectual property limitations, a high resolution digital image of the Artwork suitable for framing and display in the Investor’s home personal residence or other personal use for non-commercial purposes;

 

 

 

 

(g)

preparing any reports and accounts, including any blue sky filings required in order for the Class A Shares to be made available for sale in certain states and any annual audit of the accounts of the Series and SP, on a consolidated basis, and of the Issuer, on a consolidated basis with each of its Series, the SPC and the SP’s, and any reports to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission including periodic reports on Forms 1-K, 1-SA and 1-U; and

 

 

 

 

(h)

other services deemed necessary or appropriate by the Asset Manager at its discretion to maintain the Artwork.

     

 
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Entity Based Services. The Asset Manager shall directly, or indirectly through one or more affiliates or third parties, engage and maintain personnel for the purpose of providing the following Entity Based Services to Series and SP:

 

 

(a)

oversight and management of the Auction Platform and the Auction process to determine Winning Bidders among the investor group and the allocation of Class A Shares in Series;

 

 

 

 

(b)

management of preparation and filing of SEC, FINRA, state and other regulatory filings;

 

 

 

 

(c)

banking, financial, accounting and bookkeeping services, including retention of an auditor for the Issuer;

 

 

 

 

(d)

record-keeping, shareholder registrar, investor relations and regulatory compliance;

 

 

 

 

(e)

forming and operating in the ordinary course the Company, each Series and SP;

 

 

 

 

(f)

tax preparation and reporting services;

 

 

 

 

(g)

accounts payable management;

 

 

 

 

(h)

selecting and negotiating insurance coverage for each SP and Series, including operational errors and omissions coverage and directors’ and officers’ coverage;

 

 

 

 

(i)

maintaining the membership ledger for the Company and each Series and coordinating activities of the Company’s Transfer Agent, Escrow Agent and related parties;

 

 

 

 

(j)

software services;

 

 

 

 

(k)

oversight and provision of content for the Investor Platform;

 

 

 

 

(l)

maintenance of contractual agreements with key service provides such as Dalmore, North Capital, the Escrow Agent and the Transfer Agent; and

 

 

 

 

(m)

routine legal and professional transactional services in the ordinary course.

 

 
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Extraordinary Services. At the direction of the Managing Member, the Asset Manager shall render services that are not routine or ordinary and hence are considered to be “Extraordinary Services,” including:

 

 

(a)

negotiation of terms of the sale of the Artwork and the execution thereof;

 

 

 

 

(b)

obtaining appraisals and statements of condition relating to the Artwork in connection with a sale transaction;

 

 

 

 

(c)

administrative services in connection with the dissolution and liquidation or winding up of SP and Series;

 

 

 

 

(d)

managing litigation, indemnification, regulatory investigations or proceedings, judicial proceedings or arbitration, including the defense and or settlement of any claims (regardless of whether or not any Party hereto is named as a defendant or party in any such claim);

 

 

 

 

(e)

conservation, restoration (as deemed necessary by the Asset Manager), reframing and other expenditures that increase the value of the Artwork;

 

 

 

 

(f)

any withholding, property tax, gross receipts, sales, use, VAT or income taxes imposed on the Series or SP as a result of their income, property values, receipts, earnings, investments or withdrawals;

 

 

 

 

(g)

other non-routine or extraordinary services not described above as Asset Based Services or Entity Based Services.

    

Compensation. In return for the services and the payment of the Offering Expenses not paid by the Managing Member, and all of the Operating Expenses (as defined below) of the Company Group Members, the Asset Manager shall be paid a fee (the “Sourcing Fee”) equal to four percent (4%) of the Purchase Price of the Artwork (namely, the sum of the “Hammer Price” and the “Buyer’s Premium” as described above). In addition to the foregoing:

 

(a) In connection with the Auction of the Artwork, the Asset Manager may receive a portion of the Buyer’s Premium received by the Auction House (even if the Series is not the purchaser of the Artwork).

 

(b) If the Managing Member elects to sell the Artwork without engaging a third-party intermediary, the Asset Manager may charge the buyer of the Artwork a reasonable fee not to exceed the lowest published Buyer’s Premium charged by Sotheby’s, Christie’s or Bonhams in effect at such time.

 

(c) The Asset Manager may receive a reasonable fee for its services in overseeing the display or exhibition of the Artwork in a gallery, museum or exhibition space, payable solely by the exhibitor.

 

(d) For each trade of Class A Shares on the Trading Platform, the Asset Manager shall receive a fee equal to 3% of the offering price of the shares subject to the trade, paid 1.5% by each of the buyer and seller to the trade, as described in greater detail above under “Description of Business- Asset Manager Compensation”.

 

To date, neither the Managing Member nor the Asset Manager has received any compensation other than the Class B Shares.

 

Funding and Reimbursement of Expenses. In consideration for the compensation it receives under the Asset Management Agreement, the Asset Manager shall pay, and not be reimbursed by any of the Company Group Members for, (a) any costs or expenses associated with the Asset Based Services and Entity Level Services (referred to herein as the “Operating Expenses”), and (b) any Offering Expenses (excluding those Offering Expenses payable by the Managing Member). Offering Expenses include any expenses directly associated with the Offering such as the fees of North Capital, the Escrow Agent and Transfer Agent for services rendered in respect of the Offering, legal, accounting and auditing costs associated with the Offering, and SEC, FINRA and state registration and filing fees in respect of the Offering. The Asset Manager will not be required to pay, and if paid will be reimbursed by the associated Series and SP for, any costs or expenses associated with Extraordinary Services, as described above, or any item not considered an Offering or Operating Expense (an “Extraordinary Expense”). If not reimbursed for such Extraordinary Expense within thirty (30) days of invoice, such unreimbursed cost or expense shall be treated as loan by the Asset Manager to the Series or SP, as applicable, bearing interest at the Prime Rate plus two (2) percentage points, from the date the cost or expense was invoiced until the date it is fully paid. Any such loan shall be repaid by the Series or SP from the proceeds received upon a sale of the Artwork, if not paid earlier, including through the potential issuance of additional Class A Shares.

 

 
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Display Rights. The Asset Manager, at the directive of the Managing Member, shall have the right to display or exhibit the Artwork by lending or leasing it to museums, galleries or private parties so long as the Managing Member reasonably believes that such exposure increases or enhances the value, profile, public awareness and appeal of the Artwork; provided that the museum, gallery or private party covers all of the expenses associated with the display or exhibition (or, if not, such expenses are paid for by the Asset Manager), and the Asset Manager’s reasonable fees in overseeing the transaction on behalf of the Company.

 

Termination. The holders of the Class A Shares of any Series, voting as a group, may terminate the Asset Management Agreement and the Asset Manager’s services thereunder upon a Super Majority Vote (as such term is described below under “Description of Securities”), upon a non-appealable judicial determination that the Asset Manager or the Managing Member has committed fraud or intentional misconduct.

 

Amendments. Amendments to the Asset Management Agreement may be proposed only by or with the consent of the Asset Manager or Managing Member, provided that any amendment that would be adverse or detrimental to the interests of a Series or SP must be approved by a Majority Vote.

 

Limited Liability and Indemnification of the aShareX Parties and Others

 

The Operating Agreement limits the liability of the aShareX Parties, including the Managing Member, the Asset Manager, and their respective directors, officers, direct and beneficial owners, and persons serving in a similar capacity for, and none of such parties shall be liable to any of the Company Group Members or their affiliates or any holder of Class A Shares for, any action taken or omitted to be taken by such persons with respect to the Company Group Members or any of their affiliates, including any negligent act or failure to act, except in the case of a liability resulting from any of the foregoing person’s fraud or intentional misconduct as judicially determined by a non-appealable judgment. With the prior consent of the Managing Member, any of the foregoing persons, the Company Group Members or any of their affiliates may advance to such person the fees and costs for their defense should a claim be made, with such obligation to be allocated to the entity to which the claim is most associated, and any such expense or cost would be an Extraordinary Expense to be funded as a loan by the Managing Member or by another commercial lender. The foregoing limitations on liability reduce the remedies available to the holders of the Class A Shares for actions taken which may negatively affect the Company, the Series or its affiliates. Insofar as the foregoing provisions permit indemnification of aShareX and its affiliates controlling us for liability arising under the Securities Act, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

 

Removal of Managing Member

 

The Class A Members of the Company, voting as a group, may remove the Managing Member upon a Super Majority Vote (as such term is described below under “Description of Securities”), upon a non-appealable judicial determination that the Managing Member has committed fraud or intentional misconduct.

 

License Agreement

 

aShareX has entered into a non-exclusive, non-sublicensable, non-transferable, royalty free, worldwide license agreement with the Company and Cayman allowing them to use its trademarks (including the name “aShareX”), tradenames, patents, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights to facilitate the conduct of their respective businesses. aShareX will extend a similar license to each Series and SP upon establishment. The license agreement includes the right to use, along with the Company’s registered users, the Investor Platform and the Auction Platform.

  

Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings

 

None of aShareX, the Managing Member and the Asset Manager, has been involved in any legal proceeding listed in Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K in the past ten years.

 

 
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MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION

 

The Managing Member and Asset Manager will receive certain fees and expense reimbursements from each Series for services relating to it and its SP, including for the acquisition, safekeeping and sale of the Artwork. The items of compensation are summarized below.

 

 

 

MANAGING MEMBER

 

 

Form of

Compensation and Expense Reimbursement

 

Determination of Amount

 

Estimated Amount

Class B Shares

 

In consideration for funding the fee and other expenses payable to the Broker upon the Closing of an Offering, or the costs and expenses incurred in connection with any Offering that is not completed, the Managing Member will be issued 1,000 Class B shares in each Series, representing a 10% interest in the associated Artwork’s appreciation in value over its initial Purchase Price. If the Class B Shares are all converted into Class A Shares of the Series prior to the sale of the Artwork, which the Managing Member may choose to do in its sole discretion, the Managing Member will receive Class A Shares according to a formula set forth in our Operating Agreement which generally equates to 10% of the appreciation in the per share price of the Class A Shares in excess of their original sales price pursuant to this Offering.

 

The appreciation in value over its initial Purchase Price cannot presently be determined.

 

 

 

 

 

Reimbursement for Extraordinary Expenses

 

Extraordinary Expenses, defined to mean expenses other than Offering Expenses and Operating Expenses relating to the Company Group Members, will, at the election of the Managing Member, be funded by (i) the Managing Member as a loan to the Company bearing interest at two percentage points above the Prime Rate, or (ii) a commercial lender. Any such loans shall be payable upon the sale of the Artwork or, at the election of the Managing Member, through proceeds raised upon the issuance of additional Class A Shares. The Managing Member and Asset Manager will be reimbursed for any costs they directly incur (without markup) in rendering services to address the matter giving rise to the Extraordinary Expenses (e.g., litigation), including an allocable portion of compensation expense for any personnel dealing directly with the matter based on the hours expended in such effort, provided that no such reimbursable amounts shall exceed those that would be charged by a third party with comparable experience and expertise.

 

The amount of interest payable to the Managing Member for any loan related to Extraordinary Expenses cannot presently be determined.

 

 

 

 

 

Conduct of Auction

 

 

The Managing Member may conduct an Auction itself with Artwork it has sourced and holds on consignment from the Seller. Bidders registered with the Company will bid at the Auction through use of the Auction Platform and the only difference is that the Managing Member and not a more traditional Auction House is conducting the Auction. If the Artwork is purchased by the bidders, and Class A Shares issued in the associated Series, the Managing Member will receive a standard Buyer’s Premium and, if applicable, Seller’s Commission for selling the Artwork. The terms of the Auction will be at least as favorable to the bidders as those offered by the major Auction Houses and the fees payable to the Managing Member will be in line with the compensation payable to such Auction Houses.

 

The amount cannot be determined at this time as it is dependent on whether the Managing Member will conduct an Auction in its own capacity.

 

  

 
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ASSET MANAGER

 

 

Form of

Compensation and Expense Reimbursement

 

Determination of Amount

 

Estimated Amount

Sourcing Fee

 

In exchange for attending to the day to day operations of the Series and its related SP and funding all of their Operating Expenses and certain of their Offering Expenses, the Asset Manager will receive the Sourcing Fee equal to 4% of the Purchase Price of the Artwork.

 

The amount of the Sourcing Fee cannot be determined at this time.

 

Transfer Fee Payable upon Sale of Class A Shares on the Trading Platform

 

 

In partial consideration for it rendering the services required under the Asset Management Agreement, and funding all of the Operating Expenses, including the fees of the Escrow Agent, the Transfer Agent and North Capital for use of its Trading Platform, the Asset Manager will receive a transfer fee upon  any sale of the Class A Shares on the Trading Platform or other secondary trading platform equal to 3% of the Offering Price of the shares subject to the trade, payable 1.5% by each of the buyer and seller to the trade.

 

 

These amounts cannot presently be determined.

 

Buyer’s Premium

 

 

The Auction House will pay to the Asset Manager a portion of the Buyer’s Premium it receives upon the sale of Artwork at the Auction in which potential investors participate in bidding through the Auction Platform, even if the Investors do not submit the winning bid for the Artwork.  Such portion is based on a variety of factors, including the ultimate price paid for the Artwork. The Buyer’s Premium is determined through a standard formula charged by the Auction House and thus any portion paid to the Asset Manager does not increase the Purchase Price paid by the Investors for the Artwork or otherwise result in an additional cost to the Investors.

 

 

The portion of the Buyer’s Premium to be paid to the Asset Manager upon the sale of the Artwork at Auction cannot presently be determined.

 

 

 

Disposition of the Artwork without a Third-Party Intermediary

 

 

The Managing Member may determine to sell the Artwork without engaging an auction house or other third-party intermediary if commercially reasonable to do so, in which event, it or the Asset Manager may charge the buyer of the Artwork a reasonable fee not to exceed the lowest published Buyer’s Premium charged by Sotheby’s, Christie’s or Bonhams in effect at such time.

 

 

The amount cannot be determined at this time.

 

 

 

Fee Payable upon Display or Exhibition of

the Artwork

 

 

The Asset Manager may receive a reasonable fee for its services in overseeing the display or exhibition of the Artwork in a gallery, museum or exhibition space, payable solely by the exhibitor. 

 

 

The amount cannot be determined at this time.

 

To date, neither the Managing Member nor Asset Manager has received any compensation, other than the Managing Member’s receipt of the Class B Shares in the Series.

  

 
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Compensation of Board Members, Advisory Board Members and Executive Officers

 

None of the Company Group Members have any employees, nor do we intend for them to hire any employees who will be compensated directly by such entities. Each of the Managing Member’s and Asset Manager’s directors and officers receive compensation for his or her services from aShareX, the Managing Member or Asset Manager without reimbursement from any of the Company Group Members.

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF

MANAGEMENT AND CERTAIN SECURITYHOLDERS

 

The following discussion sets forth information about the current beneficial ownership of the Company and Series as of the date of this Offering for:

 

 

·

Each Person known to us to be the beneficial owner of more than 10% of the Class A Shares entitled to vote;

 

 

 

 

·

Each named executive officer;

 

 

 

 

·

Each member of the Board of Directors; and

 

 

 

 

·

All of the executive officers and members of the Managing Member as a group.

  

The address for each such Person is in care of aShareX Fine Art, LLC, 10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150, Los Angeles, California 90024.

 

The Managing Member is currently the only member of the Company and holds all of its membership interests.  The Managing Member will initially be the only member of each Series holding 1,000 Class B Shares.  The Series' Class B Shares entitle the Managing Member to 10% of the appreciation in value of the associated Artwork over its Purchase Price.  The Class B Shares can be converted, in the Managing Member’s sole discretion, into Class A Shares pursuant to the formula in the Operating Agreement resulting in the issuance of shares having a market value equal to 10% of the increase in the aggregate per share price of the Series’ Class A Shares following the associated Offering.  Since the conversion to Class A Shares is contingent solely on value or share price appreciation, it cannot be currently determined if the Managing Member, or indirectly its beneficial owners will acquire any Class A Shares through conversion.  

  

 
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The aShareX Parties cannot participate in any Auction due to the fact that they are privy to greater information pre-bidding and as the Auction process proceeds, and thus they cannot purchase Class A Shares as part of the Fractional Bidders. They can, however, purchase unsubscribed for Class A Shares (e.g., due to an investor failing to fund its subscription price or qualify as a Qualified Purchaser), up to 10% of the total Class A Shares of the Offering, provided that such shares are offered first to the seller of the Artwork and then to Investors submitting Winning Bids. Given the highly speculative nature of these circumstances, it cannot be assumed that any of the aShareX Parties will acquire any Class A Shares in any Offering. Any such purchase of Class A Shares by the aShareX Parties will be at the same price paid by all other Investors. As such, the Company cannot say with certainty that an aShareX Party will purchase or acquire Class A Shares in any Series at or following the Closing of the associated Offering.

  

Moreover, since we have not closed an Offering, there is no Person who owns 10% or more of the Class A Shares in any Series.

 

A Class A Member may restrict or limit its voting rights by notifying the Managing Member. If subsequent reports we file pursuant to Regulation A require beneficial ownership information, we will disclose the number and percentage of Class A Shares that are eligible to vote and not vote as to each Series as of such filing date. As required by SEC regulations, the Company will disclose the name, address and share ownership total of any person directly or beneficially owning 10% or more of the Class A Shares of any Series. Any Class A Member that irrevocably limits its voting rights to not more than 10% of the total voting power of the Class A Shares in any Series, will not be subject to the disclosure requirement in the Company’s future SEC reports, unless such person is otherwise deemed to be an “affiliate” of the Company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 

INTEREST OF MANAGEMENT AND OTHERS IN CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS

 

There have been no transactions  since our inception, or any currently proposed transaction, in which we were or are to be a participant and where the amount involved exceeded or exceeds the lesser of $120,000 and one percent of the average of our total assets since inception, and in which any related person, including any of our directors, officers or holders of 10% of the Class A Shares of any Series, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest (other than compensation described under “Management Compensation”).

  

DESCRIPTION OF SHARES

 

The following description of the Class A Shares is based upon the Company’s Certificate of Formation and the Operating Agreement and applicable provisions of law, in each case as in effect prior to the qualification of this Offering Circular. This discussion does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the foregoing documentation, copies of which are filed with the SEC as exhibits to the Offering Statement of which this Offering Circular forms an integral part.

 

Formation and Class A and B Shares.

 

We were formed as a Delaware series limited liability company on January 13, 2023 by the Managing Member. The Managing Member adopted the Company’s Operating Agreement as its sole member and the Company is a member-managed limited liability company.

 

 
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Each Series will be established by the Company to acquire a specific Artwork following an Auction.  Each Series will be established by the Company’s execution of a Series Designation which, together with the Operating Agreement, governs the rights and obligations of the Series and its Members.  Upon completion of an Offering, the associated Series will have two classes of membership interests: Class A membership interests (referred to herein as the “Class A Shares”) and Class B membership interests (referred to herein as the “Class B Shares”).  The Managing Member will own 1,000 Class B shares in the Series and no additional Class B shares will be issued.  Upon the Closing, we will issue that number of Class A Shares as is determined by dividing the Acquisition Cost of the Artwork by the Offering Price for the Class A Shares, and rounding such issuance up or down to the nearest whole share, with appropriate adjustments made to the purchase price paid by Investors, to avoid the issuance of fractional shares.  It is not anticipated that any Series will issue any additional Class A Shares other than to effect the conversion of Class B shares into Class A Shares as set forth in our Operating Agreement, or to raise sufficient proceeds to pay down or off loans advanced by the Managing Member or commercial lender to pay Extraordinary Expenses of the Series.

  

The Class A Shares have limited voting rights and are entitled to all of the distributions made by the Series following the sale of the Artwork, subject to Managing Member, if it has not converted any of the Class B Shares, having the right to receive an amount equal to 10% of the difference between the value appreciation in the Artwork from its Purchase Price. If only a portion of the Class B Shares are retained, the amount otherwise distributable to the Managing Member will equal such value appreciation multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of Class B Shares retained and the denominator of which is 1,000. The Class B shares may be converted into Class A Shares prior to the sale of the Artwork pursuant to a formula set forth in the Operating Agreement which is intended to represent 10% of the appreciation in the aggregate per share price of the Class A Shares following the Closing of the Offering.

 

Summary of Operating Agreement and Series Designation

 

The following discussion summarizes some of the key provisions of the Operating Agreement, as the same may be modified by a Series Designation executed upon the establishment of a Series, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the specific provisions of the Operating Agreement and, if applicable, the Series Designations.

 

Organization, Duration and Powers. The Company is a Delaware series limited liability company formed pursuant to, and governed by, the Delaware Act. Each Series will be established by a Series Designation. Each Series will acquire the designated Artwork upon the Closing of an Offering, and it will remain in existence until the Artwork is sold and the resulting Net Sales Proceeds are distributed to the holders of the Class A and B Shares. The Series is permitted to engage in such activities as determined by the Managing Member as are necessary or helpful to acquire, preserve, hold for value appreciation, store, display, exhibit and sell the Artwork. Each Series may not engage in another business activity without approval by a Majority Vote of the Series. Without obtaining such approval, we cannot amend, waive or fail to comply with any material provision of a Series Designation that adversely affects the Class A Members of such Series, or amend any material provision of the Operating Agreement that would disproportionately and adversely affect the Class A Members as compared to the other Series Members.

 

The Managing Member.  The Operating Agreement appoints the Managing Member as the managing member of the Company and each Series. The Managing Member’s operations are overseen by its Board of Directors.  The Managing Member has full authority in its discretion to exercise, on behalf and in the name of the Company and any Series, all rights and powers of a “Managing Member” of a limited liability company under the Delaware Act necessary or convenient to carry out our purposes.  Any person dealing with the Company or a Series will be entitled to rely conclusively upon the power and authority of the Managing Member and its Board of Directors in all respects, and the Managing Member is authorized to execute any and all agreements, instruments and other writings on behalf of the Company and the Series in their name.

  

The Managing Member will have sole voting and decision making power over all matters associated with the Company and each Series other than those matters requiring the consent of the holders of the Class A Shares of all Series, in the case of the Company, or the holders of Class A Shares of the particular Series, in the case of a Series.

 

The Managing Member and Asset Manager may be removed and replaced by aShareX with or without “cause” as their sole member. The Managing Member and Asset Manager may be removed by the Super Majority Vote of the holders of the Class A Shares of all the Series upon a final determination by a court of competent jurisdiction concluding that one or both have committed fraud or willful misconduct. A “Super Majority Vote” means approval of the matter by the holders of 66.66% of the Class A Shares of all the Series in the aggregate, weighting each Series based on the aggregate Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued by such Series in comparison to the aggregate Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued by all Series as described below under Voting Rights.

 

 
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Asset Management Agreement. Each Series, SP and the Asset Manager will enter into an Asset Management Agreement described in “Summary—the Business--Asset Management Agreement.” Pursuant to this agreement, and subject to the oversight of the Managing Member, the Asset Manager will have complete and exclusive discretion in the day to day management and control of the business affairs of each Series and SP, subject to matters requiring the consent of the Class A Members of such Series.

 

Voting Rights. The Class A Shares have no voting rights other than those limited rights as may be required pursuant to the Delaware Act, the Operating Agreement and the Series Designation. Except for those limited required rights, the control and governance of the Company Group Members is vested in the Managing Member and the Asset Manager. The Class A Shares of each Series are considered “Voting Shares” excluding (i) shares held by the aShareX Parties (except for the limited purpose of satisfying a quorum or approving the sale of the Artwork), and (ii) shares whose voting rights have been expressly negated by the holder. On each matter where the Class A Members have a right to vote, each Voting Share shall be entitled to and shall constitute one (1) vote, and all Voting Shares shall vote together as a single class, except as otherwise set forth in the Operating Agreement, or otherwise required by the Delaware Act. In determining any action or other matter to be undertaken by or on behalf of the Company or a Series, each Class A Member shall be entitled to cast a number of votes equal to the number of Voting Shares that such person holds as of the record date for the vote, subject to any voting rights voluntarily relinquished by the holder.

 

Any Class A Shares in a Series held by the aShareX Parties will not be entitled to vote on any matter except for the approval of the sale of the Artwork associated with the Series. The Class A Shares held by the aShareX Parties will be counted for quorum purposes.

 

Unless otherwise set forth in the Operating Agreement, or otherwise required by the Delaware Act, for matters in which the Class A Members are entitled to vote and affect the Series only (and not the Company more generally), a quorum is required consisting of the attendance in person or proxy of a majority of the Voting Shares of such Series. If such a threshold cannot be obtained, a quorum will be met at a subsequently called meeting if holders of 25% or more of the Voting Shares attend the meeting in person or proxy. For purposes of satisfying the quorum requirement, Class A Shares in a Series held by the aShareX Parties will be counted. Any matter affecting the Series only will be considered approved if consented to by a majority of the Voting Shares casting votes concerning such matter, with the exception that the Class A Shares held by the aShareX Parties will be counted as Voting Shares for purposes of approving the sale of the Artwork. Matters affecting the Series only consist of (i) approval of the sale of the Artwork, (ii) proposed amendments to the Series Designation that adversely affect the Class A Members, and (iii) proposed amendments to the Operating Agreement that adversely and disproportionately affect the Class A Members when compared with the other Series Members.

 

With regard to matters affecting the Company more generally as to which the Class A Members are entitled to vote, a quorum will require the attendance in person or proxy of those Class A Members holding a majority of the Voting Shares of all the Series entitled to vote on such matter. If such requirement is not met at a duly called meeting, the quorum requirement will be satisfied at a subsequent duly called meeting if Class A Members holding at least 25% of the shares entitled to vote attend such meeting in person or in proxy. Class A Shares held by aShareX and its affiliates shall be counted solely for such purpose. Any amendment to the Operating Agreement adversely affecting the Class A Members of all Series generally (and not a Series specifically) will be considered approved if consented to by holders of a majority of the outstanding Class A Shares of all the Series voted with respect to such matter in the aggregate as described below (a “Company Majority Vote”). The removal of the Managing Member or the Asset Manager for acts or omissions constituting fraud or intentional misconduct as judicially determined shall be deemed approved if consented to by a Super Majority Vote.

 

For purposes of determining the percentage vote requirement, each Series shall have their votes weighted in proportion to a percentage, the numerator of which is the aggregate Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued by the Series in its Offering, and the denominator of which is the aggregate Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued by all Series whose Artwork has not been sold. By way of example, if the aggregate offering price of Series X is $5 Million and it has 100 Voting Shares, and the aggregate offering price of Series Y is $10 Million and it has 50 Voting Shares, then each Voting Share of Series X is deemed to have an effective voting percentage of $5M/15M x 1/100. Conversely, each Voting Share of Series Y is deemed to have an effective voting percentage of $10M/$15M x 1/50. In determining the outcome of any vote at a meeting, Class A Members that abstain or do not vote will not be considered as having participated in the vote.

 

 
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To be clear and subject to the contrary terms of the Delaware Act, the Managing Member, will have sole voting power over all matters not reserved to the approval of the Class A Members of a Series. Such reserved matters are essentially limited to: (i) the amendment, waiver or failure to comply with any material provision of the Operating Agreement, the Series Designation or Asset Management Agreement that disproportionately and adversely affects a Series or the Class A Members within a Series, (ii) the removal of the Asset Manager or Managing Member for fraud or intentional misconduct as judicially determined, or the approval of a successor Managing Member upon Managing Member’s voluntary resignation, or (iii) the sale of the Artwork prior to the eighth year following its acquisition.

 

Self-Imposed Restrictions on Voting Shares. A Class A Member may irrevocably limit or eliminate its voting rights as to specific Class A Shares by providing an irrevocable certification to the Managing Member. In the event a Class A Member does so, the Class A Shares shall no longer have any voting rights for so long as such shares are beneficially owned by such Class A Member or its affiliates. Any Class A Member that irrevocably eliminates its voting rights or limits its voting rights with respect to a Series such that under no circumstances would such Class A Member, together with its affiliates, have the right to cast more than 10% of the total votes in any matter put to a vote of the Class A Members of such Series, shall not be named or have its address or ownership reported in the Company’s ongoing SEC filings, including the beneficial ownership table in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 1-K, unless such person is otherwise deemed to be an “affiliate” of the Company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. The determination of affiliate status for such purposes shall be made by the Managing Member in its sole and absolute discretion and the Company or its Transfer Agent may require any Class A Member that owns more than 10% of the Class A Shares in a Series to provide a legal opinion and or other information it deems necessary or appropriate to determine such person’s affiliate status.

 

Exercise of Voting Rights. Whenever holders of Class A Shares are required or entitled to vote on any matter, except as otherwise provided, that vote may be taken at a meeting or may be taken via a written consent in lieu of a meeting. A meeting of the Class A Members of a Series to vote on a matter may be called by the Managing Member of such Series. The meeting may be conducted by video or telephonic communication and voting may be conducted through the Investor Platform. The Company shall provide holders of Voting Shares with not less than five (5) nor more than sixty (60) days prior notice of any meeting or any action subject to a vote of holders of Voting Shares at a meeting that requires a quorum, in the form of votes actually cast (whether in person or by proxy), from at least a majority of the Voting Shares casting votes on such matter or such higher percentage of Voting Shares as may be required for such action. At any meeting or on any matter that is to be voted on or consented to by holders of Voting Shares, the then holders may vote in person or by proxy, and such vote may be made, and a proxy may be granted in writing, by means of electronic transmission on the Investor Platform or as otherwise permitted by applicable law.

 

We have elected to be governed by certain provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) and other applicable provisions of the DGCL, as though we were a Delaware corporation and as though holders of our voting shares were shareholders of a Delaware corporation. Such sections generally regulate proxies for any voting purposes. We currently intend to utilize the Investor Platform to the extent possible for meetings of, and votes of our Class A Members.

 

Conversion of Class B Shares.  The Class B Shares will be convertible into Class A Shares of a Series in the Managing Member’s discretion, in whole or in part, at any time prior to the consummation of a sale of the Series’ Artwork pursuant to a formula set forth in our Operating Agreement which is intended to result in the issuance of Class A Shares to the Managing Member representing in terms of market value 10% of the appreciation in the per share price of the Class A Shares following the Closing of the Offering.  The Class A Shares have no conversion rights.

  

Agreement to be Bound by the Operating Agreement. By executing its Subscription Agreement and having it be accepted by the Managing Member, each Investor agrees to be admitted as a member of the Company and to be bound by the provisions of, and deemed to be a party to, the Operating Agreement. Each person who acquires a Class A Shares from a holder must agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Operating Agreement.

 

Distributions. The Company does not expect any Series to pay any distributions other than a liquidating distribution following a sale of its Artwork. There can be no assurance as to the amount or timing of a liquidating distribution (although it is expected that such distribution will occur no later than the eighth anniversary of the acquisition of the associated Artwork or, at the latest, by the following year if a sale is unavoidably delayed. There are no contractual restrictions on our or any Series’ ability to declare or pay distributions.

 

 
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Preemptive Rights. The Class A Shares have no preemptive rights other than in limited circumstances, such as when investors fail to fund their Winning Bid or there is a need to fund Extraordinary Expenses.  In such circumstances, as determined by the Managing Member. The Class A Shares will be given a priority opportunity to purchase shares on a pro rata basis, subject to applicable securities laws.

  

Limited Liability. The liability of each member of the Company shall be limited as provided in the Delaware Act and as set forth in the Operating Agreement. No Class A Member shall be liable for the debts, liabilities or obligations of the Company Group Members, including the Series in which it invests unless it expressly agrees otherwise, and it shall not be obligated to restore by way of capital contribution or otherwise any deficits in its capital account (if such deficits occur). The Series is not liable for the debts, liabilities or obligations of the Company or any other Series or SP, other than for the indemnification of Protected Persons, as defined below, acting or omitting to act on behalf of the Series.

 

Return of Distributions.  Under the Delaware Act, if a Class A Member receives a distribution from a Series and knows at the time of the distribution that it was in violation of the Delaware Act, such member is liable to the Company to return such distribution for a three year period following the distribution.  Under the Delaware Act, a Series may not make a distribution to a Class A Member if, after the distribution, all liabilities of the Company, other than liabilities to the members of the Series on account of their Class A and B Shares and liabilities for which the recourse of creditors is limited to specific property of the Company, would exceed the fair value of the assets of the Company.  The Managing Member does not intend for any Series to make current or liquidating distributions to the holders of its shares that will violate the provisions of the Delaware Act.  At the time the Artwork is sold, and the expenses of sale and liquidation are paid, the Series and SP should have no known liabilities, and therefore the distribution of the Net Sales Proceeds to the Members of the Series should not risk implementing the foregoing provisions of the Delaware Act.  As a result we do not expect that any of the Class A Members of any Series will be required to return any portion of the distributions it receives.

  

Restrictions on Transfer. The Class A Shares may only be transferred by operation of law, with the consent of the Managing Member or:

 

 

·

To an immediate family member or an affiliate of the transferor,

 

 

 

 

·

To a trust or other entity for estate or tax planning purposes if the transferor maintains control of the trust or entity,

 

 

 

 

·

As a charitable gift,

 

 

 

 

·

On the Trading Platform.

  

An otherwise permitted transfer, to be effective, must be reported to the Managing Member and the Company’s Transfer Agent, and the transferee must have registered on the Investor Platform, passed KYC and AML screening, and execute the documentation required of any transferee.

 

An Investor may pledge its Class A Shares as collateral for a loan, provided that the lien is extinguished prior to the transfer of the shares, and the pledgor and lender agree that, if there is a foreclosure on the lien, the lender will notify the Managing Member and Transfer Agent of the transfer, register the lender (or other transferee) on the Investor Platform and execute the documentation required of any transferee.   

  

Redemption Rights. Neither the Company nor the Series has any right or obligation to redeem the Class A Shares.

 

Exculpation and Indemnification of aShareX Parties and Others. Subject to certain limitations, the Operating Agreement and Asset Management Agreement limits the liability of the aShareX Parties (including aShareX, its affiliates, and their respective directors, officers, direct and beneficial owners) and certain persons performing services for the Company or the Series (referred to together as the “Protected Persons” or in the singular as the “Protected Person”). No Protected Person shall be liable to the Company or any Series, and shall be defended, indemnified and held harmless by the Company and the Series to whom the claim relates for, any action taken or omitted to be taken by it or by other person with respect to the Company or associated Series as applicable, including any negligent act or failure to act, except in the case of a liability resulting from such Protected Person’s own intentional misconduct or fraud, in each case as judicially determined by a court of final determination. With the prior consent of the Managing Member, any Protected Person may consult with legal counsel and accountants with respect to our affairs (including interpretations of the Operating Agreement) and shall be fully protected and justified in any action or inaction which is taken or omitted in good faith, in reliance upon and in accordance with the opinion or advice of such counsel or accountants. Indemnification payments are considered an Extraordinary Expense and they are limited to the Company’s and the Series’ assets. Further, insofar as the foregoing provisions permit indemnification of a Protected Person for liability arising under the Securities Act, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

 

 
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Reimbursement of Expenses. In the event of a claim asserted against a Protected Person arising from the performance or non-performance of such person’s duties with regard to a Class A Member, the Managing Member is obligated to cause the Company or the Series to which the claim relates, at their expense, to defend the Protected Person in respect of the claim, provided that if the Protected Person is finally determined not to be entitled to indemnification under the terms of the Operating Agreement or Asset Management Agreement, as applicable, the Protected Person will be required to reimburse the indemnifying entity for the legal costs and related expenses we incurred in defense of the claim. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event of a claim asserted by the aShareX Parties against a Protected Person, neither the Company nor any Series will be obligated to provide counsel to represent the Protected Person and he or she will be required to pay for their own defense, subject to the Company or Series’ obligation to reimburse the Protected Person for its legal costs and related expenses if it is finally determined that it is entitled to indemnification in respect of the claim asserted. A Series shall have no indemnification obligation for claims made against a Protected Person with respect to acts or omissions associated with the Company or another Series.

 

Liquidity Sale. Each Series will own its Artwork for an indefinite period although it must be sold in the eighth year following the date of acquisition. The Artwork may be sold at an earlier time if approved by a Majority Vote. There is no guaranty that the Net Sales Proceeds derived from the sale will be reflective of the estimated fair market value of the Series’ Class A Shares at such time. The Asset Manager will be entitled to reimbursement for costs and expenses associated with any such transaction and it shall use commercially reasonable efforts to achieve favorable terms, but otherwise to consummate the transaction in its sole discretion (except that the purchase price must be paid in cash).

 

Amendment of the Operating Agreement. Amendments to the Operating Agreement may be proposed only by or with the consent of the Managing Member and must be approved by a Majority Vote, in the aggregate, weighting each Series based on the aggregate Offering Price related to such Series in comparison to the aggregate Offering Price of all Series as described above under Voting Rights. However, if the amendment adversely and disproportionately affects any particular Series, or if such amendment is to a Series Designation or otherwise only adversely and disproportionately affects a Series or its Class A Members, such amendment must be approved by a Majority Vote. However, the Managing Member does not need the consent of the Class A Members of the various Series to amend the Operating Agreement in other instances, including: (i) to evidence the withdrawal of a Class A Member or the joinder of a new Class A Member of the Company or any Series; (ii) in connection with the transfer of Class A Shares; (iii) as otherwise required to reflect capital contributions, distributions and similar actions; (iv) in connection with the funding of loans for Extraordinary Expenses or the issuance of Class A Shares to fund repayment of such loans, (v) to evidence the conversion of Class B shares into Class A Shares, or (vi) any change the Managing Member deems necessary or appropriate to enable or facilitate secondary trading of the Class A Shares.

 

Termination and Dissolution. Each Series will continue in existence until terminated upon the first to occur of: (i) the approval of termination by a Majority Vote and the Managing Member; (ii) the sale of the Artwork for cash, or (iii) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution under Section 18 802 of the Delaware Act.  The dissolution event shall be effective on the day such event occurs and immediately thereafter the Managing Member will commence the sale of the Artwork, if such sale itself was not the triggering event, and the winding up and liquidation of the Series and SP, which shall include the distribution of the Net Sale Proceeds from the sale of the Artwork.

  

Books and Reports. We are required to keep appropriate books of the business affairs of the Company Group Members at our principal offices. The books will be maintained for both tax and financial reporting purposes on a basis that permits the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP. For financial reporting purposes and federal income tax purposes, our fiscal year and its tax year are the calendar year.

 

 
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Binding Arbitration under the Subscription Agreement

 

By purchasing Class A Shares in this Offering, Investors agree to be bound by the arbitration provisions contained in their Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement which provide that arbitration is the exclusive means for resolving disputes relating to or arising out of the Auction Agreement and the Subscription Agreement, including issues as to the Auction and the subscription and payment for the Class A Shares. This arbitration provision does not apply to claims made under the federal securities laws or any dispute you may have with Dalmore as the broker dealer of the Offering or as the executing broker for secondary market trades on the Trading Platform, which can be settled through the arbitration rules of FINRA Dispute Resolution, Inc., including through voluntary mediation or arbitration. Issues arising after the Closing of an Offering with respect to a Series or its Class A Shares are not subject to arbitration but instead are subject to resolution through judicial proceedings in the State of Delaware.

 

Waiver of Jury Trial under the Subscription Agreement

 

By executing the Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement, as applicable, each Investor and each purchaser of Class A Shares agrees to waive its rights to a jury trial concerning claims that are subject to arbitration. This waiver of rights to a jury trial does not apply to claims made under the federal securities laws.

 

Exclusive Jurisdiction

 

The Operating Agreement provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, as amended, subject to and contingent upon a final adjudication in the State of Delaware of the enforceability of such exclusive forum provision. By purchasing Class A Shares and affirming the terms of the Operating Agreement, Class A Members acknowledge that any complaint asserting a cause of action under the Securities Act is to be litigated in the federal district courts of the United States of America.

 

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

 

Shares Eligible for Future Sale

 

Prior to this Offering, there has been no public or private market for the Class A Shares, and we cannot predict the effect, if any, that secondary market sales of the Class A Shares will have on the market price of the shares prevailing from time to time. All of the Class A Shares sold by a Series in an Offering will be freely tradable under federal securities laws other than shares purchased by the aShareX Parties (whether purchased in this Offering or acquired upon conversion of the Class B Shares) or an Investor acquiring 10% or more of the Class A Shares sold by the Series. The shares of such persons may be considered “control” securities under U.S. federal securities laws and are subject to certain trading volume restrictions and reporting requirements under Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC. The aShareX Parties are permitted to pledge their Class A and B shares to secure loans or other financings.

 

MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS

 

The following is a discussion of material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Class A Shares by Holders (as defined below) as of the date hereof. For purposes of this section, references to the “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” refer only to the Company and not to Cayman or any SP which will hold title to the Artwork. This discussion is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated or proposed thereunder, and all administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, all as in effect on the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect, or to different interpretation.

 

 
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As stated in greater detail below, based on current tax law, the Company intends to take the position that the sale of the Artwork and the resulting distribution of the Net Sales Proceeds to the Company’s Members should not be subject to an entity level tax at either the Company or Cayman levels. Taxable gain recognized in such transaction by Investors subject to U.S. tax and who own less than ten percent (10%) of the Class A Shares, and have timely filed a so-called “QEF election” with the IRS in the year the shares are acquired, should be subject to federal income tax on the gain recognized at a maximum rate of 28% for individuals, trusts and estates, and 21% for corporations. If the Class A Shares are sold prior to the sale of the Artwork, gain recognized by individuals, trusts or estates should be subject to a maximum federal income tax of 23.8%, based on the current Code. Non-U.S. Investors and tax-exempt Investors will generally not be subject to tax on the gain recognized upon the sale of their Class A Shares or upon the eventual sale of the Artwork and distribution of the resulting Net Sales Proceeds. The foregoing tax treatment is not free from doubt inasmuch as the U.S. federal income taxation of partnerships and partners is extremely complex, involving, among other things, significant issues as to the character, timing of realization and sourcing of gains and losses.

  

As used in this discussion, the term “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of a Class A Share that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation created or organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust (x) with respect to which a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions or (y) that has in effect a valid election under applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.  As used in this discussion, the term “Non-U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of a Class A Share that is neither a U.S. Holder nor a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the term “Holder” means a U.S. Holder or a Non-U.S. Holder.

 

The following discussion does not address all of the U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to specific Holders in light of their particular circumstances or to Holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax law (such as banks, insurance companies, dealers in securities or other Holders that generally mark their securities to market for U.S. federal income tax purposes, tax-exempt entities, retirement plans, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, certain former citizens or residents of the United States or Holders that hold the Class A Shares as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion or other integrated transaction) or U.S. Holders that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar. This discussion does not address any U.S. state, local or non-U.S. tax considerations or any U.S. federal estate (except as discussed below for Non-U.S. Holders), gift or alternative minimum tax considerations. The activities of a Holder unrelated to such Holder’s status as a member of the Company may affect the tax consequences to such Holder of an investment in the Company.

  

If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes invests in the Class A Shares, the U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to such investment will depend in part upon the status and activities of such entity and the particular partner or member. Any such entity should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to it and its partners relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class A Shares.

 

PERSONS CONSIDERING AN INVESTMENT IN THE CLASS A SHARES SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL AND NON-U.S. INCOME, ESTATE AND OTHER TAX CONSIDERATIONS RELATING TO THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF THE CLASS A SHARES IN LIGHT OF THEIR PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES.

 

Taxation of the Company and each Series

 

We expect to be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes and not as an association or publicly traded partnership subject to tax as a corporation. We also expect each Series to be treated as a separate partnership or otherwise as a disregarded entity for federal income tax purposes. As a partnership or disregarded entity, the Company and each Series will not be subject to federal income tax. Instead, each Holder that is subject to U.S. tax will be required to take into account its distributive share, whether or not distributed, of each item of our income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. See “—Taxation of U.S. Holders of Class A Shares.”

 

An entity that would otherwise be classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes may nonetheless be taxable as a corporation if it is a “publicly traded partnership,” unless an exception applies. A publicly traded partnership, such as the Company or possibly each Series, will be treated as a partnership if (i) 90% or more of such partnership’s gross income during each taxable year consists of “qualifying income” and (ii) such partnership is not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). We refer to this exception as the “qualifying income exception.” Qualifying income generally includes certain interest income, dividends, real property rents, gains from the sale or other disposition of real property, gains from the sale or other disposition of capital assets or other property held for the production of income that otherwise constitutes qualifying income and certain other forms of investment income.

 

 
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We intend to operate such that we and each Series will meet the qualifying income exception in each taxable year. We do not expect that the Company and the Series will earn any income in any taxable year other than qualifying income including (i) interest income with respect to certain short-term debt investments, and (ii) an income inclusion followed by a liquidating distribution of an SP in the year in which the Artwork is sold. In addition, given that the Company and each Series has been formed to own the Artwork and not to invest in securities, we are not subject to registration under the 1940 Act. Accordingly, at present, we do not expect to seek a ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) with respect to our treatment as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and no assurance can be given that the IRS will not take a contrary position.

 

If contrary to our expectations, we or a Series is treated as a corporation in any taxable year, our or the Series’ items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit would be reflected on our respective tax returns, rather than the returns of our Holders, and we or the Series, as applicable, would be subject to U.S. corporate income tax on the associated taxable income.  Distributions of cash or other property to a Holder with respect to its Class A Shares generally would be treated as a dividend to the extent such distribution was paid from the Company or the Series, as applicable, current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), or in the absence of earnings and profits, as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of such Holder’s adjusted tax basis in its Class A share, and then as capital gain.  Accordingly, because of the “double tax regime,” treatment as a corporation could materially reduce a Holder’s after-tax return and thus could result in a substantial reduction of the value of its Class A Shares.

  

The remainder of this discussion assumes that we and each Series will be treated as a partnership or disregarded entity for federal income tax purposes and the focus will be on the treatment of each Series and its Class A Members on the basis that the Series will be characterized as a separate entity for such purposes.

 

Taxation of Cayman 

 

Cayman intends to file an election with the IRS to be classified as an association taxable as a corporation and not as a partnership or disregarded entity for federal income tax purposes. We, as the holder of Cayman shares, and each Series, as the holder of an SP, will not be taxed directly on the earnings of Cayman or the SP. We intend to treat Cayman as a separate non-U.S. corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, although this treatment is not free from doubt. The remainder of this discussion assumes that Cayman is so treated.

 

Taxation of U.S. Holders of Shares

 

Overview. The overall ownership structure has been structured to produce nominal income or expenses allocable to the Holders prior to the sale of the Artwork. Expenses incurred prior to the sale will, to the extent permitted, be capitalized into the tax basis of the Artwork. At the time an Artwork is sold, the gain recognized by the Series on the resulting distribution of Net Sales Proceeds and allocated to a U.S. Holder will be taxed as capital gain, and not as ordinary income, provided that (i) the U.S. Holder filed a so-called “Qualified Electing Fund” or “QEF” election” with a timely filed U.S. tax return for the taxable year in which such Holder acquired its Class A Shares, and (ii) the U.S. Holder does not own 10% or more of the Class A Shares in the Company. Although not free from doubt, we will take the position that the gain recognized will be long-term “collectibles” capital gain eligible for taxation at a maximum 28% federal income tax rate for individuals, estates or trusts. Gain recognized by individuals, trusts and estates on the sale of their Class A Shares prior to the sale of the underlying Artwork should not be treated as “collectibles” gain and hence should be subject to federal income tax at a maximum rate of 23.8%. U.S Holders who are corporations are generally subject to federal income tax at a rate of 21% regardless of whether classified as ordinary income or capital gain. The balance of this discussion proceeds on assuming the foregoing positions will be sustained if challenged by the IRS.

 

 
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Taxation of Holders of Shares on Our Profits and Losses. Each Holder that is subject to U.S. tax will be required to take into account its distributive share, whether or not distributed, of each item of the associated Series’ income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. It is possible, although extremely unlikely, that in any year, a Holder’s tax liability arising from the Series could exceed the distributions made by the Series to such Holder. The Company (or each Series) will file a U.S. federal partnership information return reporting its operations for each year and provide each Class A Member of the Series with information of the Series’ tax items to be included on its federal income tax return. In a year in which the Series does not realize any item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit, for cost reasons, the Series may elect not to file Form K-1’s for such Class A Members and simply notify them they have nothing to report. While this position is arguably sanctioned by the Income Tax Regulations, there is no assurance that the IRS will agree with it and not seek to impose penalties on the Series for non-compliance notwithstanding there are no reportable tax items. Each Series will resist the imposition of such penalties, but if they are sustained, the resulting Extraordinary Expense could cause a premature sale of the Artwork.

 

Allocation of Profits and Losses. For each of our fiscal years, each Holder’s allocable share of a Series items of taxable income will generally be allocated to the holders of the Class A Shares in proportion to their Class A Shares. Section 706 of the Code provides that items of partnership income and deductions must be allocated between transferors and transferees of shares. We will apply certain assumptions and conventions in an attempt to comply with applicable rules and to report income, gain, loss, deduction and credit to Holders in a manner that reflects such Holders’ beneficial shares of each Series’ items. These conventions are designed to more closely align the receipt of cash and the allocation of income between Holders of Class A Shares, but these assumptions and conventions may not conform with all aspects of existing Treasury Regulations. If the IRS successfully challenges our conventions, our items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit may be reallocated among the Holders of Class A Shares to the possible detriment of certain Holders. The Managing Member is authorized to revise our method of allocation between transferors and transferees (as well as among Holders whose interests otherwise could vary during a taxable period).

 

Adjusted Tax Basis of Class A Shares. A Holder’s initial tax basis in its Class A Shares will generally equal the amount such Holder paid for them plus such Holder’s allocable share of the associated Series’ liabilities (which are expected to be minimal). A Holder’s adjusted tax basis will be increased by such Holder’s share of items of the Series income and gain and any increase in such Holder’s share of liabilities. A Holder’s adjusted tax basis will be decreased, but not below zero, by distributions from the Series, such Holder’s allocable share of items of the Series deductions and losses and by any decrease in such Holder’s allocable share of the Series’ liabilities. Holders who purchase Class A Shares in separate transactions must combine the basis of those Class A Shares and maintain a single adjusted tax basis for all such shares. Upon a sale or other disposition of less than all of the Class A Shares held by such Holder, a portion of that tax basis must be allocated to the Class A Shares sold.

 

Restrictions on Deductibility of Expenses and Other Losses. A Holder may deduct its allocable share of the associated Series losses (if any) for U.S. federal income tax purposes only to the extent of such Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the Class A Shares as of the end of the taxable year in which the losses occur. If the recognition of a Holder’s allocable share of the Series’ losses would reduce its adjusted tax basis for its Class A Shares below zero, the recognition of such losses by such Holder would be deferred to subsequent taxable years and would be allowed if and when such Holder has sufficient tax basis so that such losses would not reduce such Holder’s adjusted tax basis below zero. In addition, the “at-risk” rules and the limitation on “excess business losses” could limit the deductibility of losses allocable to a Holder. We do not expect any Series to generate income or losses from “passive activities” for purposes of Section 469 of the Code. Therefore, income allocated by us to a Holder may not be offset by the Section 469 passive losses of such Holder and losses allocated to a Holder generally may not be used to offset Section 469 passive income of such Holder.

 

It is anticipated that each Series expenses generally will be investment expenses treated as miscellaneous itemized deductions, rather than trade or business expenses, with the result that any individual who is a Holder (either directly or through a partnership or other pass-through entity) will not be permitted to claim a federal income tax deduction for such expenses for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2026 and thereafter may be limited in its ability to claim a tax deduction for such expenses.

 

We expect that each Series will capitalize the Sourcing Fee into the tax basis of the acquired Artwork and therefore Holders will not deduct or amortize such fee but instead it will offset the gain (or increase the loss) subsequently recognized by the Series on the sale of its underlying Artwork.

 

Treatment of Distributions. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of cash by each Series generally will not be taxable to a U.S. Holder to the extent of its adjusted tax basis in its Class A Shares in the Series. Any cash distributions in excess of a U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis generally will be considered to be gain from the sale or exchange of its Class A Shares in the Series. Under current law, such gain generally will be capital gain and will be long-term capital gain if such U.S. Holder has held such Class A share for more than one year at the time of such distribution, subject to certain exceptions.

 

 
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Disposition of Shares. A U.S. Holder generally will recognize gain or loss for federal income tax purposes upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of its Class A Shares in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the amount realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition and such U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in such Class A Share. A U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis will be adjusted for this purpose by its allocable share of the associated Series’ income or loss for the year of such sale or other disposition. Any gain or loss so recognized generally will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if such Holder has held such Class A Share for more than one year at the time of such sale, exchange or other disposition.

 

Holders who purchase Class A Shares at different times and intend to sell all or a portion of the Class A Shares within a year of their most recent purchase are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of certain “split holding period” rules to them and the treatment of any gain or loss as long-term or short-term capital gain or loss. For example, a selling Holder may use the actual holding period of the portion of its transferred Class A Shares, provided such Class A Shares are divided into identifiable Class A Shares with ascertainable holding periods, the selling Holder can identify the portion of the Class A Shares transferred, and the selling Holder elects to use the identification method for all sales or exchanges of the Class A Shares.

 

Controlled Foreign Corporations. In general, a corporation organized outside the United States is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes in any taxable year in which more than 50% of (i) the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of such non-U.S. corporation entitled to vote or (ii) the total value of the stock of such non-U.S. corporation is owned (or is considered as owned) by “U.S. Shareholders” on any day during the taxable year of such non-U.S. corporation. A “U.S. Shareholder” with respect to a non-U.S. corporation is any U.S. person that owns (or is treated as owning) 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the non-U.S. corporation entitled to vote or 10% or more of the total value of such non-U.S. corporation’s stock. We expect that Cayman will be considered a CFC with respect to the Company and each Series, but that it will not be treated as such for an Investor who is not a U.S. Shareholder because it does not own 10% or more of the Class A Shares in a Series. We have assumed for purposes of this discussion that each Investor will not be considered a U.S. Shareholder (because it will not own 10% or more of the voting power or value of Cayman or any SP), but observe that, if an Investor is deemed a U.S Shareholder, it will generally recognize ordinary income on the gain recognized on the sale of the Artwork and capital gain if its Class A Shares are sold prior to the year of such sale. It will also be subject to additional information filing requirements for US. Shareholders owning shares in a CFC.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Companies. Due to the passive nature of its income and assets, we expect that Cayman will be considered a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes with regard to any U.S. Holder who is not considered a U.S. Shareholder (as defined in the immediately preceding section). If the U.S. Holder files a “QEF” election with its timely filed U.S. federal income tax return for the year in which it acquires its Class A Shares, gain recognized by an individual, trust or estate on the sale of its shares held for more than one year should be subject to tax at a maximum federal income tax rate of 23.8%. If, instead, the shares are held through the sale of the underlying Artwork and the distribution of the resulting Net Sales Proceeds, the gain recognized on the transaction should be taxed at the higher 28% federal income tax rate imposed on “collectible” gains. U.S. Holders that are corporations will be taxed on the gain at a maximum federal income tax rate of 21%. The Company intends to provide the Class A Members with the information concerning Cayman and each SP that is necessary to file their QEF election form.

 

If the QEF election is not timely filed by the U.S. Holder, gain recognized on a disposition of its Class A Shares or from the sale by a Series of its underlying Artwork, as well as certain other defined “excess distributions,” will be treated as if the gain or excess distribution were ordinary income earned ratably over the shorter of the period during which the U.S. Holder held its Class A Shares or the period during which we held our shares in Cayman. As such, the gain recognized by a U.S Holder that is an individual, trust or estate will not be subject to the preferential capital gains rates that are available if a QEF Election is timely filed. The PFIC rules do not apply to a U.S. Shareholder (i.e., a U.S. Holder that owns 10% or more of the Class A Shares) since it is subject to the CFC rules describe above.

 

 
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The interaction and application of the CFC and PFIC rules are exceedingly complex, and prospective Investors are urged to consult their tax advisors in this regard, particularly with regard to the necessity of timely filing a QEF election.

 

Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders of Class A Shares

 

Below is a discussion of material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to Non-U.S. Holders of our Class A Shares and does not purport to address all of the U.S. federal income tax consequences that may be applicable to any particular Non-U.S. Holder. The discussion assumes that a Non-U.S. Holder is not and will not be engaged in a trade or business within the United States, has and will have no U.S. source income apart from its investment in our Class A Shares, and, in the case of a Non-U.S. Holder that is an individual, has not been (and will not be) present in the United States for 183 days or more in any taxable year.

 

Interest, Dividends, Etc. A Non-U.S. Holder is subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or at a lower rate if provided by an applicable tax treaty and the Non-U.S. Holder provides the documentation (generally, IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E) required to claim benefits under such tax treaty to the applicable withholding agent) on its distributive share of any U.S. source interest (subject to certain exemptions), U.S. source dividends (including, in certain cases, dividend equivalent amounts) and certain other income received by us. We expect that the distributions from each SP to its associated Series will not be treated as U.S. source dividends for withholding purposes.

 

Effectively Connected Income. In general, a non-U.S. person that invests in an entity taxable as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes that is (directly or through entities treated as disregarded from their owners or as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes) “engaged in trade or business within the United States” is itself considered to be engaged in trade or business within the United States and is subject to U.S. federal income tax (including, possibly, in the case of a non-U.S. corporation, the “branch profits” tax), withholding and income tax return filing requirements with respect to its income effectively connected (or treated as effectively connected) with the U.S. trade or business (“ECI”). A non-U.S. person that fails to file a timely U.S. federal income tax return in respect of its ECI may subsequently be precluded from claiming deductions related to the ECI and may be subject to interest and penalties. We believe that each Series activities as currently contemplated generally will not involve being engaged in a trade or business within the United States as they consist essentially of the passive storage of Artwork for long-term investment without any expectation of receiving revenues prior to its sales. Moreover, all of the passive activities will be conducted by the Asset Manager and not the Series itself. As a result we do not expect any of Cayman, each SP and each Non-U.S. Holder to be treated as deriving ECI as a result of our activities.

 

U.S. Federal Estate Taxes for Non-U.S. Persons. Individual Non-U.S. Holders will be subject to U.S. federal estate tax on the value of U.S.-situs property owned at the time of their death. The Class A Shares that are owned or treated as owned by an individual Non-U.S. Holder at the time of such Non-U.S. Holder’s death may be considered U.S.-situs property for U.S. federal estate tax purposes and may be subject to U.S. federal estate tax unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.

 

Taxation of Tax Exempt Entities

 

A Holder who is a tax-exempt entity for U.S. tax purposes will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income or gain allocated to it by a Series or the Company, including any gain recognized by an SP upon the sale of its Artwork, since the activities of these entities are purely passive, and no leverage is intended to be used to acquire and hold the Artwork.  As such, the income or gain should not be considered “unrelated business taxable income.”

   

 Section 408(m) of the Code treats the acquisition of any collectible, including any work of art, as a distribution from an IRA or Section 401(k) retirement account. Distributions are taxable to the holder of the account and may be subject to early withdrawal penalties of 10% of such amount if the holder is not at least 59-1/2 years of age. The IRS could take the position that an investment in the Class A Shares, although not directly an investment in the Artwork, is tantamount to the acquisition of a collectible and therefore the investment should be treated as a taxable distribution. These rules apply if Benefit Plan Investors (which include IRA and Section 401(k) retirement accounts) acquire in the aggregate more than 24.9% of the Class A Shares in a particular Series or in the Company has a whole. The Company proposes to preclude Benefit Plan Investors from exceeding this aggregate investment limitation (including by restricting their bids at an Auction to the extent they would exceed the limitation), and to preclude Benefit Plan Investors from purchasing Class A Shares in secondary trading or acquiring them upon other transfers. However, there can be no assurance that the Company’s measures will assure compliance and that the investment limitations will not be exceeded. Due to this issue, we urge those Investors seeking to use their IRA and Section 401(k) retirement accounts to invest in Class A Shares to consult with a competent tax professional prior to making an investment decision.

 

 
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Administrative Matters

 

Tax Elections. The Managing Member will have the authority to act on our behalf with respect to tax audits and certain other tax matters and to make such elections under the Code and other relevant tax laws as the Managing Member deems necessary or appropriate.

 

Nominee Reporting. Persons who hold our Class A Shares as nominees for another person are required to furnish to us (i) the name, address and taxpayer identification number of the beneficial owner and the nominee; (ii) whether the beneficial owner is (1) a person that is not a U.S. person, (2) a foreign government, an international organization or any wholly owned agency or instrumentality of either of the foregoing, or (3) a tax exempt entity; (iii) the amount and description of Class A Shares held, acquired or transferred for the beneficial owner; and (iv) specific information including the dates of acquisitions and transfers, means of acquisitions and transfers, and acquisition costs for purchases, as well as the amount of net proceeds from sales. Brokers and financial institutions are required to furnish additional information, including whether they are U.S. persons and specific information on Class A Shares they acquire, hold or transfer for their own account. A penalty is imposed by the Code for failure to report that information to us. The nominee is required to supply the beneficial owner of the Class A Shares with the information furnished to us.

 

Taxable Year. We currently intend to use the calendar year as our taxable year for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Under certain circumstances which we currently believe are unlikely to apply, a taxable year other than the calendar year may be required for such purposes.

 

Partnership Audit Rules. We or the Holders may have potential tax liability in the event of an adjustment imposed as a result of a tax audit by the IRS. An audit resulting in an adjustment to any item of our income, gain, loss, deduction or credit (or adjustment of the allocation of any such items among the Holders), and any tax (including interest and penalties) attributable to such adjustment, may be determined and collected at the Company level in the year of such adjustment. In the event of any adjustment at the Company level, under the Operating Agreement, the Managing Member will allocate such tax among the Holders as equitably determined by the Managing Member, and each Holder may be required to contribute to the Company the amount of such tax allocated to it. As a result, a Holder may bear liability for the adjustment in an amount that exceeds the taxes that the Holder (or its predecessor in interest) would have paid if the adjustment had been applied at the Holder level. Alternatively, the Managing Member may elect to send an adjusted Schedule K-1 to each person who was a Holder in the taxable year reviewed on audit (the “Push-Out Election”). In that event, each such person (whether a current or former Holder) may elect to pay any resulting tax (including interest and penalties) or, in the case of a person that is itself treated as a partnership or other flow-through vehicle for U.S. federal income tax purposes, such person may further push out the adjustment to the next tier of partners. Non-U.S. Holders may be required to file U.S. tax returns as a result of a Push-Out Election. There is some uncertainty regarding the interpretation and implementation of these partnership audit procedures.

 

Treatment of Withholding Taxes. We will withhold and pay over any U.S. withholding taxes required to be withheld with respect to any Holder and will treat such withholding as a payment to such Holder. Such payment will be treated as a distribution to the extent that the Holder is then entitled to receive a cash distribution. To the extent that such payment exceeds the amount of any cash distribution to which such Holder is then entitled, such Holder shall be required to make prompt payment to us. Similar provisions would apply in the case of taxes withheld from a distribution to us.

 

 
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Information Reporting and Backup Withholding. If we are required to withhold any U.S. tax on distributions made to any Holder of Class A Shares, we will pay such withheld amount to the IRS. Amounts withheld generally will be reported annually to the IRS and to the Holders by the applicable withholding agent. Distributions made to a U.S. Holder may be subject to backup withholding, unless such U.S. Holder provides the appropriate documentation certifying that, among other things, its taxpayer identification number (“TIN”) is correct, or otherwise establishes an exemption. Such U.S. Holder should use an IRS Form W-9 for this purpose. If such U.S. Holder does not provide its correct TIN and other required information or an adequate basis for exemption, payments made to such U.S. Holder will be subject to backup withholding (currently, at a rate of 24%) and such U.S. Holder may be subject to a penalty imposed by the IRS. Exempt U.S. Holders (including, among others, all corporations) are not subject to these information reporting and backup withholding requirements, provided that, if required, they properly demonstrate their eligibility for exemption. In order for a Non-U.S. Holder to avoid backup withholding, such Non-U.S. Holder should submit the appropriate version of IRS Form W-8, attesting to such Non-U.S. Holder’s foreign status. The failure of such a Non-U.S. Holder to provide the appropriate IRS Form W-8 may result in backup withholding on some or all of the payments made to such Non-U.S. Holder. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules generally will be allowed as a refund or a credit against a Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability if the required information is furnished by such Holder on a timely basis to the IRS.

 

If you do not timely provide us with IRS Form W-8 or IRS Form W-9, as applicable, or such form is not properly completed, we may become subject to U.S. backup withholding taxes in excess of what would have been imposed had we received certifications from all Holders. Such excess U.S. backup withholding taxes may be treated by us as an expense that will be borne by all Holders on a pro rata basis (where we are or may be unable to cost efficiently allocate any such excess withholding tax cost specifically to the Holders that failed to timely provide the proper U.S. tax certifications).

 

The proper application to us of rules for withholding under Section 1441 of the Code (applicable to certain dividends, interest and similar items) is unclear. Because the documentation we receive may not properly reflect the identities of Holders at any particular time (in light of possible sales of Class A Shares), we may over-withhold or under-withhold with respect to a particular Holder. For example, we may impose withholding, remit that amount to the IRS and thus reduce the amount of a distribution paid to a Non-U.S. Holder. It may be determined, however, that the corresponding amount of our income was not properly allocable to such Non-U.S. Holder, and the withholding should have been less than the actual withholding. Such Non-U.S. Holder would be entitled to a credit against such Non-U.S. Holder’s U.S. tax liability for all withholding, including any such excess withholding, but if the withholding exceeded the Non-U.S. Holder’s U.S. tax liability, the Non-U.S. Holder would be required to apply for a refund to obtain the benefit of the excess withholding. Similarly, we may fail to withhold on a distribution, and it may be determined that the corresponding income was properly allocable to a Non-U.S. Holder and withholding should have been imposed. In that event, we may determine to pay the under-withheld amount to the IRS, and we may treat such under-withholding as an expense that will be borne by all partners on a pro rata basis (since we may be unable to allocate any such excess withholding tax cost to the relevant Non-U.S. Holder).

 

Certain Reporting Requirements

 

Certain U.S. Holders of our Class A Shares who either (i) invest (together with any person treated as related under certain U.S. tax rules) more than $100,000 in the Company during a 12-month period or (ii) hold, directly, indirectly or through certain attribution rules under the Code, at least 10% of the total voting power or total value of the Company, may be required to file Form 926, Return by a U.S. Transferor of Property to a Foreign Corporation, reporting certain transfers of cash or other property to foreign corporations. U.S. Holders that fail to comply with these reporting requirements may be subject to substantial penalties.

 

FATCA

 

Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code and related U.S. Treasury guidance (“FATCA”), a withholding tax of 30% will be imposed in certain circumstances on (i) payments of certain U.S. source income (including interest and dividends) and gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition after December 31, 2018, of property that can produce U.S. source interest or dividends (“withholdable payments”) and (ii) payments made after December 31, 2018 (or, if later, the date on which the final U.S. Treasury regulations that define “foreign passthrough payments” are published) by certain foreign financial institutions (such as banks, brokers, investment funds or certain holding companies) (“FFIs”) that are “attributable” to withholdable payments (“foreign passthrough payments”). It is uncertain at present when payments will be treated as “attributable” to withholdable payments. FATCA may also apply to certain non-U.S. entities held by or affiliated with us, including Cayman.

 

 
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Although the application of FATCA to a sale or other disposition of an interest in an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes is unclear, it is possible that the gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the Class A Shares may be subject to tax under FATCA. Each Holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the application of FATCA to an investment in the Company.

 

Certain State, Local and Non-U.S. Tax Considerations

 

The foregoing discussion does not address the U.S. state and local or non-U.S. tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class A Shares. Holders may be subject to certain U.S. state and local and non-U.S. taxation, and tax return filing requirements, in the jurisdictions of our activities or investments. Holders may not receive the relevant tax information prior to when their tax return reporting obligations become due and may need to file for extensions. Prospective Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding U.S. state and local and non-U.S. tax matters.

 

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS

 

State Securities – Blue Sky Laws

 

There is no established public market for the Class A Shares, and there can be no assurance that any market will develop in the foreseeable future. We currently do not intend to and may not be able to qualify the Class A Shares for resale in states which require them to be qualified before they can be resold by the holders. Accordingly, the transfer of Class A Shares may be restricted under the securities laws promulgated by various state and foreign jurisdictions, commonly referred to as “Blue Sky” laws. Absent compliance with such laws, the Class A Shares may not be traded in such jurisdictions. Executing trades on the Trading Platform through Dalmore, a broker-dealer who is registered in each state, should allow a seller or purchaser of Class A Shares to avoid Blue Sky transfer restriction, but trades facilitated through any other means of transfer will likely be subject to such transfer restrictions depending on the state where the trade is executed.

 

Restrictions Imposed by the USA PATRIOT Act and Related Acts

 

In accordance with the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, or the USA PATRIOT Act, the securities offered hereby may not be offered, sold, transferred or delivered, directly or indirectly, to any “unacceptable investor,” which means anyone who is:

 

 

·

A “designated national,” “specially designated national,” “specially designated terrorist,” “specially designated global terrorist,” “foreign terrorist organization,” or “blocked person” within the definitions set forth in the Foreign Assets Control Regulations of the United States, or U.S. Treasury Department;

 

 

 

 

·

Acting on behalf of, or an entity owned or controlled by, any government against whom the U.S. maintains economic sanctions or embargoes under the Regulations of the U.S. Treasury Department;

 

 

 

 

·

Within the scope of Executive Order 13224 — Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Persons who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism, effective September 24, 2001;

 

 

 

 

·

A person or entity subject to additional restrictions imposed by any of the following statutes or regulations and executive orders issued thereunder: the Trading with the Enemy Act, the National Emergencies Act, the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, the United Nations Participation Act, the International Security and Development Cooperation Act, the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994, the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act, the Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996, the Cuban Democracy Act, the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act and the Foreign Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs Appropriations Act or any other law of similar import as to any non-U.S. country, as each such act or law has been or may be amended, adjusted, modified or reviewed from time to time; or

 

 

 

 

·

Designated or blocked, associated or involved in terrorism, or subject to restrictions under laws, regulations, or executive orders as may apply in the future similar to those set forth above.

   

 
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LEGAL MATTERS

 

The validity of the securities offered by this offering circular will be passed upon for us by Buchalter, A Professional Corporation, 805 SW Broadway, Suite 1500, Portland, OR 97205.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We have filed an Offering Statement on Form 1-A with the SEC under Regulation A of the Securities Act with respect to the Class A Shares offered by this Offering Circular. This Offering Circular, which constitutes a part of the Offering Statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the Offering Statement or the exhibits and schedules filed therewith. Statements contained in this Offering Circular regarding the contents of any contract or any other document that is filed as an exhibit to the Offering Statement are not necessarily complete, and each such statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the full text of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Offering Statement. The Offering Statement, including its exhibits and schedules, may be inspected without charge at the public reference room maintained by the SEC, located at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549, and copies of all or any part of the Offering Statement may be obtained from such offices upon the payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room. The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC. The address of the site is www.sec.gov.

 

We also maintain through aShareX a website at www.aShareX.com. After the completion of each Offering, you may access these materials on our Investor Platform or at our website free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information contained on our Investor Platform or the website is not a part of this Offering Circular and the inclusion of our website address herein is an inactive textual reference only.

 

Under a Tier II, Regulation A offering, we will furnish the following reports, statements, and tax information to each holder of Class A Shares:

 

 

1.

Reporting Requirements under Tier II of Regulation A. Following the Closing of each Offering of Class A Shares, we will be required to comply with certain ongoing disclosure requirements under Rule 257 of Regulation A. We will be required to file an annual report with the SEC on Form 1-K; a semi-annual report with the SEC on Form 1-SA; current reports with the SEC on Form 1-U; and a notice under cover of Form 1-Z. The necessity to file current reports will be triggered by certain events, similar to the ongoing reporting obligation faced by issuers under the Securities Act; however the requirement to file a Form 1-U is expected to be triggered by significantly fewer events than that of the Form 8-K. Such reports and other information will be available for inspection and copying at the public reference room and on the SEC’s website referred to above.

 

 

 

 

2.

Annual Reports. As soon as practicable, but in no event later than one hundred twenty (120) days after the close of our fiscal year, ending on the last Sunday of a calendar year, the Managing Member will cause to be mailed or made available, by any reasonable means, to each holder of Class A Shares as of a date selected by the Managing Member, an annual report containing the financial statements for the Company and the Series for such fiscal year, presented in accordance with GAAP, including a balance sheet and statements of operations, company equity and cash flows, with such statements having been audited by an accountant selected by the Company. The Company shall be deemed to have made a report available to each holder of Class A Shares as required if it has either (i) filed such report with the SEC via its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval, or EDGAR, system and such report is publicly available on such system or (ii) made such report available on any website maintained by us and our affiliate and available for viewing by holder of Class A Shares.

 

 

 

 

3.

Tax Information. As soon as practicable following the end of each calendar year, we will send to each holder of Class A Shares such tax information as shall be reasonably required for federal income tax reporting purposes. Because of the business structure in which revenues and profits are not expected until the Artwork is sold by a particular Series and all Offering and Operating Expenses are paid by the Asset Manager, it is anticipated that each Series will not have any items of income, gain, loss or deduction to be allocated to its Class A Members until the year in which the Artwork is sold. The Asset Manager will provide each Investor receiving Class A Shares in an Offering with the information required to make a QEF election on its federal income tax return for the year in which the Offering is closed.

 

 
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ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

 

Best Efforts Offering of

Class A Shares in Series

 

OFFERING CIRCULAR

 

PART III – EXHIBITS

 

Index to Exhibits

 

Exhibit No.

 

Exhibit Description

 

 

 

2.1

 

Certificate of Formation of aShareX Fine Art, LLC filed with Delaware Secretary of State on January 13, 2023 *

2.2

 

Form of Limited Liability Company Agreement of aShareX Fine Art, LLC*

3.1

 

Series Designation for aShareX Fine Art Series 10*

4.1

 

Form of Auction Agreement*

4.2

 

Form of Subscription Agreement*

6.1

 

Form of Asset Management and Administrative Services Agreement*

6.2

 

Form of License Agreement*

6.3

 

Broker-Dealer Agreement, dated February 8, 2023, by and between aShareX Fine Art, LLC and Dalmore Group, LLC*

8.1

 

Form of Escrow Agreement among North Capital Private Securities Corporation, Dalmore Group, LLC and aShareX Fine Art, LLC*

10.1

 

Power of Attorney (incorporated by reference to the Offering Statement on Form 1-A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 10, 2023)

11.1

 

Consent of Buchalter, a Professional Corporation (included in Exhibit 12.1)***

12.1

 

Form of Opinion of Buchalter, a Professional Corporation***

 

* Filed herewith

** To be filed by amendment, as applicable.

*** Executed Opinion to be filed by amendment

 

 
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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation A, the issuer certifies that it has reasonable ground to believe that it meets all the requirements for filing on Form 1-A and has duly caused this offering statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Los Angeles, State of California, on March 17, 2023.

  

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

       
By:

/s/ Alan Snyder

 

Name:

Alan Snyder

 
  Title: 

Chief Executive Officer of aShareX Fine Art, LLC and Director

 
       

 

Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation A, this Form 1-A has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on March 17, 2023.

  

Name

 

Title

 

/s/ Alan Snyder

 

 

Chief Executive Officer of aShareX Fine Art, LLC and Director

Alan Snyder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

 

(Principal Executive Officer)

*

 

 

Chief Financial Officer of aShareX Fine Art, LLC and Director

Eric Arinsburg, Director and Chief Financial Officer

 

(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

 

General Counsel of aShareX Fine Art, LLC and Director

J. Nicholson Thomas, Director and General Counsel

 

(Principal Legal Officer)

 

*By:

/s/ Alan Snyder

 

 

 

Alan Snyder

 

 

 

Attorney-in-fact

 

 

 

Each such Person also serves on the Board of Directors of aShareX Fine Art, SPC and aShareX Holdings, LLC

 

 
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APPENDIX A

 

USE OF CERTAIN TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

 

Definitions Relative to the Class A Share and Ownership Structure

 

Acquisition Cost means the cost of each Artwork to be acquired by a Series comprised of the Hammer Price, Buyer’s Premium, Sourcing Fee and, if applicable, any sales or similar taxes imposed on the sale.

 

AML means “anti-money laundering” rules and screening intended to provide the Company with assurance that a potential investor’s funds are not from an illicit source.

 

Artwork means, with respect to a Series, the piece or pieces of fine art purchased by the Series upon the Closing of the applicable Offering.

 

Asset Manager means aShareX Management, LLC, or its legal successors or permitted assigns.

 

aShareX Parties means, collectively or individually (an “aShareX Party”), each of aShareX, Inc., aShareX Holdings, LLC, aShareX Management, LLC, and each of their directors (including advisory board members), managers, officers, representatives, and direct and beneficial owners, whether past or present, and each of the directors, managers, officers and representatives of the Company Group Members serving at the request of the Managing Member.

 

Auction means the auction to be conducted to bid on each Artwork at which potential investors will bid, through use of the Auction Platform, as fractional bidders or individually as a 100% Bidder to purchase the Artwork.

 

Auction Agreement means the agreement to be executed by each potential investor prior to an Auction confirming, among other matters, (a) certain investor representations and warranties, including as to its status as a Qualified Purchaser, (b) its legal obligation to fund a capital contribution to the applicable Series equal to its Winning Bid and to execute a Subscription Agreement subscribing for the associated Class A Shares or other Class A Shares, and (c) its agreement to be bound by the terms of the Operating Agreement.

 

Auction Platform means the proprietary auction platform developed by aShareX to enable potential investors to bid either as Fractional Bidders or 100% Bidders to bid as a group in real-time to purchase the subject Artwork.

 

Benefit Plan Investor means (a) any “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) any “plan” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code) that is subject to Section 4975 of the Code, (c) any entity that is deemed to hold plan assets of any plan described in (a) or (b) by virtue such plan’s investment in that entity. A Benefit Plan Investor includes an IRA or Section 401(k) retirement plan account.

 

Broker means Dalmore Group, LLC or any Person who has been appointed by the Managing Member and specified in any Series Designation to provide execution and other services relating to an Offering by the Company.

 

Cayman means aShareX Fine Art, SPC, a Cayman Islands segregated portfolio company wholly owned by the Company.

 

Certificate of Formation means the Certificate of Formation of the Company filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

 

Class A Members means, as to any Series, a holder of Class A Shares in such Series.

 

Class A Shares mean the class of securities of a Series issued to the Investors upon the Closing of the associated Offering.

 

Class B Shares mean the class of securities of a Series issued to the Managing Member.

 

 
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Closing means the successful completion of an Offering.

 

Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect from time to time. Any reference herein to a specific section or sections of the Code shall be deemed to include a reference to any corresponding provision of any successor law.

 

Company means aShareX Fine Art, LLC, a Delaware series limited liability company, and any successors thereto.

 

Company Group Member means the Company, Cayman, each Series and each SP.

 

Company Majority Vote means approval of the matter affecting the Company and not solely any particular Series by the holders of 50% of the Class A Shares of all the Series in the aggregate, weighting each Series based on the aggregate Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued by such Series in comparison to the aggregate Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued by all Series as described below under Voting Rights.

 

Delaware Act means the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. Section 18-101, et seq.

 

DGCL means the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, 8 Del. C. Section 101, et seq.

 

ERISA means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

 

Escrow Agent means North Capital or such other Person designated by the Managing Member as the escrow agent for the Company with respect to a specific Offering.

 

Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

Executing Broker means Dalmore or other registered broker-dealer who executes trades of Class A Shares in the Secondary Market through utilization of the Trading Platform.

 

Extraordinary Expenses for each Series or SP has the meaning assigned to such term in the Asset Management Agreement.

 

GAAP means United States generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied, as in effect from time to time.

 

Investment Advisers Act means the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.

 

Investment Company Act means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

Investors mean those Persons who acquire Class A Shares in a Series upon the Closing of an Offering or who acquire such securities as a transferee or in a subsequent offering of the securities.

 

Investor Platform means the proprietary platform available to potential and actual investors and other registered users who have a user profile to browse and screen potential art investments, glean information as to their investment in a Series or the Company, review the Company’s SEC and other regulatory filings, review tax and financial information concerning the associated Series, review the Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement related to an Offering and place bid or ask requests concerning a potential trade of the Class A Shares.

 

KYC means “know your customer” rules which are intended to assure that the Company has pre-screened potential investors to ensure they are eligible to invest.

 

Managing Member means aShareX Holdings, LLC, or its legal successors or permitted assigns, in its capacity as, the managing member of the Company or a Series, as the context implies.

 

 
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Majority Vote means, with reference to a Series, the approval of a matter affecting only Series (such as a sale of its Artwork) by those holders who own more than 50% of the Voting Shares casting votes in respect such matter.

 

Member means each member of the Company associated with a Series, including, unless the context otherwise requires, the Managing Member and each Class A Member of that Series.

 

Net Sales Proceeds means, with respect to each Series, at the time its Artwork is sold, the amount by which the cash proceeds from the sale exceed the sum of (i) the costs associated with such sale (and any prior aborted sale), including taxes and any seller commission or other fees paid to the Auction House or other seller intermediary for facilitating the sale, (ii) the outstanding balance of any loans with respect to Extraordinary Expenses owed by such Series, and (iii) the expected costs of liquidating the applicable Series and SP and creating a reserve, as determined by the Managing Member in its reasonable discretion, for contingent expenses or liabilities.

 

North Capital means North Capital Private Securities Corporation which operates the Trading Platform.

 

Offering means an offering of Class A Interests in a Series to potential investors with the proceeds to be used to fund the Acquisition Cost of the associated Artwork.

 

Offering Expenses means in respect of each Series, the fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with an Offering, consisting of the fee and other expenses payable to the Broker for the purchase of Class A Shares upon the Closing of an Offering for each successful Offering, SEC and FINRA filing and registration costs, legal, accounting and auditing costs, escrow and transfer agent fees, and compliance costs related to a specific Offering.

 

Offering Price the price per share upon which the Class A Shares are sold upon the Closing of an Offering.

 

Operating Agreement means the Company’s Limited Liability Company Agreement, as amended or restated from time to time and attached as an exhibit to the Offering Statement.

 

Operating Expenses generally mean the ordinary and routine expenses of the Company Group Members associated with their formation and operation.

 

PPEX ATS means the Trading Platform operated by North Capital which facilitates trades in the secondary market by allowing the Executing Broker to match bid and asks requests.

 

Prime Rate means the prime rate published by the Wall Street Journal (or comparable publication of wide circulation if the Wall Street Journal ceases publication.

 

Protected Person means each aShareX Party and other persons entitled to indemnification under the Operating Agreement for their acts or omissions with respect to, among other matters, an Offering, the Artwork or a Company Group Member, excluding acts or omissions ultimately determined in a non-appealable judicial decision to constitute fraud or intentional misconduct.

 

Purchase Price means the Hammer Price and the Buyer’s Premium.

 

Qualified Purchaser: is defined under Regulation A of the Securities Exchange Act and generally means (i) an Accredited Investor, and (ii) all other investors (“non-accredited investors”) so long as their investment in the Class A Interests or other Class A Interests does not represent more than 10% of the greater of their annual income or net worth (for natural persons), or 10% of the greater of annual revenue or net assets at fiscal year-end (for non-natural persons).

 

SEC means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

Series means each series established by the Company to acquire through bidding a specific Artwork to be sold at Auction and to thereafter hold and maintain the Artwork through its ownership of the associated SP.

 

 
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Series Designation means the rights and obligations of a particular Series established by the Company pursuant to a designation attached as amendment to the Operating Agreement.

 

Sourcing Fee means the sourcing fee paid to the Asset Manager by the Investors in a particular Series equal to four percent (4%) of the Purchase Price of the Artwork acquired by such Series.

 

SP means a segregated portfolio established by Cayman to own a specific Artwork.

 

Subscription Agreement means the agreement to be executed by each Investor (i) reconfirming, among other matters, the representations and warranties made in its Auction Agreement, (ii) subscribing for Class A Shares equivalent in price to its portion of the Winning Bid, and (iii) confirming its adherence to the terms of the Agreement.

 

Trading Platform means the Public Private Execution Network Alternative Trading System, or PPEX ATS, licensed to the Company by North Capital to permit trading of the Class A Interests in the Secondary Market.

 

Transfer Agent means Vertalo, Inc. or such other Person designated by the Managing Member as the transfer agent for the Company with respect to a specific Offering.

 

Super Majority Vote means approval of the matter by the holders of 66.66% of the Class A Shares of all the Series in the aggregate, weighting each Series based on the aggregate Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued by such Series in comparison to the aggregate Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued by all Series as described below under Voting Rights.

 

Voting Shares means the outstanding Class A Shares of a particular Series entitled to vote on a particular matter, excluding (a) Class A Shares whose voting rights have been expressly negated by the holder and (b) any Class A Shares held by the aShareX Parties, except that such shares will be counted for quorum purposes, and they will be counted for voting purposes in connection with any vote to approve the sale or disposition of the Artwork associated with such Series.

 

Definitions Relative to an Auction

 

100% Bid means a bid by one person for the entire Artwork

 

100% Bidder means a person placing a 100% Bid.

 

Buyer’s Premium means a form of selling commission, generally a percentage of the Hammer Price, based on a graduated scale set by each Auction House, and paid by the buyer of the Artwork.

 

Fractional Bid means a bid for a number of shares less that the total number of shares offered for the Artwork.

 

Fractional Bidder means a potential investor that places a Fractional Bid.

 

Hammer Price means the price at which an auctioneer declares the winning bid for the Artwork.

 

Limit Bid means a Fractional Bid or 100% Bid placed in a higher Price Bucket than the current Price Bucket, and included in all Price Buckets up to and including the Limit Bid Price Bucket.

 

Price Bucket means a representation of a price point in the bidding.

 

Seller’s Commission means the amount charged by an Auction House to the Seller of the Artwork for the sale which can be a percentage of the proceeds received for the art piece.

 

Valid Bid means the point in time when the total number of shares bid for by Fractional Bidders in a Price Bucket equals the total number of shares offered for the Artwork.

 

Winning Bid means a bid submitted by a potential investor on the Auction Platform that is at or above the price point that prevails in winning the Auction.

 

 
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APPENDIX B

 

SERIES OFFERING TABLE

 

Series Name

 

Artwork1

 

Full Description

 

Min. Offering Price per Class A Share1,2

 

 

Max. Offering Price per Class A Share1,2

 

 

Class A Shares

 

 

Maximum Offering Size1

 

 

Opening Date

 

Closing Date

 

Status

 

aShareX Fine Art Series ___, SP

 

[TBD]

 

Appendix D-1

 

$ 10.00

 

 

$ 12.00

 

 

 

1,000,000

 

 

$ 12,000,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Not Yet Launched

 

 

 

(1)

The artwork and price range included here is for sample purposes only. The actual Artwork description and price range will be included by amendment once the actual Artwork associated with the initial Series is identified.

 

 

 

 

(2)

In accordance with Rule 253 promulgated under the Securities Act, the range must not exceed 20% if the upper end of the price range is over $10. The exact price will be set by the winning bid for the Artwork submitted by the Investors at an Auction utilizing the Company’s Auction Platform. If the price set by the Auction process varies from the price range set forth in the Preliminary Offering Statement qualified with the SEC, the Company will amend the price by Offering Supplement so long as the aggregate offering amount based on the actual price is within the price range set forth above, or any change in price represents no more than a 20% change from the maximum aggregate offering price calculable using the information in the qualified Offering Statement. If the change in price represents more than a 20% change from the maximum aggregate offering price calculable using the information in the qualified Offering Statement, the Company must amend the Offering Statement and have it qualified by the SEC prior to accepting any Subscription Agreements. No commitments to invest or funds will be accepted except pursuant to an Offering Statement qualified with the SEC. The Auction process is described in greater detail under “Description of Business-Auction Platform” below.

  

 
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APPENDIX C

 

USE OF PROCEEDS BY SERIES

 

aShareX Fine Art Series 10

Use of Proceeds

Cost Formula

Estimated Cost1

Estimated Purchase Price (consisting of, as applicable, Hammer Price, Buyer’s Premium,2 Seller’s Commission

Hammer Price + Buyer’s Premium2 + Seller’s Commission (if Any)

$9,216,000 - $11,520,000

Taxes

[  ]

Sourcing Fee to Asset Manager (which will be used by the Asset Manager to pay Offering Expenses, Escrow Agent fees, Transfer Agent fees)

4% of Purchase Price

$384,000 - $480,000

 

*1% Dalmore fee is being paid by Managing Member

 

1 The price range included here is for sample purposes only.

 

2 The Buyer’s Premium (inclusive of any additional “Overhead Premium,” if applicable) for the New York salesroom of each of the major auction houses as of the date of this Offering Circular is as follows (percentages and USD amounts relate to the Hammer Price):

 

Sotheby’s

 

Christie’s

 

Phillips

 

 

 

 

 

26% up to and including $400,000

 

25% up to and including $600,000

 

26% up to and including $600,000

21% from $400,001 to $4.0 million

 

20% from $600,001 to $6.0 million

 

21% from $600,001 to $6.0 million

14.9% above $4.0 million

 

14.5% above $6.0 million

 

14.5% above $6.0 million

 

 
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APPENDIX D

 

[SAMPLE ARTWORK DESCRIPTION – DESCRIPTION OF ACTUAL ARTWORK TO BE TO BE FILED BY AMENDMENT, AS APPLICABLE.]

 

[Because the time necessary for the SEC to review this Preliminary Offering Circular is uncertain, the Company cannot yet identify a particular Artwork that will be available for sale.  It is anticipated that the actual Artwork will be identified when the Company has further information with respect to the SEC’s review.  The description of the actual Artwork will be filed by amendment prior to qualification.]

 

The Artwork

 

The Artist.  Lucio Fontana (1899-1968), an influential Argentine-Italian painter and sculptor, is celebrated for founding Spatialism, a series of manifestos dating from the late 1940s to early 1950s, proposing that matter should be infiltrated by energy in order to generate dimensional, dynamic artistic forms, and for his ties to Arte Povera.  He executed his unique paintings by use of bright colors, mixed media, and slash cuts to the canvas.  Fontana implemented his Spatialism theory in his monochromatic series Concetto Spaziale (“special concept”), the series for which the artist is perhaps most famous, punching holes in the picture plane and slicing through his canvases in order to expose the dimensional space beneath and integrate a fourth dimension into visual art.

 

Throughout his artistic career, which included an inexhaustible output of paintings, ceramic sculptures, light-based installations, and beyond – the artist demonstrated a relentless interest in surface and dimensionality; his material explorations helped blur the boundaries between two-dimensional and three-dimensional disciplines.  Fontana’s innovative theories subverted traditional aesthetic boundaries and prefigured later developments in environmental and land art, performance art, and Arte Povera.  Fontana died at the age of 69 in September 1968 in Varese, Italy, just two years after being awarded the Grand Prize for painting at the Venice Biennale.

 

The ArtworkThe Artwork is an example of a green version of the revered Concetto Spaziale (spatial concept) series, and last appeared at auction in 1997.  Titled “Concetto Spaziale, Attese,” the Artwork stems from Fontana’s Concetto Spaziale body of work that explores dimensional space.  It was executed after the end of World War II in the decade between 1958 and 1968, the most formative decade of Fontana’s career.  It was from this work that his signature slash series of layered monochromatic works riddled with buchi (holes) and tagli (cuts) came, the deep lacerations in the canvases revealing a dark ground within.  The work is a waterpaint on canvas and its dimensions are: 38.78 x 51.18 in (98.5 x 130 cm).  It is titled, signed, and inscribed on the reverse: Concetto Spaziale / l. fontana / ATTESE / Questo colore verde mi rasserena / con tutti.

 

The canvas is colored in brilliant green hues that are totally contrary to the rare and celebrated, but still impersonal series of white canvases.  The chromatic combinations build a dialogue between the canvas and cuts, while also eliciting a different emotional reaction from a viewer.  It is Part of Fontana’s venerated series of tagli, this work exemplifies Fontana’s transformative practice of mutilating canvas to challenge both physical and philosophical concepts of space.  Fontana described these cuts, which echo the wounds of Christ on the cross, as “a philosophical statement, an act of faith in the infinite, an affirmation of spirituality.” The surgical precision of such marks carries not only a philosophical statement tied to the divine, but also a philosophical consideration of dimensionality, juxtiposing, if not challenging preconceptions of surface and depth, tradition and contemporaneity.  This artwork possesses 11 vertical, cadent incisions, relatively evenly spaced across a horizontal structure.

 

The gestural nature of creation in the Artwork calls to mind not only Fontana’s classical sculpture training, but also the rigorous process of direct carving and sculpting a material of similar striking, if not seductive, limpidness.  Within this series, the greater number of tagli or buchi tend to play a proportionate role, along with additional determining factors such as rarity of color (white being the rarest), scale, and provenance, in determining a greater value.  More tagli, therefore, rationalize a greater value.

 

Fontana was known for his insistence upon the importance of titles, with one given to each of his works.  In this Artwork, as well as many of Fontana’s works, the word attese is added to the end of the title.  This translates to “waiting” or “expectation” and underscores the anticipatory reflection these works are intended to evoke and provoke.  The Concetto Spaziale series emphasize the canvas not as a painting or a sculpture, but as a dynamic place for action to take place and for energy to pour forth.

 

 
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Fontana is regarded as a mature, blue-chip artist with steady international presence.  The market for his works has taken off in recent years, with approximately 200 works having passed the USD 1 million mark at auction since his work saw that milestone in 2004.  Fontana’s widely acclaimed shaped, oval canvases continue to fare well at auction; the artist’s current record on the secondary auction market stands USD 29,173,000 for Concetto Spaziale, La fine di Dio (1964, oil on shaped canvas), set at Christie’s New York in the November 2015 Post-War & Contemporary Evening Sale.  The unsold rate for works by Fontana remains relatively low – at 16.67% as of December 2021 – when compared to works of the same price by other artists.  Total sales peaked in 2015 when 233 of 297 lots sold, grossing nearly $216 million USD in total realized auction prices.

 

Provenance; Exhibition HistoryThe provenance for the Artwork is the Giuseppe Cohen Collection, Turin, the sale by Sotheby’s, London, on December 10, 1997, Lot 3, and a private collection.  It was exhibited at the Verona, Palazzo Forti – Galleria d’Arte Moderna e Contemporanea, Lucio Fontana: metafore barocche, from October 26, 2002 through March 9, 2003, nr. 29.  The following are known publications and literary references:

 

 

·

Cirlot, Juan Eduwardo and Gustavo Gili, ed., Lucio Fontana, Barcelona 1966, pg. 41, ill.

 

 

 

 

·

Exh. Cat., Cortenova, Giorgio, Lucio Fontana metafore barocche, Marsilio Editori, Venice, 2002, pg. 71, n. 29 (100x130), ill.

 

 

 

 

·

Crispolti, Enrico, ed., Lucio Fontana, catalogo ragionato di sculture, dipinti, ambientazioni, Vol. II, Skira, Milan, 2006, pg. 711, n. 64 T 26, ill.

 

 

 

 

·

Crispolti, Enrico, ed., Lucio Fontana, Catalogue raisonné des peintures, sculptures, et environments spatiaux, Vol. II, La Connaissance, Brussels, 1974, pg. 152-53, n. 64 T 26, ill.

 

 

 

 

·

Pellegrini, Enrico, Buchi e tagli di Lucio Fontana, AR / Politecnico di Torino, Facoltà di architettura, Instituto di elementi di architettura e rilievo dei monumenti, Quaderni di studio, Turin, 1966, pg. 13, ill.

 

History of Selected Similar Sales.

 

 

·

December 3, 2021, Post-War & Contemporary Art, Christie’s, Paris, Lot 14, Lucio Fontana (Argentine-Italian, 1899-1968), Concetto Spaziale, Attese, 1967, Waterpaint on canvas, 21 ½ x 25 5/8 in (54 x 65 cm), Signed, titled, and inscribed I. Fontana “Concetto Spaziale ATTESE” Questo Quadro è verde à 5 tagli on the reverse, Artist Resale Right Regulations 2006, Estimate: 650,000-850,000 EUR (717,178-937,890 USD), Realized Sale (with Buyer’s Premium): 800,000 EUR (904,479 USD)

 

 

 

 

·

November 15, 2021, The Macklowe Collection, Sotheby’s, New York, Lot 15, Lucio Fontana (Argentine-Italian, 1899-1968), Concetto Spaziale, Attese, 1965, Waterpaint on canvas, 45 x 57 ½ in (114.3 x 146.1 cm), Signed, titled, and inscribed L’ultima crono gela il Tour, primo Gimondi o Polidor??? On the reverse, Guaranteed property, Estimate 8,000,000-12,000,000 USD, Realized Sale (with Buyer’s Premium): 12,788,100 USD

 

 

 

 

·

October 15, 2021, 20th/21st Century: Evening Sale Including Thinking Italian, London, Christie’s, London, Lot 20A, Lucio Fontana (Argentine-Italian, 1899-1968), Concetto Spaziale, Attese, 1964-1965, Waterpaint on canvas, 28 ¾ x 36 ¼ in (73 x 92 cm), Signed, titled, and inscribed ‘ATTESE l. Fontana “Concetto Spaziale” Questo Quadro è stato esposto in Svizzera on the reverse, Minimum price guaranteed, Estimate: 3,000,000-5,000,000 GBP (4,232,346-7,053,910 USD), Realized Sale (with Buyer’s Premium): 3,712,500 GBP (5,237,528 USD)

 

 

 

 

·

June 26, 2018, Contemporary Art Evening Auction, Sotheby’s, London, Lot 39, Lucio Fontana (Argentine-Italian, 1899-1968), Concetto Spaziale, Attese, 1959, Waterpaint on canvas, 39 ½ x 49 3/8 in (100.5 x 125.3 cm), Signed, titled, and inscribed anno 300 on the reverse, Estimate: 900,000-1,200,000 GBP (1,191,972-1,589,296 USD), Realized Sale (with Buyer’s Premium): 850,000 EUR (1,125,751 USD)

 

 
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  EXHIBIT 2.1

 

 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 
 

 

 

EXHIBIT 2.2

 

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT

OF

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

 

PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS ARE NOT TO CONSTRUE THE CONTENTS OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY PRIOR OR SUBSEQUENT COMMUNICATIONS FROM THE COMPANY, THE MANAGING MEMBER OR THEIR AFFILIATES, OR ANY PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATED WITH THE OFFERING OF EQUITY IN THE COMPANY, AS LEGAL, TAX OR INVESTMENT ADVICE.  EACH INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT WITH AND RELY ON HIS OR HER OWN ADVISORS AS TO THE LEGAL, TAX AND/OR ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE INVESTMENT DESCRIBED IN THIS AGREEMENT AND ITS SUITABILITY FOR SUCH INVESTOR.  AN INVESTMENT IN THE SERIES OF CLASS A SHARES OF A SERIES ESTABLISHED BY THE COMPANY CARRIES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK AND IS ONLY SUITABLE FOR AN INVESTOR WHO CAN AFFORD LOSS OF HIS OR HER ENTIRE INVESTMENT IN SUCH CLASS A SHARES.

 

THE CLASS A SHARES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY OTHER STATE.  ACCORDINGLY, THE CLASS A SHARES OF A SERIES MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED IN THE ABSENCE OF AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT OR A VALID EXEMPTION FROM SUCH REGISTRATION.

 

 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

Page

 

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS

 

1

 

 

Section 1.1 Definitions

 

1

 

 

Section 1.2 Construction

 

11

 

ARTICLE II ORGANIZATION

 

11

 

 

Section 2.1 Formation

 

11

 

 

Section 2.2 Name

 

11

 

Section 2.3 Registered Office; Registered Agent; Principal Office; Other Offices

 

12

 

 

Section 2.4 Purpose

 

12

 

 

Section 2.5 Acquisition of Artwork

 

12

 

 

Section 2.6 Power of Attorney

 

13

 

 

Section 2.7 Term

 

14

 

 

Section 2.8 Title to Assets

 

15

 

 

Section 2.9 Certificate of Formation

 

15

 

ARTICLE III MEMBERS, SERIES AND CLASS A SHARES

 

15

 

 

Section 3.1 Members

 

15

 

 

Section 3.2 Capital Contributions

 

17

 

 

Section 3.3 Series of the Company

 

18

 

 

Section 3.4 Authorization to Issue Class A Shares

 

21

 

 

Section 3.5 Voting Rights of Class A Shares Generally

 

21

 

 

Section 3.6 Record Holders

 

22

 

 

Section 3.7 Share Certificates

 

22

 

 

Section 3.8 Fractional Shares

 

22

 

Section 3.9 Agreements

 

22

 

ARTICLE IV REGISTRATION AND TRANSFER OF CLASS A SHARES

 

22

 

 

Section 4.1 Maintenance of a Register

 

22

 

 

Section 4.2 Ownership Limitations

 

23

 

 

Section 4.3 Transfer of Class A Shares and Obligations of the Managing Member

 

25

 

 

Section 4.4 Remedies for Breach

 

26

 

Section 4.5 Pledging the Class A Shares

 

26

 

ARTICLE V MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF THE COMPANY AND EACH SERIES

 

26

 

 

Section 5.1 Power and Authority of Managing Member

 

26

 

 

Section 5.2 Determinations by the Managing Member

 

28

 

 

Section 5.3 Delegation

 

29

 

  

 

i

 

 

 

Section 5.4 Advisory Board

 

29

 

 

Section 5.5 Exculpation, Indemnification, Advances and Insurance

 

30

 

 

Section 5.6 Duties of Officers

 

32

 

 

Section 5.7 Standards of Conduct and Modification of Duties of the Managing Member

 

33

 

 

Section 5.8 Reliance by Third Parties

 

33

 

 

Section 5.9 Appointment of the Asset Manager

 

 

 

ARTICLE VI FEES AND EXPENSES

 

35

 

 

Section 6.1 Expenses Payable by the Managing Member

 

35

 

 

Section 6.2 Extraordinary Expenses; Extraordinary Loans

 

35

 

 

Section 6.3 Sale or Purchase of Artwork

 

35

 

 

Section 6.4 Overhead of the Managing Member

 

36

 

ARTICLE VII DISTRIBUTIONS

 

36

 

 

Section 7.1 Distributions in Respect of a Series

 

36

 

 

Section 7.2 Distributions in Respect of the Company

 

36

 

 

Section 7.3 Timing of Distributions

 

36

 

 

Section 7.4 Distributions in kind

 

37

 

ARTICLE VIII BOOKS, RECORDS, ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS

 

37

 

 

Section 8.1 Records and Accounting

 

37

 

 

Section 8.2 Fiscal Year

 

38

 

ARTICLE IX TAX MATTERS

 

38

 

Section 9.1 Capital Accounts

 

38

 

 

Section 9.2 Tax Allocations

 

39

 

 

Section 9.3 Tax Matters

 

39

 

ARTICLE X REMOVAL OF THE MANAGING MEMBER AND ASSET MANAGER

 

41

 

Section 10.1 Removal

 

41

 

Section 10.2 Asset Manager

 

42

 

Section 10.3 Managing Member

 

42

 

ARTICLE XI DISSOLUTION, TERMINATION AND LIQUIDATION

 

42

 

 

Section 11.1 Dissolution and Termination

 

42

 

 

Section 11.2 Liquidator; Dissolution of the Company

 

43

 

 

Section 11.3 Liquidation of a Series

 

44

 

 

Section 11.4 Cancellation of Certificate of Formation

 

44

 

 

Section 11.5 Return of Contributions; Negative Capital Account Balances

 

45

 

 

Section 11.6 Waiver of Partition

 

45

 

 

 

ii

 

 

ARTICLE XII AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT, SERIES DESIGNATION

45

 

 

Section 12.1 General

 

45

 

 

Section 12.2 Certain Amendments to this Agreement

 

46

 

 

Section 12.3 Amendment Approval Process

 

47

 

 

Section 12.4 Self-Imposed Limitation on Voting Rights

 

47

 

 

Section 12.5 Matters Reserved to the Managing Member

 

47

 

ARTICLE XIII MEMBER MEETINGS

48

 

 

Section 13.1 Meetings

 

48

 

 

Section 13.2 Quorum

 

48

 

 

Section 13.3 Voting

 

48

 

 

Section 13.4 Record Date

 

49

 

 

Section 13.5 Managing Member Approval

 

49

 

 

Section 13.6 Actions by Members without a Meeting

 

49

 

 

Section 13.7 aShareX Party Votes

 

49

 

ARTICLE XIV CONFIDENTIALITY

49

 

 

Section 14.1 Confidentiality Obligations

 

49

 

 

Section 14.2 Exempted information

 

50

 

 

Section 14.3 Permitted Disclosures

 

50

 

ARTICLE XV GENERAL PROVISIONS

 

51

 

 

Section 15.1 Addresses and Notices

 

51

 

 

Section 15.2 Further Action

 

51

 

 

Section 15.3 Binding Effect

 

51

 

 

Section 15.4 Integration

 

51

 

 

Section 15.5 Creditors

 

52

 

 

Section 15.6 Waiver

 

52

 

 

Section 15.7 Counterparts

 

52

 

 

Section 15.8 Applicable Law and Jurisdiction

 

52

 

 

Section 15.9 Invalidity of Provisions

 

53

 

 

Section 15.10 Consent of Members

 

53

 

   

 

iii

 

 

LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT

OF

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

 

This LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT OF ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC (this Agreement) is entered into between aShareX Fine Art, LLC, a Delaware series limited liability company (the “Company”) and aShareX Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Managing Member”), effective as of January 13, 2023 (the “Effective Date”). Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in Section 1.1.

 

A. The Company was formed as a series limited liability company under Section 18-215 of the Delaware Act pursuant to a certificate of formation filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on the Effective Date.

 

B. This Agreement is intended to govern the operations of the Company and each Series it designates, as well as the rights and obligations of the Members.

 

ARTICLE I

 

DEFINITIONS

 

Section 1.1 Definitions. The following definitions shall be for all purposes, unless otherwise clearly indicated to the contrary, applied to the terms used in this Agreement.

 

100% Bid means a bid by one Person for the entire Artwork.

 

100% Bidder means a Person placing a 100% Bid.

 

Abort Costs means all fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with any Artwork proposals pursued by the Company or a Series that do not proceed to completion.

 

Accredited Investors means as defined under Rule 501(a) of Regulation D.

 

Acquisition Cost means the cost of each Artwork to be acquired by a Series comprised of the Hammer Price, Buyer’s Premium, Taxes and Sourcing Fee.

 

Acquisition Date means, as to any Artwork, the date the Artwork is purchased by the associated Series.

 

Additional Series Member means, as to any Series, a Person admitted as a Series Member in accordance with Article III as a result of an issuance of Class A Shares to such Person in a Subsequent Offering, for so long as such Person remains an Additional Series Member, and its successors and assigns who are admitted as Series Members.

  

Adjustment Year has the meaning ascribed to said phrase under Section 6225(d)(2) of the Code.

 

 
1
 

 

Advisory Board has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.4.

 

Affiliate means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Person in question. As used herein, the term control means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the Company Group Members shall be deemed an Affiliate of an aShareX Party.

 

Aggregate Investment Limit means, (a) as to Benefit Plan Investors, an investment that would result in a Benefit Plan Investor owning, when aggregated with the holdings of all other Benefit Plan Investors, more than 24.9% of the Class A Shares in any Series, (b) as to an Investor who is not an Accredited Investor, means an investment in Class A Shares of a Series which, when aggregated with its investment in the Class A Shares of all other Series, will exceed 10% of the greater of his or her annual income or net worth, in the case of an individual, or 10% of its net income or net worth, in the case of an entity, in each case as certified by the Investor in its Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement, and (c) as to all other Investors, such investment limit as the Managing Member may impose on its net income, net worth and/or liquidity.

 

Aggregate Offering Price means, as to any Series, the product obtained by multiplying (i) the number of Class A Shares issued in its Initial Offering and in any Subsequent Offering, by (ii) the Offering Price of the Class A Shares issued in such Offerings.

 

AML means “anti-money laundering” rules and screening intended to provide the Company with assurance that a potential investor’s funds are not from an illicit source.

 

Agreement has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble.

 

Approval Percentage, means, the percentage determined by (a) multiplying for each Series, its Series Voting Percentage by the percentage obtained by dividing its Series Voting Shares casting votes in favor of the matter in question, by the total Voting Shares of all Series casting votes with respect to such matter, and (b) adding up the percentage figures so obtained.

  

Artwork means, with respect to a Series, the piece or pieces of fine art purchased by the Series upon the Closing of its Initial Offering.

  

aShareX Entities means, collectively or individually (an “aShareX Entity”), each of aShareX, Inc., aShareX Holdings, LLC, aShareX Management, LLC, and each of their respective direct and indirect Affiliates.

 

aShareX Parties means, collectively or individually (an “aShareX Party”), each of the aShareX Entities, and each of their respective directors (including advisory board members), managers, officers, representatives, and direct and beneficial owners, whether past or present, and each of the directors, managers, officers and representatives of a Company Group Member serving at the request of the Managing Member, including the Liquidator and the Tax Representative.

 

 
2
 

 

Asset Management Agreement means the Asset Management and Administrative Services Agreement entered into between the Asset Manager, a Series and its SP pursuant to which the Asset Manager agrees to render day to day entity level and asset level management and administrative services for the benefit of the Series and SP.

  

Asset Manager means aShareX Management, LLC, or its legal successors or permitted assigns.

 

Auction means the auction to be conducted to bid on each Artwork at which potential Investors will bid, through use of the Auction Platform, as Fractional Bidders or individually as a 100% Bidder to purchase the Artwork.

 

Auction Agreement means the agreement to be executed by each potential investor prior to an Auction confirming, among other matters, (a) certain investor representations and warranties, including as to its status as a Qualified Purchaser, (b) its legal obligation to fund a capital contribution to the applicable Series equal to its Winning Bid and to execute a Subscription Agreement subscribing for the associated Class A Share, and (c) its agreement to be bound by the terms of the Operating Agreement.

  

Auction House has the meaning set forth in Section 2.5.

  

Auction Platform means the proprietary auction platform developed by aShareX to enable potential investors to bid either as Fractional Bidders or 100% Bidders in real-time to purchase the subject Artwork.

  

Beneficial Owner means as to a Class A Share, any Person who directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise has or shares: (i) voting power, which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such Class A Share, and/or (ii) investment power, which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such Class A Share. The terms “Beneficially Own” and “Beneficial Ownership” shall have correlative meanings. Notwithstanding the forgoing, any determination as to whether a Person is a “Beneficial Owner” shall be determined in accordance with Section 13d-3(a) of the Exchange Act, as amended.

  

Benefit Plan Investor means (a) any “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Title I of ERISA, (b) any “plan” (as defined in Section 4975 of the Code) that is subject to Section 4975 of the Code, and (c) any entity that is deemed to hold plan assets of any plan described in (a) or (b) by virtue of such plan’s investment in that entity.

  

Broker means initially Dalmore Group, LLC or any Person who has been appointed by the Company and specified in any Series Designation to provide execution and other services relating to an Initial Offering of a Series.

 

Brokerage Fee means the fee payable to the Broker for the purchase by Investors of Class A Shares in an Initial Offering equal to an amount agreed between the Managing Member and the Broker, plus any expenses payable to the Broker for such services.

 

Business Day means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which commercial banks in Delaware are authorized or required to close.

 

 
3
 

 

Buyer’s Premium means a form of selling commission, generally a percentage of the Hammer Price, based on a graduated scale set by each Auction House, and paid by the buyer of the Artwork.

 

Capital Account has the meaning set forth in Section 9.1(a).

 

Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Member, the amount of cash and the initial Gross Asset Value of any other property contributed or deemed contributed to the capital of a Series by or on behalf of such Member, reduced by the amount of any liability assumed by such Series relating to such property and any liability to which such property is subject.

 

Cayman means aShareX Fine Art, SPC, a Cayman Islands segregated portfolio company wholly owned by the Company.

 

Certificate of Formation means the Certificate of Formation of the Company filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

 

Class A Members means, as to any Series, a holder of Class A Shares in such Series and who by virtue of such holding is a Series Member.

 

Class A Shares means the class of securities of a Series issued to the Investor Members upon the Closing of the associated Offering.

 

Class B Shares means the class of securities of a Series issued to the Managing Member entitling it to 10% of the Value Appreciation in the Artwork upon its sale.  The Class B Shares, at the discretion of the Managing Member, are convertible in whole or in part into Class A Shares of the Series prior to a sale of the Artwork pursuant to the Conversion Formula.

 

Closing means the successful completion of an Initial Offering upon which Investor Members who are all Qualified Purchasers fund Capital Contributions to the applicable Series in an amount equal to the Acquisition Cost of the Artwork.  It may also apply to the closing of a Subsequent Offering.

 

Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect from time to time.  Any reference herein to a specific section or sections of the Code shall be deemed to include a reference to any corresponding provision of any successor law.

 

Company means aShareX Fine Art, LLC, a Delaware series limited liability company, and any legal successors thereto.

 

Company Group Member means the Company, Cayman, each Series, each SP and each of their respective Affiliates (which shall not include the aShareX Entities).

 

Company Majority Approval means the approval of a matter by the Series Members if the total Approval Percentage exceeds 50%.

 

Company Super Majority Approval means the approval of the matter in question by the Series Members if the total Approval Percentage exceeds 66.66%.

 

 
4
 

 

Conversion Formula: The formula for determining the number of Class A Shares to be issued to the Managing Member upon the conversion of its Class B Shares in a Series. If all of the 1,000 Series Class B Shares are being converted, the conversion formula is as follows: Multiply 10% by the positive difference between the Market Value of the Series Class A Shares on the conversion date and their Aggregate Offering Price, and divide the product so obtained by the Price Per Share of the Class A Shares. If only a portion of the Class B Shares are being converted, the figure determined in the preceding sentence shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the total Class B Shares being converted and the denominator of which is 1,000.

 

Delaware Act means the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. Section 18-101, et seq.

 

DGCL means the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, 8 Del. C. Section 101, et seq.

 

Effective Date means January 13, 2023.

 

ERISA means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.

 

Escrow Agent means the independent escrow agent engaged by the Company with respect to each Initial Offering to hold Investor funds until such time as there is a Closing of the Initial Offering.

 

Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

Executing Broker means the registered broker-dealer engaged by the Company to execute trades of Class A Shares in the secondary market through utilization of the Trading Platform.

 

Extraordinary Expenses means for each Series or SP, any expense or cost other than an Operating Expense or Offering Expense.

  

Extraordinary Loans for each Series means the loans or other financings obtained to fund the Extraordinary Expenses of such Series.

 

Fiscal Year means a calendar year ending on December 31.

 

Form of Adherence means, in respect of an Initial Offering or Subsequent Offering, a subscription agreement or other agreement substantially in the form appended to the Offering Document pursuant to which an Investor Member or an Additional Series Member agrees to adhere to the terms of this Agreement or, in respect of a Transfer, a form of adherence or instrument of Transfer, each in a form satisfactory to the Managing Member from time to time, pursuant to which a Substitute Series Member agrees to adhere to the terms of this Agreement.

 

Fractional Bid means a bid for a number of shares less than the total number of shares offered for the Artwork.

 

Fractional Bidder means a potential investor that places a Fractional Bid.

 

 
5
 

 

GAAP means United States generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied, as in effect from time to time.

 

Governmental Entity means any court, administrative agency, regulatory body, commission or other governmental authority, board, bureau or instrumentality, domestic or foreign and any subdivision thereof.

 

Gross Asset Value means, with respect to any asset contributed by an Investor Member to a Series, the gross fair market value of such asset as determined by the Managing Member.

 

Hammer Price means the price at which an auctioneer declares the Winning Bid.

 

Initial Offering means the first offering or private placement and issuance of any Series, other than the issuance of Class B Shares to the Managing Member.

 

Investment Advisers Act means the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

Investment Company Act means the Investment Company Act of 1940.

 

Investment Limit means, (a) with respect to all Benefit Plan Investors, any investment in a Series that would exceed 24.9% of the aggregate Outstanding Class A Shares of a Series, (b) with respect to any Person who is not an Accredited Investor, 10% of the greater of such Person’s  annual income or net worth, if a natural person, and, with respect to any entity, 10% of the greater of such Person’s annual revenue or net assets at fiscal year-end, and (c) with respect to any Person, such investment limit as is imposed by the Managing Member on such Person’s investment in any Series based on such Person’s net worth, liquidity or other financial metrics.

 

Investor means a Person who acquires Class A Shares in a Series upon the Closing of an Initial Offering or a Subsequent Offering and who thereupon becomes an Investor Member of such Series.

 

Investor Platform means the proprietary platform available to potential and actual Investors and other registered users who have a user profile to browse and screen potential art investments, glean information as to their investment in a Series or the Company, review the Company’s SEC and other regulatory filings, review tax and financial information concerning the associated Series, review the Auction Agreement and Subscription Agreement related to an Offering and place bid or ask requests concerning a potential trade of the Class A Shares.

 

Investor Members mean those Persons who acquire Class A Shares in an Offering of a Series, for so long as they remain Investor Members, and their successors and assigns admitted as Series Members.

 

Involuntary Transfer means any actual or proposed Transfer of Class A Shares by operation of law, including (i) in the case of a Member who is a natural person, upon such Member’s death or the entry by a court of competent jurisdiction adjudicating such Member incompetent to manage such Member’s person or such Member’s property; (ii) in the case of a Member that is a trust, the termination of the trust, (iii) in the case of a Member that is a partnership or limited liability company, the dissolution and commencement of winding up of the partnership or limited liability company; (iv) in the case of a Member that is an estate, the distribution by the fiduciary of the estate’s interest in the Company; and (v) in the case of a Member that is a corporation, the filing of a certificate of dissolution, or its equivalent, for the corporation or the revocation of its charter.

 

 
6
 

 

KYC means “know your customer” rules which are intended to assure that the Company has pre-screened potential Investors to ensure they are eligible to invest.

 

Liquidator means one or more Persons selected by the Managing Member to perform the functions described in Section 11.2 as liquidating trustee of the Company or a Series, as applicable, within the meaning of the Delaware Act.

 

Losses has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.1(a).

 

Majority Vote means the approval of a matter affecting only the particular Series in question by those holders who own more than 50% of the Series Voting Shares casting votes in respect of such matter.

 

Managing Member means, as the context requires, the managing member of the Company or the managing member of a Series.  The initial Managing Member shall be aShareX Holdings, LLC.

 

Market Value means as to any Series Class A Shares, the product determined by multiplying the Price Per Share by the total number of Outstanding Class A Shares of the Series immediately prior to the date Class B Shares are being converted into Class A Shares.

 

Member means each member of the Company associated with a Series, including, unless the context otherwise requires, the Managing Member and each Series Member.

 

National Securities Exchange means an exchange registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 6(a) of the Exchange Act.

 

Net Sales Proceeds, determined at the time the Artwork is sold or disposed of, means the amount by which the cash  proceeds from the sale or disposition, exceed the sum of (i) the costs of the sale, including taxes and any Seller Commission or other fees paid to the auction house or other seller intermediary for facilitating the sale or disposition, (ii) the outstanding balance of any Extraordinary Loans of the Series to be paid from such proceeds, (iii) the expected costs of liquidating the associated Series and SP, and (iv) the amount necessary in the Managing Member’s good faith discretion to create a reserve for contingent expenses or liabilities, reduced (even if below zero) by the amount of any cash released from such reserve.  Net Sales Proceeds will generally equal the amount to be distributed to the Series Members following such sale or disposition.

 

Offering means an Initial or Subsequent Offering of Class A Shares (or similar equity as to the Class A Shares) of a Series.

 

 
7
 

 

Offering Document means, with respect to any Series, the offering circular, offering statement, supplement, amendment or other offering documents related to the Initial Offering of the Series Class A Shares, in the form approved by the Managing Member and, to the extent required by applicable law, approved or qualified, as applicable, by the SEC or other applicable Governmental Entity.

 

Offering Expenses means the fees and expenses associated with each Offering, whether successful or not, including Abort Fees, SEC filing fees, legal and audit fees, the fees of the Broker, the Escrow Agent, the Transfer Agent and North Capital, and the costs of establishing the associated Series and SP.

 

Offering Price means the price per share upon which the Class A Shares of a Series are sold to Investor Members upon the closing of an Initial Offering or Subsequent Offering.

 

Operating Expenses as more specifically defined in the Asset Management Agreement, means the normal, routine expenses of the Company Group Members, including SEC filing fees, legal, accounting and audit fees connected with such filings, the fees and costs associated with maintaining the legal existence of the Company Group Members, the costs of running each Auction, and the insurance, storage and transportation costs associated with the Artwork. 

 

Outstanding means all Class A Shares of a Series that are issued by the Company and reflected as outstanding on the Company’s books and records as of the date of determination.

 

Person means any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, estate, trust, business association, organization, Governmental Entity or other entity.

 

Price Per Share means, as of the close of business on the Business Day preceding the date Class B Shares are being converted into Class A Shares of a Series, the volume weighted average trading price (“VWAP”) of the Class A Shares of the associated Series on the Trading Platform or other trading system on which the Class A Shares are being traded over the most recent period in which the total aggregate trading volume over such period is at least 5% or more of the public float, provided that if such trading volume limitation has not been met for the preceding 180 day period, the Manager shall request that the Asset Manager obtain an appraisal of the Price Per Share from one or more independent, nationally-recognized, third party appraisal companies and such appraisal shall constitute the Price Per Share for such Series Class A Shares.

 

Prime Rate means the prime rate published by the Wall Street Journal (or comparable publication of wide circulation if the Journal ceases publication) at the time the loan is funded.

 

Protected Person  means (i) each aShareX Party, (ii) any Person who serves at the request of an aShareX Entity as an officer, manager, director or representative of a Company Group Member, (iii) any Person who was, at the time of the act or omission in question, such a Person, and (iv) at the election of the Managing Member, any employee or other person performing services to or for the benefit of any of the aShareX Parties or a Company Group Member whom the Managing Member determines in good faith should be indemnified hereunder.

 

Purchase Price means, with respect to each Artwork acquired through Auction, the sum of the Hammer Price and the Buyer’s Premium.

 

 
8
 

 

Qualified Purchaser is defined under Regulation A of the Securities Exchange Act and generally means (i) an Accredited Investor, and (ii) all other investors (“non-accredited investors”) so long as their investment in the  Class A Shares or other Class A Shares does not represent more than 10% of the greater of their annual income or net worth (for natural persons), or 10% of the greater of annual revenue or net assets at fiscal year-end (for non-natural persons).

 

Record Date means the date established by the Managing Member for determining (a) the identity of the Record Holders entitled to notice of, or to vote at, any meeting of Members associated with any Series or entitled to exercise rights in respect of any lawful action of Members associated with any Series or (b) the identity of Record Holders entitled to receive any report or distribution or to participate in any offer.

 

Record Holder or holder means the Person in whose name such Class A Shares are registered on the books of the Company, or its transfer agent, as of the opening of business on a particular Business Day, as determined by the Managing Member in accordance with this Agreement.

 

Removal Date has the meaning set forth in Section 10.1.

 

SEC means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933.

 

Series has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.3(a).

 

Series Assets means, at any particular time, the interests in the associated SP, the Artwork owned by the SP, and the assets, properties (whether tangible or intangible, and whether real, personal or mixed) and rights of any type contributed to or acquired by the Series or its SP and owned or held by or for the account of such Series or SP.

 

Series Designation has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.3(a).

 

Series Member means together, the Investor Members, Additional Series Members of a Series, and their successors and assigns who are admitted to the Company as a Successor Series Member in their place, but shall exclude the Managing Member in its capacity as Managing Member of the Series holding Class B Shares.  For the avoidance of doubt, the Managing Member or any of its Affiliates shall be a Series Member to the extent it or they purchase Class A Shares in a Series.

 

Series Voting Percentage means, as to each Series, the percentage determined by dividing the Aggregate Offering Price of the Outstanding Class A Shares issued by such Series by the Aggregate Offering Price of the Outstanding Class A Shares issued by all Series whose Artwork has not been sold as of the Record Date for any vote.

 

Service has the meaning set forth in Section 9.3(a).

 

 
9
 

 

Sourcing Fee means the sourcing fee paid to the Asset Manager by the Investor Members in a particular Series equal to four percent (4%) of the Purchase Price of the Artwork acquired by such Series.

 

SP means a segregated portfolio established by Cayman to own a specific Artwork.  

 

Subscription Agreement means the agreement to be executed by each Investor Member (i) reconfirming, among other matters, the representations and warranties made in its Auction Agreement, including Accredited Investor status, and (ii) confirming its agreement (A) to accept the Class A Shares allotted to the Investor Member upon funding its Capital Contribution associated with its Winning Bid, and (B) to be bound by the terms of this Agreement.

 

Subsequent Offering means any further issuance of Class A Shares in any Series, excluding any Initial Offering or Transfer.

 

Substitute Series Member means a Person who is admitted as a Series Member of the Company and associated with a Series as a result of a Transfer of Class A Shares to such Person.

 

Taxes means any sales, use, VAT or similar tax imposed by a federal, state or local tax authority on the sale of the Artwork.

 

Tax Proceeding has the meaning set forth in Section 9.3(a).

  

Tax Representative has the meaning set forth in Section 9.3(a).

 

Trading Platform means the PPEX ATS system licensed to the Company and operated by North Capital Private Securities Corporation to facilitate trades of Class A Shares in the secondary market by allowing the Executing Broker to match bid and asks.

 

Transfer means, with respect to a Class A share, a transaction by which it is assigned to another Person who is eligible to and does become a Member, and includes a sale, assignment, gift, exchange or any other disposition by law or otherwise, including any transfer upon foreclosure of any pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation or mortgage.

 

Transfer Agent means a Person designated by the Company as the transfer agent for the Company with respect to each specific Series Offering to record ownership of the Class A Shares issued by such Series.

 

Value Appreciation means the positive difference between (i) the Net Sales Proceeds received upon the sale of the Artwork, and (ii) its Purchase Price.  

 

Vote Limit means a Class A share as to which its Record Holder irrevocably revokes and relinquishes the voting rights attributable to such Class A share such that it will not be considered Outstanding for voting or quorum purposes.

 

Voting Shares means the Outstanding Class A Shares in a particular Series entitled to vote on a particular matter, excluding (a) Class A Shares subject to a Vote Limit, and (b) any Class A Shares held by the aShareX Parties, except that they will be counted for quorum purposes, and they will be counted as Voting Shares in connection with any vote to approve the sale or disposition of the Artwork associated with such Series.

 

 
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Winning Bid means a bid submitted by an Investor on the Auction Platform that is part of the bid submitted by Fractional Bidders that is at or above the price point that prevails in winning the Auction.

 

Section 1.2 Construction. Unless the context requires otherwise: (a) any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa; (b) references to paragraphs, Articles and Sections refer to paragraphs, Articles and Sections of this Agreement; (c) the term “include” or “includes” means “includes, without limitation,” and “including” means “including, without limitation,” (d) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision, (e) “or” has the inclusive meaning represented by the phrase “and/or,” (f) unless the context otherwise requires, references to agreements and other documents shall be deemed to include all subsequent amendments and other modifications thereto, (g) references to any Person shall include all predecessors of such Person, as well as all permitted successors, assigns, executors, heirs, legal representatives and administrators of such Person, and (h) any reference to any statute or regulation includes any implementing legislation and any rules made under that legislation, statute or statutory provision, whenever before, on, or after the date of the Agreement, as well as any amendments, restatements or modifications thereof, as well as all statutory and regulatory provisions consolidating or replacing the statute or regulation. This Agreement shall be construed without regard to any presumption or rule requiring construction or interpretation against the party drafting an instrument or causing any instrument to be drafted.

 

ARTICLE II

 

ORGANIZATION

 

Section 2.1 Formation. The Company has been formed as a series limited liability company pursuant to Section 18-215 of the Delaware Act. Except as expressly provided to the contrary in this Agreement, the rights, duties, liabilities and obligations of the Members and the administration, dissolution and termination of the Company and each Series shall be governed by the Delaware Act.

 

Section 2.2 Name. The name of the Company shall be aShareX Fine Art, LLC. The business of the Company and each Series and SP may be conducted under any other name or names, as determined by the Managing Member. The Managing Member may change the name of any Company Group Member, at any time and from time to time and shall notify the Members of such change in the next regular communication to the Members.

 

 
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Section 2.3 Registered Office; Registered Agent; Principal Office; Other Offices. Unless and until changed by the Managing Member in its sole discretion, the registered office of the Company in the State of Delaware, and its registered agent for the service of process on the Company and each Series in the State of Delaware at such registered office, shall be the entity and address identified as such on the Company’s Certificate of Formation. The principal business office of the Company and each Series shall be located at the office of the Managing Member, 10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150, Los Angeles, California 90024, or at such other place as the Managing Member may from time to time designate by notice to the Members or Series Members, as applicable. The Company and each Series may maintain offices at such other place or places within or outside the State of Delaware as the Managing Member determines to be necessary or appropriate. The Managing Member may change the registered office, registered agent or principal office of the Company or of any Series at any time and from time to time and shall notify the applicable Series Members of such change in the next regular communication to such Series Members.

 

Section 2.4 Purpose; Acquisition of Artwork; Powers.

 

(a) The purpose of the Company and, unless otherwise provided in the applicable Series Designation, each Series shall be to (i) form and acquire 100% of the equity interests in Cayman, (ii) own, through each Series, a collection of high quality, investment grade, fine art (collectively or individually, as the context may require, the “Artwork”), with the Artwork to be purchased by an individual Series and owned by its associated SP, (iii) conduct any and all activities related or incidental to the foregoing purposes, and (iv) promote, conduct or engage in, directly or indirectly, any business, purpose or activity related to the foregoing purposes that lawfully may be conducted by a series limited liability company organized pursuant to the Delaware Act.

 

(b) The Company, acting through the Managing Member, shall be empowered to do any and all acts and things necessary or appropriate for the furtherance and accomplishment of the purposes described in Section 2.4(a). Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or as required by the Delaware Act, the Managing Member shall have complete and exclusive discretion in the management and control of the affairs and business of the Company and each other Company Group Member, and shall possess all powers necessary, convenient or appropriate to carrying out the purposes and business of the Company, including doing all things and taking all actions necessary to carry out the terms and provisions of this Agreement. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the Managing Member shall have, and shall have full authority in its discretion to exercise, on behalf of and in the name of the Company, all rights and powers of a “manager” of a limited liability company under the Delaware Act necessary or convenient to carry out the purposes of the Company.

 

Section 2.5 Acquisition of Artwork. To facilitate the acquisition of the Artwork, aShareX, Inc. has licensed to the Company and its registered users the right to use a proprietary, web-based informational platform (the “Investor Platform”) and a proprietary, online bidding platform (the “Auction Platform”). Potential Investors who are (i) pre-registered on the Investor Platform, (ii) have been qualified by the Company as Qualified Purchasers and have passed KYC and AML screening requirements, and (iii) have executed an Auction Agreement in the form prescribed by the Company, may bid as a group to acquire the Artwork at an auction (the “Auction”) to be conducted by a nationally recognized auction house (the “Auction House”) or by the Managing Member itself, in each case using the Auction Platform. Each such potential Investor may submit a bid to acquire a fractional interest in the Artwork or to acquire its entire ownership. If the bidders as a group (each, a “Fractional Bidder”) submit the winning bid for the Artwork, each Investor participating in the winning bid shall be required to fund to the escrow account established for such purpose by the Company an amount equal to its portion of the winning bid (as to such investor, its “Winning Bid”), and, upon the closing of the associated Initial Offering, the Investor will be issued Class A Shares equating to its Winning Bid based on the Offering Price of the Class A Shares, subject to such adjustments as necessary to round up or down the Investor’s purchase price to avoid the issuance of fractional shares. The Class A Shares so acquired represent, indirectly, a fractionalized ownership interest in the underlying Artwork owned by the Series.

 

 
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Section 2.6 Power of Attorney.

 

(a) Each Series Member hereby constitutes and appoints the Managing Member and, if a Liquidator shall have been selected pursuant to Section 11.2, the Liquidator, and each of their authorized officers and attorneys in fact, as the case may be, with full power of substitution, as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power and authority in his or her name, place and stead, to:

 

(i) execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record in the appropriate public offices:

 

(A) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including this Agreement and the Certificate of Formation and all amendments or restatements hereof or thereof) that the Managing Member or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to form, qualify or continue the existence or qualification of the Company as a series limited liability company in the State of Delaware and in all other jurisdictions in which the Company or any Series may conduct business or own property;

 

(B) all certificates, documents and other instruments that the Managing Member or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to reflect, in accordance with its terms, any amendment, change, modification or restatement of this Agreement;

 

(C) all certificates, documents and other instruments that the Managing Member or Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to reflect the dissolution, liquidation or termination of the Company or a Series pursuant to the terms of this Agreement;

 

(D) all certificates, documents and other instruments relating to the admission, withdrawal or substitution of any Series Member pursuant to, or in connection with other events described in, Article III or Article XI;

 

(E) all certificates, documents and other instruments relating to the determination of the rights, preferences and privileges of any Series of Class A share issued pursuant to Section 3.3;

 

(F) all certificates, documents and other instruments that the Managing Member or Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to maintain the separate rights, assets, obligations and liabilities of each Series; and

 

(G) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including agreements and a certificate of merger) relating to a merger, consolidation or conversion of the Company; and

 

 
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(H) execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record all ballots, consents, approvals, waivers, certificates, documents and other instruments that the Managing Member or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to:

 

(xx) make, evidence, give, confirm or ratify any vote, consent, approval, agreement or other action that is made or given by any of the Members hereunder or is consistent with the terms of this Agreement; or

 

(yy) effectuate the terms or intent of this Agreement; provided, that when any provision of this Agreement that establishes a percentage of the Members or of the Members of any Series required to take any action, the Managing Member, or the Liquidator, may exercise the power of attorney made in this paragraph only after the necessary vote, consent, approval, agreement or other action of the Members or of the Members of such Series, as applicable.

 

Nothing contained in this Section shall be construed as authorizing the Managing Member or the Liquidator to amend, change or modify this Agreement except in accordance with ARTICLE XII or as may be otherwise expressly provided for in this Agreement.

 

(b) The foregoing power of attorney is hereby declared to be irrevocable and a power coupled with interest, and it shall survive and, to the maximum extent permitted by law, not be affected by the subsequent death, incompetency, disability, incapacity, dissolution, bankruptcy or termination of any Series Member and the transfer of all or any portion of such Series Member’s Class A Shares and shall extend to such Series Member’s heirs, successors, assigns and personal representatives. Each such Series Member hereby agrees to be bound by any representation made by any officer of the Managing Member or the Liquidator acting in good faith pursuant to such power of attorney; and each such Series Member, to the maximum extent permitted by law, hereby waives any and all defenses that may be available to contest, negate or disaffirm the action of the Managing Member or the Liquidator taken in good faith under such power of attorney in accordance with this Section. Each Series Member shall execute and deliver to the Managing Member or the Liquidator within 15 days after receipt of the request therefor, such further designation, powers of attorney and other instruments as any of such officers or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to effectuate this Agreement and the purposes of the Company.

 

Section 2.7 Term. The term of the Company commenced on the day on which the Certificate of Formation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act. The existence of each Series shall commence upon the effective date of the Series Designation establishing such Series, as provided in Section 3.3. The term of the Company and each Series shall be perpetual, unless and until it is dissolved or terminated in accordance with the provisions of Article XI. The existence of the Company as a separate legal entity shall continue until the cancellation of the Certificate of Formation as provided in the Delaware Act.

 

 
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Section 2.8 Title to Assets. All Class A Shares shall constitute personal property of the owner thereof for all purposes and a Member has no interest in specific assets of the Company or the applicable Series Assets. Title to any Series Assets, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or intangible, shall be deemed to be owned by the Series to which such asset was contributed or by which such asset was acquired, and none of the Company, any Member, officer or other Series, individually or collectively, shall have any ownership interest in such Series Assets or any portion thereof. Title to any or all of the Series Assets may be held in the name of the relevant Series or one or more nominees, as the Managing Member may determine. All Series Assets shall be recorded by the Managing Member as the property of the applicable Series in the books and records maintained for such Series, irrespective of the name in which record title to such Series Assets is held.

  

Section 2.9 Certificate of Formation. The Certificate of Formation has been filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, such filing being hereby confirmed, ratified and approved in all respects. The Managing Member shall use reasonable efforts to cause to be filed such other certificates or documents that it determines to be necessary or appropriate for the formation, continuation, qualification and operation of a series limited liability company in the State of Delaware or any other state in which the Company or any Series may elect to do business or own property. To the extent that the Managing Member determines such action to be necessary or appropriate, the Managing Member shall, or shall direct the appropriate officers to, file amendments to and restatements of the Certificate of Formation and do all things to maintain the Company as a series limited liability company under the laws of the State of Delaware or of any other state in which the Company or any Series may elect to do business or own property, and if an officer is so directed, such officer shall be an authorized person of the Company and, unless otherwise provided in a Series Designation, each Series within the meaning of the Delaware Act for purposes of filing any such certificate with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The Company shall not be required, before or after filing, to deliver or mail a copy of the Certificate of Formation, any qualification document or any amendment thereto to any Member.

   

ARTICLE III

 

MEMBERS, SERIES AND CLASS A SHARES

 

Section 3.1 Members.

 

(a) Subject to paragraph (b), a Person shall be admitted as a Series Member and Record Holder either as a result of an Initial Offering, a Subsequent Offering, a Transfer or at such other time as determined by the Managing Member, and upon (i) agreeing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement by completing, signing and delivering to the Managing Member a completed Form of Adherence, which is then accepted by the Managing Member, (ii) the prior written consent of the Managing Member, and (iii) otherwise complying with the applicable provisions of Article III and Article IV.

 

(b) The Managing Member may withhold its consent to the admission of any Person as a Series Member for any reason, including when it determines in its reasonable discretion that such admission could: (i) in the case of a Benefit Plan, cause such Person’s holding of Class A Shares in a Series to be in excess of the Aggregate Investment Limit, or cause the assets of the Company or any Series to be treated as plan assets as defined in Section 3(42) of ERISA, (ii) cause the investment by a Person who is not an Accredited Investor in the subject Class A Shares together with its investment in all other Class A Shares issued by the Company to exceed such Person’s Aggregate Investment Limit, (iii) adversely affect the Company or a Series or subject the Company, a Series, the Managing Member or any of their respective Affiliates to any additional regulatory or governmental requirements or cause the Company to be disqualified as a limited liability company, or subject the Company, any Series, the Managing Member or any of their respective Affiliates to any tax to which it would not otherwise be subject, (iv) cause the Company to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, (v) cause the Managing Member or any of its Affiliates to be required to register under the Investment Advisers Act, or (vi) result in a loss of the Company’s tax status as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes. A Person may become a Record Holder without the consent or approval of any of the Series Members. A Person may not become a Member without acquiring a Class A Share of a Series.

 

 
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(c) Each Member’s name, mailing address, taxpayer or employer identification number and number of Class A Shares in each Series held by such Member shall be listed on the books and records of the Company and each Series maintained for such purpose by the Company and each Series. The Managing Member shall update the books and records of the Company and each Series from time to time as necessary to reflect accurately the information therein.

 

(d) Except as otherwise provided in the Delaware Act and subject to Sections 3.1(e) and 3.3 relating to each Series, the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, and the Members shall not be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the Company solely by reason of being a Member.

 

(e) Except as otherwise provided in the Delaware Act, the debts, obligations and liabilities of a Series, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of such Series, and not of any other Company Group Member, including the SP associated with such Series. In addition, the Series Members shall not be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of any Series solely by reason of being a Series Member.

 

(f) Unless otherwise provided herein, and subject to Article XI, Members may not be expelled from or removed as Members of the Company or as Series Members of any Series. Members shall not have any right to resign or redeem their Class A Shares from the Company; provided that when a transferee of a Member’s Class A Shares becomes a Record Holder of such Class A Shares, such transferring Member shall cease to be a Member of the Company with respect to the Class A Shares so transferred and that Members of a Series shall cease to be Members of such Series when such Series is finally liquidated in accordance with Section 11.3.

 

(g) Except as may be otherwise agreed between the Company or a Series, on the one hand, and a Member, on the other hand, any Member shall be entitled to and may engage in business activities in addition to those relating to the Company or a Series, including business interests and activities in direct competition with the Company or any Series. None of the Company, any Series or any of the other Members shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement in any such business interests or activities of any Member.

 

(h) aShareX Holdings, LLC became the Managing Member of the Company upon its formation and shall continue as Managing Member of the Company until the earlier of (i) the dissolution of the Company pursuant to Section 11.1(a), or (ii) its removal or replacement pursuant to Section 4.3 or Article X. Except as otherwise set forth in the Series Designation, the Managing Member of each Series shall be aShareX Holdings, LLC until the earlier of (i) the dissolution of the Series pursuant to Section 11.1(b) or (ii) its removal or replacement pursuant to Article X. Unless otherwise set forth in the applicable Series Designation, the Managing Member or its Affiliates shall, at the closing of any Initial Offering, hold at least 1,000 Class B Shares in each Series. The aShareX Parties shall not purchase any Class A Shares in an Initial Offering but they may purchase up to 10% of the total Class A Shares issued in the Initial Offering if one or more Investors fail to fund or otherwise qualify to own the Class A Shares that they were required to purchase in connection with their Winning Bid pursuant to subsection (i) below.

  

 
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(i) If any of the Class A Shares offered remain unsold in an Initial Offering due, for example, to a potential Investor’s inability to fund the amount of its Winning Bid or to qualify as a Qualified Purchaser or due to its investment exceeding its Aggregate Investment Limit), the seller of the Artwork will be asked to either reduce the Purchase Price for the Artwork or to accept Class A Shares in the associated Series (assuming the seller is a Qualified Purchaser) for the deficient amount. To the extent there remains a deficient amount, the unsubscribed Class A Shares of the Series will be offered (i) first, to Investors submitting Winning Bids, in proportion to their allocated Class A Shares, and, if oversubscribed, next to the Investors subscribing for their allocable share (or as the Managing Member otherwise considers fair and equitable), (ii) second, to the aShareX Parties, and (iii) finally, to any other Qualified Purchaser (including an aShareX Party) with preference given to registered Investor Platform users. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the aShareX Parties may not as a group purchase more than 10% of the Class A Shares sold in the Initial Offering pursuant to this subsection (i).

 

(j) Unless provided otherwise in this Agreement, any Class A Shares held by a Series Member shall be identical to those of the other Series Members in such Series, and will not have any additional distribution, redemption, conversion or liquidation rights.

 

Section 3.2 Capital Contributions.

 

(a) An Investor Member must purchase a minimum of $5,000 in value of Class A Shares in any Initial Offering, or such higher or lesser amount as the Managing Member may determine from time to time and as specified in each Series Designation, as applicable. Persons acquiring Class A Shares through an Initial Offering or Subsequent Offering shall make a Capital Contribution to the Company in an amount equal to the Offering Price determined in connection with the Closing of such Initial Offering or Subsequent Offering and multiplied by the number of Class A Shares acquired by such Person in such Initial Offering or Subsequent Offering, as applicable, reduced or increased to the nearest whole share to avoid the issuance of fractional interests. Persons acquiring Class A Shares in a manner other than through an Initial Offering or Subsequent Offering or pursuant to a Transfer shall not be required to make a Capital Contribution.

 

(b) Except as expressly permitted by the Managing Member, in its sole discretion, (i) all Capital Contributions to the Company or Series, as applicable, by any Member shall be payable in U.S. currency (by wire, ACH or credit card in immediately available funds), and (ii) shall be payable in one installment and shall be paid prior to the date of the proposed acceptance by the Managing Member of a Person’s admission as a Member to a Series or within five Business Days thereafter with the Managing Member’s approval. No Member shall be required to make an additional Capital Contribution to the Company or Series but may make an additional Capital Contribution pursuant to a Subsequent Offering to acquire additional Class A Shares at such Member’s sole discretion.

 

 
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(c) The amounts funded by the Investors with respect to an Initial Offering will be held by the Escrow Agent in a segregated, non-interest bearing account (but not segregated by Investor), and will not be commingled with the Escrow Agent’s other funds or assets. The funds in the escrow account will not be released to the Company until there is confirmation that (i) the Series has successfully bid for the Artwork, and (ii) the funds necessary to pay its Acquisition Cost are in the escrow account and funded by Qualified Purchasers whose Subscription Agreements have been accepted by the Managing Member and the Broker. Once these tests have been met, the funds will be immediately transferred to the operating account of the Company or Series and used to purchase the Artwork on behalf of the SP formed for such purpose and to fund the Sourcing Fee to the Asset Manager. The Transfer Agent will then record the electronic issuance of the Class A Shares to the Investors in the amounts allocated to them by the Managing Member in accordance with their Winning Bids. If the Initial Offering is terminated for any reason, the funds held by the Escrow Agent on account of each Investor shall be returned to such Investor, without interest, less any wire or credit card fees not previously paid by the Investor.

 

(d) Except to the extent expressly provided in this Agreement (including any Series Designation): (i) no Member shall be entitled to the withdrawal or return of its Capital Contribution, except to the extent, if any, that distributions made pursuant to this Agreement or upon dissolution or termination of the Company or any Series may be considered as such by law and then only to the extent provided for in this Agreement; (ii) no Series Member holding any Class A Shares of a Series shall have priority over any other Series Member holding Class A Shares of the same Series either as to the return of Capital Contributions or as to distributions; (iii) no interest shall be paid by the Company or any Series on any Capital Contributions; and (iv) no Series Member, in its capacity as such, shall participate in the operation or management of the business of the Company or any Series, transact any business in the Company or any Series name or have the power to sign documents for or otherwise bind the Company or any Series by reason of being a Member.

 

Section 3.3 Series of the Company.

 

(a) Establishment of Series. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the Managing Member may, at any time and from time to time and in compliance with paragraph (c), cause the Company to establish in writing (each, a Series Designation) one or more series as such term is used under Section 18-215 of the Delaware Act (each a Series). The Series Designation shall relate solely to the Series established thereby and shall not be construed: (i) to affect the terms and conditions of any other Series, or (ii) to designate, fix or determine the rights, powers, authority, privileges, preferences, duties, responsibilities, liabilities and obligations in respect of Class A Shares associated with any other Series, or the Members associated therewith. The terms and conditions for each Series established pursuant to this Section shall be as set forth in this Agreement and the Series Designation, as applicable, for the Series. Upon approval of any Series Designation by the Managing Member, such Series Designation shall be attached to this Agreement as an Exhibit until such time as none of such Class A Shares of such Series remain Outstanding.

 

 
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(b) Series Operation. Each of the Series shall operate to the extent practicable as if it were a separate limited liability company.

 

(c) Series Designation. The Series Designation establishing a Series shall: (i) specify a name or names under which the business and affairs of such Series may be conducted, and (ii) designate, fix and determine the relative rights, powers, authority, privileges, preferences, duties, responsibilities, liabilities and obligations in respect of Class A Shares of such Series and the Members associated therewith (to the extent such terms differ from those set forth in this Agreement). It shall be effective when a duly executed original of the same is included by the Managing Member among the permanent records of the Company, and it shall be annexed to, and constitute part of, this Agreement (it being understood and agreed that, upon such effective date, the Series described in such Series Designation shall be deemed to have been established and the Class A Shares of such Series shall be deemed to have been authorized in accordance with the provisions thereof). The Series Designation establishing a Series may set forth specific provisions governing the rights of such Series against a Member associated with such Series who fails to comply with the applicable provisions of this Agreement (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the applicable provisions of such Series Designation). In the event of a conflict between the terms and conditions of this Agreement and a Series Designation, the terms and conditions of the Series Designation shall prevail.

 

(d) Assets and Liabilities Associated with a Series.

 

(i) Assets Associated with a Series. All consideration received by the Company for the issuance or sale of Class A Shares of a particular Series shall be used to purchase the Artwork on behalf of the associated SP, and, in consideration therefor, the Series will own all of the equity interests in the SP. All income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, from whatever source derived, and any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of the Artwork, shall, subject to the provisions of this Agreement, be held for the benefit of the Series, such SP or the Members associated with such Series, and not for the benefit of any other Series, SP or the Members associated with any other Series, for all purposes, and shall be accounted for and recorded upon the books and records of the Series or SP, as applicable, separately from any assets associated with any other Series or SP. Such assets are herein referred to as assets associated with that Series or SP, as applicable. In the event that there are any assets in relation to the Company that, in the Managing Member’s reasonable judgment, are not readily associated with a particular Series, the Managing Member shall allocate such assets to, between or among any one or more of the Series, in such manner and on such basis as the Managing Member deems in its sole discretion as fair and equitable, and any asset so allocated to a particular Series shall thereupon be deemed to be an asset associated with that Series. Each allocation by the Managing Member pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph shall be conclusive and binding upon the Members associated with each and every Series. Separate and distinct records shall be maintained for each and every Series and SP, and the Managing Member shall not commingle the assets of one Series or SP with the assets of any other Series or SP.

 

 
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(ii) Liabilities Associated with a Series. All debts, liabilities, expenses, costs, charges, obligations and reserves incurred by, contracted for or otherwise existing (liabilities) with respect to a particular Series, or the SP associated with such Series, shall be charged against the assets associated with that Series or SP, as applicable. Such liabilities are herein referred to as liabilities associated with that Series or SP, as applicable. In the event that there are any liabilities in relation to the Company that, in the Managing Member’s reasonable judgment, are not readily associated with a particular Series or SP, the Managing Member shall allocate and charge (including indemnification obligations) such liabilities to, between or among any one or more of the Series or SP, in such manner and on such basis as the Managing Member in its sole discretion deems fair and equitable, and any liability so allocated and charged to a particular Series or SP shall thereupon be deemed to be a liability associated with that Series or SP. Each allocation by the Managing Member pursuant to the provisions of this Section shall be conclusive and binding upon the Members associated with each and every Series. All liabilities associated with a Series or SP shall be enforceable against the assets associated with that Series or SP, as applicable, only, and not against the assets associated with the Company or any other Series or SP, and except to the extent set forth above, no liabilities shall be enforceable against the assets associated with any Series or SP prior to the allocation and charging of such liabilities as provided above. Any allocation of liabilities that are not readily associated with a particular Series or SP to, between or among one or more of the Series or SP’s shall not represent a commingling of such Series or SP to pool capital for the purpose of carrying on a trade or business or making common investments and sharing in profits and losses therefrom. The Managing Member has caused notice of this limitation on inter-series liabilities to be set forth in the Certificate of Formation, and, accordingly, the statutory provisions of Section 18-215(b) of the Delaware Act relating to limitations on inter-series liabilities (and the statutory effect under Section 18-207 of the Delaware Act of setting forth such notice in the Certificate of Formation) shall apply to the Company and each Series. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, no distribution on or in respect of Class A Shares in a particular Series, including, for the avoidance of doubt, any distribution made in connection with the winding up of such Series, shall be effected by the Company other than from the assets associated with that Series, nor shall any Member or former Member associated with a Series otherwise have any right or claim against the assets associated with any other Series (except to the extent that such Member or former Member has such a right or claim hereunder as a Member or former Member associated with such other Series or in a capacity other than as a Member or former Member).

 

(e) Ownership of Series Assets. Title to and beneficial interest in Series Assets shall be deemed to be held and owned by the relevant Series, and no Member or Members of such Series, individually or collectively, shall have any title to or beneficial interest in specific Series Assets or any portion thereof. Each Member of a Series irrevocably waives any right that it may have to maintain an action for partition with respect to its interest in the Company, any Series, SP or any Series Assets. Any Series Assets may be held or registered in the name of the relevant Series, in the name of a nominee or as the Managing Member may determine; provided, however, that Series Assets shall be recorded as the assets of the relevant Series on the Company’s books and records, irrespective of the name in which legal title to such Series Assets is held. Any corporation, brokerage firm or transfer agent called upon to transfer any Series Assets to or from the name of any Series shall be entitled to rely upon instructions or assignments signed or purporting to be signed by the Managing Member or its agents without inquiry as to the authority of the person signing or purporting to sign such instruction or assignment or as to the validity of any transfer to or from the name of such Series.

 

 
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(f) Prohibition on Issuance of Preference Class A Shares. No Class A Shares shall entitle any Member to any preemptive, preferential or similar rights unless such preemptive, preferential or similar rights are set forth in the applicable Series Designation on or prior to the date of the Initial Offering of any Class A Shares of such Series (the designation of such preemptive, preferential or similar rights with respect to a Series in the Series Designation, the “Interest Designation”).  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Series Members have a preemptive right, allocated proportionally in accordance with their Class A Shares to subscribe to Class A Shares to be issued pursuant to Section 3.1(i) and Section 3.4(c).

 

Section 3.4 Authorization to Issue Class A Shares.

 

(a) The Company may issue Class A Shares, Class B Shares or other class of securities, and options, rights and warrants relating to such securities, for any Company or Series purpose at any time and from time to time to such Persons for such consideration (which may be cash, property, services or any other lawful consideration) or for no consideration and on such terms and conditions as the Managing Member shall determine, all without the approval of the Series Members; provided no such issuance shall be made if the holder of the applicable security will have rights superior to those of the Class A Members of any Series without the Majority Vote of such Class A Members. Each Class A Share shall have the rights and be governed by the provisions set forth in this Agreement (including any Series Designation).

 

(b) Subject to Section 6.3(a)(i), and unless otherwise provided in the applicable Series Designation, the Company is authorized to issue in respect of each Series an unlimited number of Class A Shares. All Class A Shares issued pursuant to, and in accordance with the requirements of, this Article III shall be validly issued Class A Shares in the Company, except to the extent otherwise provided in the Delaware Act or this Agreement (including any Series Designation).

 

(c) The Managing Member may issue Class A Shares in a Subsequent Offering to raise funds to pay down or off an Extraordinary Loan of a Series or to otherwise fund Extraordinary Expenses of such Series all on such terms as the Managing Member determines to be prudent. Such Class A Shares shall be offered first for a fifteen day period to the existing Class A Members of the Series in proportion to their Series Class A Shares, and if there are any unsubscribed Class A Shares, the Managing Member may offer them for an additional ten day period to the Class A Members subscribing for their proportionate share of the Class A Shares to be issued, or in such other manner as the Managing Member deems fair and equitable. After such ten day period, any remaining Class A Shares may be offered to third parties, including any aShareX Party, provided if the terms are more favorable to such parties than those offered initially to the Class A Members, such unsubscribed shares must first be offered to the Class A Members pursuant to the procedures set forth in this subsection (c).

 

Section 3.5 Voting Rights of Class A Shares Generally. Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement or any Series Designation, (i) Record Holders of a particular Series of Voting Shares shall be entitled to one vote per Class A Share for all matters submitted for the consent or approval of the Members of such Series, and (ii) the Managing Member or any aShareX Party shall not be entitled to vote in connection with any Class A Shares they hold pursuant to Section 3.1(h), and no such Class A Shares shall be deemed Outstanding for purposes of any such vote; provided such Class A Shares may be counted for purposes of satisfying any quorum requirement and they will be counted as Outstanding and entitled to vote on any proposal submitted to Series Members to sell or dispose of the Artwork associated with such Series.

 

 
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Section 3.6 Record Holders. The Company shall be entitled to recognize only the Record Holder as the owner of a Class A Share and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or in such Class A Share on the part of any other Person, regardless of whether the Company shall have actual or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by law or any applicable rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any National Securities Exchange or over-the-counter market on which such Class A Shares are listed for trading (if ever). Without limiting the foregoing, when a Person (such as a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation or an agent of any of the foregoing) is acting as nominee, agent or in some other representative capacity for another Person in acquiring or holding Class A Shares, as between the Company on the one hand, and such other Persons on the other, such representative Person shall be the Record Holder of such Class A Shares.

 

Section 3.7 Share Certificates. Class A Shares may be recorded in book entry form or may be evidenced by certificates, or in any other form, as determined by the Managing Member. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, unless the Managing Member shall determine otherwise or as may be required by the Transfer Agent, Class A Shares shall not be evidenced by physical Certificates. No Member shall have the right to require the Company to issue physical Certificates representing Class A Shares for any reason, except as may be required by applicable law. If the Managing Member authorizes the issuance of Class A Shares to any Person in the form of physical certificates, the Company shall issue one or more certificates in the name of such Person evidencing the number of such Class A Shares being so issued. Certificates for the Class A Shares of a Series shall be consecutively numbered and shall be entered on the books and records of the Company as they are issued and shall exhibit the holder’s name and number of shares.

 

Section 3.8 Fractional Shares. Unless otherwise provided in any Series Designation, the Company shall not issue fractional Class A Shares upon an Initial Offering, a Subsequent Offering or the conversion of Class B Shares to Class A Shares, or upon any distribution, subdivision or combination of Class A Shares. If such transaction would otherwise result in the issuance of fractional Class A Shares, each fractional Class A share shall be rounded to the nearest whole Class A Share (and a 0.5 Class A Share shall be rounded to the next higher Class A Share).

 

Section 3.9 Agreements. The rights of all Members and the terms of all Class A Shares are subject to the provisions of this Agreement (including any Series Designation).

 

Section 3.10 100% Bidders. A 100% Bidder participating in the Auction through the Auction Platform or otherwise shall not become a Series Member as a result of such transaction and shall remit the proceeds associated with its Winning Bid directly to the Auction House, with the result that the Closing for the associated Offering shall terminate, Pursuant to the terms of its Auction Agreement, such 100% Bidder shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, the Series associated with such Offering and the aShareX Parties from any Losses associated with its purchase (or failure to purchase) the Artwork in accordance with (or in breach of) the terms of the agreement with the Auction House.

 

ARTICLE IV

 

REGISTRATION AND TRANSFER OF CLASS A SHARES.

 

Section 4.1 Maintenance of a Register. Subject to the restrictions on Transfer and ownership limitations contained below:

 

(a) The Company, or its appointee, shall keep or cause to be kept on behalf of the Company and each Series a register that will set forth the Record Holders of each of the Class A Shares and information regarding the Transfer of each of the Class A Shares. The Managing Member may appoint such third-party registrar and transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”) as it determines appropriate in its sole discretion, for the purpose of registering Class A Shares and Transfers of such Class A Shares as herein provided, including as set forth in any Series Designation.

 

 
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(b) Upon acceptance by the Managing Member of the Transfer of any Class A share, each transferee of a Class A Share (i) shall be admitted to the Company as a Series Member of the associated Series with respect to the Class A Shares so transferred to such transferee when any such admission is reflected in the books and records of the Company and the Transfer Agent, (ii) shall be deemed to agree to be bound by the terms of this Agreement by completing a Form of Adherence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Managing Member in accordance with Section 4.2(g)(ii), (iii) shall become the Record Holder of the Class A Shares so transferred, (iv) grants powers of attorney to the Managing Member and any Liquidator of the Company and each of their authorized officers and attorneys in fact, as the case may be, as specified herein, and (v) makes the consents and waivers contained in this Agreement. The Transfer of any Class A Shares and the admission of any new Series Member shall not constitute an amendment to this Agreement, and no amendment to this Agreement shall be required for the admission of new Series Members.

 

(c) Nothing contained in this Agreement shall preclude the settlement of any transactions involving transfer in the secondary market of the Class A Shares on the Transfer Platform or any other over-the-counter market on which such Class A Shares are listed or quoted for trading, if any.

 

Section 4.2 Ownership Limitations.

 

(a) No Transfer of any Series Member’s Class A Share, whether voluntary or Involuntary, shall be valid or effective, and no transferee shall become a Substitute Series Member, unless the written consent of the Managing Member has been obtained, which consent may be withheld in its sole and absolute discretion as further described in this Section 4.2, or unless the Transfer is to (i) an immediate family member or an Affiliate of the transferor, (ii) to a trust or other entity for estate or tax planning purposes if the transferor maintains control of the trust or entity, (iii) as a charitable gift, or (iv) pursuant to a trade executed by the Executing Broker on the Trading Platform. In the event of any Transfer, all of the conditions of the remainder of this Section must also be satisfied. Notwithstanding the foregoing but subject to Section 3.6, assignment of the economic benefits of ownership of Class A Shares may be made without the Managing Member’s consent, provided that the assignee is not an ineligible or unsuitable investor to hold the Class A Shares under applicable law.

 

(b) No Transfer of any Class A Shares, whether voluntary or Involuntary, shall be valid or effective unless the Managing Member determines, after consultation with legal counsel acting for the Company that such Transfer will not, unless waived by the Managing Member:

 

(i) result in a Benefit Plan Investor acquiring direct or beneficial ownership of the Class A Shares subject to the Transfer or otherwise cause all or any portion of the assets of the Company or any Series to constitute plan assets for purposes of ERISA;

 

 
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(ii) adversely affect the Company or such Series, or subject the Company, the Series, the Managing Member or any of their respective Affiliates to any additional regulatory or governmental requirements or cause the Company to be disqualified as a limited liability company or subject the Company, any Series, the Managing Member or any of their respective Affiliates to any tax to which it would not otherwise be subject;

 

(iii) require registration of the Company, any Series or any Class A Shares under any securities laws of the United States of America, any state thereof or any other jurisdiction; or

 

(iv) violate or be inconsistent with any representation or warranty made by the transferee Series Member.

 

(c) The transferring Series Member, or such Series Member’s legal representative, shall give the Managing Member prior written notice before making any voluntary Transfer and notice within thirty (30) days after any Involuntary Transfer (unless such notice period is otherwise waived by the Managing Member), and shall provide sufficient information to allow legal counsel acting for the Company to make the determination that the proposed Transfer will not result in any of the consequences referred to in paragraphs (b)(i) through (b)(v) above. If a Transfer occurs by reason of the death of an Series Member or assignee, the notice may be given by the duly authorized representative of the estate of the Series Member or assignee. The notice must be supported by proof of legal authority and valid assignment in form and substance acceptable to the Managing Member.

 

(d) In the event any Transfer permitted by this Section shall result in beneficial ownership by multiple Persons of any Class A Shares in the Company, the Managing Member may require one Person to be designated as the Record Holder with respect to the Class A Shares for the purpose of receiving all notices which may be given and all payments which may be made under this Agreement, and for the purpose of exercising the rights which the transferor as a Series Member had pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.

 

(e) A transferee shall be entitled to any future distributions attributable to the Class A Shares transferred to such transferee and to transfer such Class A Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement; provided, however, that such transferee shall not be entitled to the other rights of a Series Member as a result of such Transfer until he or she becomes a Series Member.

 

(f) The Company and each Series shall incur no liability for distributions made in good faith to the transferring Series Member as the Record Holder of the transferred Class A Share until a written instrument of Transfer has been received by the Company and recorded on its books and the effective date of Transfer has passed.

 

(g) Any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, any transferee of a Class A Share shall be bound by the provisions hereof even though not admitted as a Series Member. Prior to recognizing any Transfer in accordance with this Section, the Managing Member may require, in its sole discretion:

 

 
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(i) the transferring Series Member and each transferee to execute one or more deeds or other instruments of Transfer in a form satisfactory to the Managing Member;

 

(ii) each transferee to acknowledge its assumption (in whole or, if the Transfer is in respect of part only, in the proportionate part) of the obligations of the transferring Series Member by executing a Form of Adherence (or any other equivalent instrument as determined by the Managing Member);

 

(iii) each transferee to provide all the information required by the Managing Member to satisfy itself as to anti-money laundering, know your customer, counter-terrorist financing and sanctions compliance matters; and

 

(iv) payment by the transferring Series Member, in full, of the costs and expenses referred to in paragraph (h) below,

 

and no Transfer shall be completed or recorded in the books of the Company, and no proposed transferee of a Class A Share shall be admitted to the Company as a Series Member, unless and until each of these requirements has been satisfied or, at the sole discretion of the Managing Member, waived.

 

(h) Subject to the last sentence of this subsection (h), the transferring Series Member shall bear all costs and expenses arising in connection with any proposed Transfer, whether or not the Transfer proceeds to completion, including any legal fees incurred by the Company or any broker or dealer, any costs or expenses in connection with any opinion of counsel, and any transfer taxes and filing fees. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is understood and agreed that the transferor and transferee shall each pay (i) 50% of the commissions and fees due to the Executing Broker executing the trade on the Transfer Platform (such total commission and fee is expected to total 2% of the gross proceeds received by the transferring Series Member in the trade), plus (ii) 50% of the transfer fee due to the Asset Manager (such fee shall equal 3% of the total Offering Price of the Class A Shares subject to the Transfer).

 

Section 4.3 Transfers by the Managing Member; Resignations.

 

(a) The Managing Member may Transfer all Class A Shares acquired by the Managing Member (including all Class A Shares acquired by the Managing Member in the Initial Offering pursuant to Section 3.1(i)) at any time and from time to time following the closing of the Initial Offering.

 

(b) The Series Members hereby authorize the Managing Member to assign its rights, obligations and title as Managing Member to an Affiliate of the Managing Member without the prior consent of any other Person, and, in connection with such transfer, designate such Affiliate of the Managing Member as a successor Managing Member provided, that the Managing Member shall notify the applicable Series Members of such change in the next regular communication to such Series Members.

 

(c) Except as set forth in Section 4.3(b) above, in the event of the resignation of the Managing Member of its rights, obligations and title as Managing Member, the Managing Member shall nominate a successor Managing Member and the vote of a majority of the Class A Shares held by Series Members shall be required to elect such successor Managing Member. The Managing Member shall continue to serve as the Managing Member of the Company until such date as a successor Managing Member is elected pursuant to the terms of this Section 4.3(c).

 

 
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Section 4.4 Remedies for Breach. If the Managing Member shall at any time determine in good faith that a Transfer or other event has taken place that results in a violation of this Article IV, the Managing Member shall take such action as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect to or to prevent such Transfer or other event, including, without limitation, causing the Company to redeem the associated Class A Shares, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Company or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer or other event.

 

Section 4.5 Pledging the Class A Shares. A Series Member may pledge its Class A Shares as collateral for a loan, provided that the lien is extinguished prior to the Transfer of the shares, and the pledgor and lender agree that, if there is a foreclosure on the lien, the lender will notify the Managing Member and Transfer Agent of the Transfer, register the lender (or other transferee) on the Investor Platform and execute the documentation required of any transferee under this Article IV.

 

ARTICLE V

 

MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF THE COMPANY AND EACH SERIES

 

Section 5.1 Power and Authority of Managing Member. Except as explicitly set forth in this Agreement, the Managing Member shall have full power and authority to do, and to direct the officers to do, all things and on such terms as it determines to be necessary or appropriate to conduct the business of the Company, Cayman and each Series and SP, to exercise all powers set forth in Section 2.4 and to effectuate the purposes set forth in Section 2.4, in each case without the consent of the Series Members, including but not limited to the following:

 

(a) the procurement of an Extraordinary Loan under such terms as are commercially reasonable to fund any Extraordinary Expenses of a Series or SP;

 

(b) the making of tax, regulatory and other filings, or rendering of periodic or other reports to governmental or other agencies having jurisdiction over the business or assets of the Company or any Series (including, but not limited to, the filing of periodic reports on Forms 1-K, 1-SA and 1-U with the SEC), and the making of any tax elections;

 

(c) the acquisition, disposition, mortgage, pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation or exchange of any or all of the assets of the Company or any Series, including the Artwork associated with a Series;

 

(d) the negotiation, execution and performance of any contracts, conveyances or other instruments (including instruments that limit the liability of the Company, a Series or SP under contractual arrangements to all or particular assets of the Company, the Series or SP);

 

(e) the declaration and payment of distributions of Net Sales Proceeds associated with a Series;

 

 
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(f) the election and removal of officers of the Company, any Series or SP;

 

(g) the solicitation of proxies from holders of any Series of Class A Shares issued on or after the date of this Agreement that entitles the holders thereof to vote on any matter submitted for consent or approval of Series Members under this Agreement;

 

(h) the maintenance of insurance for the benefit of the Company, any Series and the Protected Persons and the reinvestment by the Managing Member in its sole discretion, of any proceeds received by such Series from an insurance claim in a replacement Series Asset which is substantially similar to that which comprised the Series Asset prior to the event giving rise to such insurance payment;

 

(i) the formation of, or acquisition or disposition of an interest, in Cayman or any SP, and the contribution of property and the making of Extraordinary Loans to, Cayman or an SP;

 

(j) the placement of any cash or other funds in deposit accounts in the name of a Series or SP, or to invest such cash or funds in any short term investments for the account of such Series or SP, in each case pending the application of such cash or funds in meeting liabilities of the Series or SP or making distributions or other payments to the Members (as the case may be);

 

(k) the control of any matters affecting the rights and obligations of any Company Group Member, including the bringing, prosecuting and defending of actions at law or in equity and otherwise engaging in the conduct of litigation, arbitration or remediation, and the incurring of legal expense and the settlement of claims and litigation, including in respect of taxes;

 

(l) the indemnification of any Protected Person against liabilities and contingencies to the maximum extent permitted under this Agreement or as otherwise required by law;

 

(m) the giving of consent of or voting by any Company Group Member of any securities that may be owned by the Company Group Member (subject to the approval rights of the Series Member as explicitly set forth in this Agreement);

 

(n) the execution of agreements to facilitate the trading of Class A Shares on the Trading Platform or other secondary market; and the delisting of some or all of the Class A Shares from, or requesting that trading be suspended on, any such market;

 

(o) the issuance, sale or other disposition, and the purchase or other acquisition, of Class A Shares or options, rights or warrants relating to Class A Shares;

 

(p) the registration of any offer, issuance, sale or resale of Class A Shares or other securities or any Series issued or to be issued by the Company under the Securities Act and any other applicable securities laws (including any resale of Class A Shares or other securities by Members or other security holders);

 

 
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(q) the execution and delivery of agreements with Affiliates of the Company or other Persons to render services to any Company Group Member; and

 

(r) unless otherwise provided in this Agreement or the Series Designation, the calling of a vote of the Series Members as to any matter to be voted on by all Series Members of the Company or by a particular Series, as applicable.

 

The authority and functions of the Managing Member and the officers of the Company Group Members appointed by it shall be identical to the authority and functions of the board of directors and officers, respectively, of a corporation organized under the DGCL in addition to the powers that now or hereafter can be granted to managers under the Delaware Act. No Series Member, by virtue of its status as such, shall have any management power over the business and affairs of the Company or any Series or actual or apparent authority to enter into, execute or deliver contracts on behalf of, or to otherwise bind, the Company or any Series.

 

Section 5.2 Determinations by the Managing Member. In furtherance of the authority granted to the Managing Member pursuant to Section 5.1 of this Agreement, the determination as to any of the following matters, made in good faith by or pursuant to the direction of the Managing Member consistent with this Agreement, shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon each Company Group Member, each Series Member and each holder of Class A Shares:

 

(a) the amount of Net Sales Proceeds for any period and the amount of cash at any time legally available for the payment of distributions on Class A Shares of any Series;

 

(b) the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges shall have been created shall have been paid or discharged);

 

(c) any interpretation of the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers or rights, restrictions, limitations as to distributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of any Series;

 

(d) the fair value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the fair value, of any Artwork owned or held by an SP for the benefit of any Series or of any Class A Shares, and the terms upon which Artwork may be sold or disposed;

 

(e) the voting procedures and calculation of votes in favor or not for any matter submitted to the Series Members;

 

(f) any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any assets by any Series or SP;

 

(g) the evaluation of any competing Class A Shares among the Series and the resolution of any conflicts of Class A Shares among the Series;

 

(h) each of the matters set forth in Section 5.1(a) through Section 5.1(r); or

 

 
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(i) any other matter relating to the business and affairs of any Company Group Member or required or permitted by applicable law, this Agreement or otherwise to be determined by the Managing Member.

 

The Managing Member may delegate to any Person or Persons, including the Asset Manager, any of the powers and authority vested in it hereunder, and may engage such Person or Persons to provide administrative, compliance, technological and accounting services to the Company, on such terms and conditions as it may consider appropriate.

 

Section 5.3 Sale of Artwork. The Artwork held by each Series may be sold prior to the fifth anniversary of its Acquisition Date only if a compelling offer is received by the Managing Member and approved by a Majority Vote of the Series Members. The Series Members, by a Majority Vote, may cause the Managing Member to consummate a sale of the Artwork in either the sixth or seventh years following its Acquisition Date. If a prior sale has not been so approved, the Managing Member must sell the Artwork in the eighth year following the Acquisition Date (although the consummation of the transaction may extend into the following year). The Managing Member shall use commercially reasonable efforts to effect the sale of the Artwork at favorable prices and terms, but otherwise in its sole discretion (provided that any such sale shall only be for cash). The sale of the Artwork may be effected through a public auction or private sale, and if through a public auction, the Managing Member may form an investor group, including Series Members who wish to retain indirect ownership in the Artwork, to bid as a group to acquire the Artwork using the Auction Platform. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Managing Member may be required to sell the Artwork without the approval of the Series Members if (a) the Series has incurred material Extraordinary Expenses which the Managing Member is unable or unwilling to fund and cannot find third party financing under reasonable terms, or (b) an Extraordinary Loan funded by a third party has matured and the Managing Member is unable to extend such maturity date or find alternative financing to repay the matured loan.

  

Section 5.4 Advisory Board.

 

(a) The Managing Member may establish an Advisory Board comprised of members of the Managing Member’s expert network and external advisors. The Advisory Board will be available to provide guidance to the Managing Member on the strategy and progress of the Company. Additionally, the Advisory Board may: (i) be consulted with by the Managing Member in connection with the acquisition and disposal of Artwork, (ii) provide guidance with respect to, material conflicts arising or that are reasonably likely to arise with the Managing Member or Asset Manager, on the one hand, and any Company Group Member or the Series Members, on the other hand, (iii) provide guidance with respect to the appropriate levels of insurance, security, transportation and maintenance costs specific to each individual Artwork, (iv) advise on issues concerning the provenance, authenticity, restoration or condition of any individual Artwork; and (v) approve any service providers appointed by the Asset Manager or Managing Member in respect of the Artwork and the terms of such service agreement.

 

 
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(b) The members of the Advisory Board shall not be deemed managers or other persons with duties to the Company or any Series under Sections 18-1101 or 18-1104 of the Delaware Act or under any other applicable law or in equity, and shall have no fiduciary duty to the Company or any Series. The Managing Member shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall be fully protected in relying upon, reports and information of the Advisory Board to the extent the Managing Member reasonably believes that such matters are within the professional or expert competence of the members of the Advisory Board, and shall be protected under Section 18-406 of the Delaware Act in relying thereon.

 

Section 5.5 Exculpation, Indemnification, Advances and Insurance.

 

(a) Subject to other applicable provisions of this Article V including Section 5.7, a Protected Person shall not be liable to any Company Group Member or any Series Member for any acts or omissions by such Protected Person or any other Protected Persons arising from the exercise of their rights or performance of their duties and obligations in connection with any Company Group Member, this Agreement, any Series Designation, or any investment made or held by a Company Group Member, including with respect to any acts or omissions made while serving at the request of the Managing Member as an officer, director, or manager of another Person, other than such acts or omissions that have been determined in a final, non-appealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction to constitute fraud or willful misconduct. The Protected Persons shall be indemnified by the Company and, to the extent the indemnification obligation is associated with any Series, each such Series, in each case, to the fullest extent permitted by law, against all claims, actions, obligations, expenses and liabilities (including judgments, fines, penalties, interest, amounts paid in settlement with the approval of the Company and counsel fees and disbursements) (collectively, “Losses”) arising from the performance or non-performance of any of their duties or obligations in connection with their service to any Company Group Member or this Agreement, or any investment made or held by any Company Group Member, including in connection with any civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other action, suit or proceeding to which any such Person may hereafter be made party by reason of being or having been a Protected Person, provided that this indemnification shall not cover Losses that arise out of the acts or omissions of any Protected Person that have been determined in a final, non-appealable decision of a court, arbitrator or other tribunal of competent jurisdiction to have resulted primarily from such Protected Person’s fraud or willful misconduct. Without limitation, the foregoing indemnity shall extend to any liability of any Protected Person pursuant to a loan guaranty or otherwise for any indebtedness of any Company Group Member (including any Extraordinary Loan), and the Managing Member is hereby authorized and empowered, on behalf of any Company Group Member, to enter into one or more indemnity agreements consistent with the provisions of this Section in favor of any Protected Person having or potentially having liability for any such indebtedness. It is the intention of this paragraph that the Company and each applicable Series indemnify each Protected Person to the fullest extent permitted by law, provided that this indemnification shall not cover Losses that arise out of the acts or omissions of any Protected Person that have been determined in a final, non-appealable decision of a court, arbitrator or other tribunal of competent jurisdiction to have resulted primarily from such Protected Person’s fraud or willful misconduct.

 

(b) The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent they restrict the duties and liabilities of a Protected Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, including Section 5.7, are agreed by each Member to modify such duties and liabilities of the Protected Person to the maximum extent permitted by law.

 

 
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(c) Any indemnification under this Section (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by each applicable Series. To the extent that a Protected Person has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding described above, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such Protected Person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorney’s fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such Protected Person in connection therewith.

 

(d) Any Protected Person may apply to the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or any other court of competent jurisdiction in the State of Delaware for indemnification to the extent otherwise permissible under paragraph (a). The basis of such indemnification by a court shall be a determination by such court that indemnification of the Protected Person is proper in the circumstances because such Protected Person has met the applicable standards of conduct set forth in paragraph (a). Neither a contrary determination in the specific case under paragraph (c) nor the absence of any determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a presumption that the Protected Person seeking indemnification has not met any applicable standard of conduct. Notice of any application for indemnification pursuant to this paragraph shall be given to the Managing Member promptly upon the filing of such application. If successful, in whole or in part, the Protected Person seeking indemnification shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such application.

 

(e) Except in the case of a Protected Person who is subject to a claim of Losses by an aShareX Entity, to the fullest extent permitted by law, expenses (including attorney’s fees) incurred by a Protected Person in defending any civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding may, at the option of the Managing Member, be paid by each applicable Series in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Protected Person to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such Protected Person is not entitled to be indemnified by each such Series as authorized in this Section.

 

(f) The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this Section shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under this Agreement, or any other agreement (including without limitation any Series Designation), vote of Members or otherwise, and shall continue as to a Protected Person who has ceased to serve in such capacity and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, successors, assigns and administrators of the Protected Person unless otherwise provided in a written agreement with such Protected Person or in the writing pursuant to which such Protected Person is indemnified, it being the policy of the Company that indemnification of the Persons specified in paragraph (a) shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law. The provisions of this Section shall not be deemed to preclude the indemnification of any Person who is not specified in paragraph (a) but whom the Company or an applicable Series has the power or obligation to indemnify under the provisions of the Delaware Act.

 

(g) The Company and any Series may, but shall not be obligated to, purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any Person entitled to indemnification under this Section against any liability asserted against such Person and incurred by such Person in any capacity to which they are entitled to indemnification hereunder, or arising out of such Person’s status as such, whether or not the Company would have the power or the obligation to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Section.

 

 
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(h) The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Section shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of any person entitled to indemnification under this Section.

 

(i) The Company and any Series may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Managing Member, provide rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to employees and agents of the Company or such Series.

 

(j) If this Section or any portion of this Section shall be invalidated on any ground by a court of competent jurisdiction, each applicable Series shall nevertheless indemnify a Protected Person associated with such Series as to Losses paid in settlement with respect to any action, suit, proceeding or investigation, whether civil, criminal or administrative, including a grand jury proceeding or action or suit brought by or in the right of the Company, to the full extent permitted by any applicable portion of this Section that shall not have been invalidated.

  

(k) Each of the Protected Persons may, in the performance of its duties, consult with legal counsel, accountants, and other experts, and any act or omission by such Person on behalf of a Company Group Member  in furtherance of the interests of a Company Group Member in good faith in reliance upon, and in accordance with, the advice of such legal counsel, accountants or other experts will be full justification for any such act or omission, and such Person will be fully protected for such acts and omissions; provided that such legal counsel, accountants, or other experts were selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of such Protected Person.

  

(m) The Managing Member shall, in the performance of its duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of a Company Group Member and on such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Company Group Member by any of the officers or employees of the Company Group Member, or by any other Person as to matters the Managing Member reasonably believes are within such other Person’s professional or expert competence (including, without limitation, the Advisory Board).

 

(n) Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Section or any provision hereof shall be prospective only and shall not in any way affect the limitations on the liability of or other rights of any indemnitee under this Section as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to claims arising from or relating to matters occurring, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted and provided such Person became an indemnitee hereunder prior to such amendment, modification or repeal.

 

Section 5.6 Duties of Officers.

 

(a) Except as set forth in Sections 5.5 and 5.7, as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or required by the Delaware Act, (i) the duties and obligations owed to a Company Group Member by its officers shall be the same as the duties and obligations owed to a corporation organized under DGCL by its officers, and (ii) the duties and obligations owed to the Members by such officers shall be the same as the duties and obligations owed to the stockholders of a corporation under the DGCL by its officers.

 

 
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(b) The Managing Member shall have the right to exercise any of the powers granted to it by this Agreement and perform any of the duties imposed upon it thereunder either directly or by or through the duly authorized officers of a Company Group Member, and the Managing Member shall not be responsible for the fraud or willful misconduct or negligence on the part of any such officer duly appointed or duly authorized by the Managing Member in good faith.

 

Section 5.7 Standards of Conduct and Modification of Duties of the Managing Member. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or under any applicable law, including, without limitation, Section 18-1101(c) of the Delaware Act, the Managing Member, in exercising its rights hereunder in its capacity as the managing member of the Company or any Series, shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own Class A or B Shares, and shall have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any factors affecting the Company Group Members or any Series Members, and shall not be subject to any other or different standards imposed by this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby, under the Delaware Act or under any other applicable law or in equity. The Managing Member shall not have any duty (including any fiduciary duty) to any Company Group Member or Series Member or any other Person, including any fiduciary duty associated with self-dealing or corporate opportunities, all of which are hereby expressly waived. This Section shall not in any way reduce or otherwise limit the specific obligations of the Managing Member expressly provided in this Agreement or in any other agreement with the Company Group Members.

  

Section 5.8 Reliance by Third Parties. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any Person dealing with any Company Group Member shall be entitled to assume that the Managing Member, the Asset Manager and any of their respective officers has full power and authority to encumber, sell or otherwise use in any manner any and all assets of the Company Group Member and to enter into any contracts on behalf of the Company Group Member, and such Person shall be entitled to deal with the Managing Member, Asset Manager or any such officer as if it were the Company Group Member’s sole party in interest, both legally and beneficially. Each Series Member hereby waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all defenses or other remedies that may be available against such Person to contest, negate or disaffirm any action of the Managing Member, Asset Manager or any such officer in connection with any such dealing. In no event shall any Person dealing with the Managing Member, Asset Manager or any such officer be obligated to ascertain that the terms of this Agreement or a Series Designation have been complied with or to inquire into the necessity or expedience of any act or action of the Managing Member, Asset Manager or any such officer. Each and every certificate, document or other instrument executed on behalf of a Company Group Member by the Managing Member, Asset Manager or officer thereof shall be conclusive evidence in favor of any and every Person relying thereon or claiming thereunder that (a) at the time of the execution and delivery of such certificate, document or instrument, this Agreement was in full force and effect, (b) the Person executing and delivering such certificate, document or instrument was duly authorized and empowered to do so for and on behalf of the Company Group Member, and (c) such certificate, document or instrument was duly executed and delivered in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement and is binding upon the Company Group Member.

  

 
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Section 5.9 Appointment of the Asset Manager.

 

(a) The Managing Member exercises ultimate authority over the assets of each Series and SP (the “Series Assets). Pursuant to Section 5.3, the Managing Member has the right to delegate its responsibilities under this Agreement in respect of the management of such Series Assets. The Managing Member has agreed on behalf of the Company to appoint the Asset Manager to manage the Series Assets on a discretionary basis, and to exercise, to the exclusion of the Managing Member (but under the supervision and authority of the Managing Member), all the powers, rights and discretions conferred on the Managing Member in respect of the Series Assets and, the Managing Member on behalf of each Series, will enter into an Asset Management Agreement pursuant to which the Asset Manager is formally appointed to manage the Series Assets. The consideration payable to the Asset Manager for managing the Series Assets will be the Sourcing Fee and the other consideration set forth in the Asset Management Agreement.

 

(b) The Asset Manager intends to store the Artwork in a manner that prioritizes its ongoing security, in a professional, temperature-controlled facility and in accordance with standards commonly expected when managing fine artwork of equivalent value, and always as recommended by the Managing Member in consultation with the Advisory Board. The facility will be monitored by staff, under constant video surveillance, and inspected on a periodic basis in accordance with a pre-agreed schedule. From time to time, the Artwork may be displayed or exhibited by loan to a museum, gallery or private party, and in such cases, the Asset Manager will ensure that the Artwork is handled, transported and exhibited with the appropriate care and insurance coverage to minimize loss. The Asset Manager will use commercially reasonable measures in attending to such tasks. If the Artwork is displayed or exhibited, it will be done so only if the counterparty pays for all expenses associated with the display (including transportation, security, display costs and insurance). The Asset Manager may also receive a reasonable fee from such counterparty for arranging for, negotiating the terms of, and overseeing such transaction.

 

(c) As a compensation for its services under the Asset Management Agreement, and in consideration of it assuming the obligation to pay all of the Offering Expenses and Operating Expenses of each Series and its associated SP (other than Abort Costs and the Brokerage Fee), the Asset Manager shall be paid a fee (the “Sourcing Fee”) equal to four percent (4%) of the Purchase Price of each Artwork acquired by a Series. In addition to the foregoing:

 

(i) In connection with the Auction of the Artwork, the Asset Manager may receive a portion of the Buyer’s Premium received by the Auction House (even if the Series is not the purchaser of the Artwork).

 

(ii) If the Managing Member elects to sell the Artwork without engaging a third-party intermediary, the Asset Manager may charge the buyer of the Artwork a reasonable fee not to exceed the lowest published buyer’s premium charged by any nationally recognized Auction House in effect at such time.

 

 
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(iii) The Asset Manager may receive a reasonable fee for its services in overseeing the display or exhibition of the Artwork in a gallery, museum or exhibition space, payable solely by the exhibitor.

 

(iv) In consideration of the Asset Manager’s (x) operation and maintenance of the Investor Platform as a user interface to display information to the Class A Members and allow them to post ask and bid requests, and (y) its payment of the fees and costs for certain service providers associated with the Trading Platform and its coordination with the various parties such as the Transfer Agent to facilitate the trades, for each trade of Class A Shares on the Trading Platform or other secondary market authorized to facilitate trades of the Class A Shares, the Asset Manager shall receive a fee equal to 3% of the Offering Price of the shares subject to the trade, paid 1.5% by each of the transferor and transferee to the trade.

  

ARTICLE VI

 

FEES AND EXPENSE

 

Section 6.1 Expenses Payable by the Managing Member. In consideration for the issuance of the Class B Shares upon the formation of each Series, the Managing Member shall fund without reimbursement (a) all Abort Costs associated with an Offering of the Series that fails to be completed, and (b) the Brokerage Fee payable to the Broker upon a successful Closing of an Offering by the Series.

 

Section 6.2 Extraordinary Expenses; Extraordinary Loans. Neither the Asset Manager nor the Managing Member is required to fund Extraordinary Expenses of a Series or its SP. At the election of the Managing Member, such Extraordinary Expenses shall be funded by (i) a full recourse loan funded by the Managing Member as a loan to the associated Series or SP bearing interest at two percentage points above the Prime Rate, or (ii) a commercial lender. Any such loans shall be payable upon the sale of the Artwork or, at the election of the Managing Member, through proceeds raised upon the issuance of additional Class A Shares. In arranging for a loan from a commercial lender, it may be necessary for the Managing Member to grant to the lender a security interest in the Artwork in order to secure the performance of the Series’ or SP’s obligations under the loan. The Managing Member and Asset Manager will be reimbursed for any costs they directly incur (without markup) in rendering services to address the matter giving rise to the Extraordinary Expenses (e.g., litigation), including an allocable portion of compensation expense for any personnel dealing directly with the matter based on the hours expended in such effort, provided that no such reimbursable amounts shall exceed those that would be charged by a third party with comparable experience and expertise.

  

Section 6.3 Sale or Purchase of Artwork.

 

(a) The Managing Member may conduct an Auction itself with Artwork it has sourced and holds on consignment from the seller. If the Artwork is purchased by Investors through use of the Auction Platform, the Managing Member will receive a standard Buyer’s Premium and, if applicable, a standard Seller’s Commission from the seller, for selling the Artwork to the associated Series. The terms of the Auction will be at least as favorable to the Investors as those offered by the major Auction Houses and the fees payable to the Managing Member will be in line with the compensation payable to such Auction Houses.

 

 
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(b) In connection with any sale of the Artwork, the Managing Member may determine to sell it without engaging an Auction House or other third-party intermediary if commercially reasonable to do so, in which event, it or the Asset Manager may charge the buyer of the Artwork a reasonable fee not to exceed the lowest published Buyer’s Premium charged by Sotheby’s, Christie’s or Bonhams in effect at such time.

 

Section 6.4 Overhead of the Managing Member. The Managing Member shall pay, and the Series Members shall not bear, the cost of all of the ordinary overhead and administrative expenses of the Managing Member including, without limitation, all costs and expenses on account of rent, utilities, insurance, office supplies, office equipment, secretarial expenses, stationery, charges for furniture, fixtures and equipment, payroll taxes, travel, entertainment and, except as set forth in Section 6.2, salaries and bonuses.

  

ARTICLE VII

 

DISTRIBUTIONS

 

Section 7.1 Distributions in Respect of a Series. Subject to Section 7.3, Article XI and any Series Designation, the Net Sales Proceeds of each Series, and any other cash proceeds to be distributed by the Managing Member in its sole discretion, shall be applied and distributed to the holders of the Class A and B Shares in the manner set forth in Section 11.3(c).

 

Section 7.2 Distributions in Respect of the Company. It is not anticipated that any distributions will be made by the Company prior to its dissolution and liquidation other than to the Series Members under Section 7.1. Any cash available for distribution at the Company level shall be made to the Managing Member following the dissolution of the Company, but none of such distributions shall be made from the Series Assets of any Series.

 

Section 7.3 Timing of Distributions.

 

(a) Subject to the applicable provisions of the Delaware Act and except as otherwise provided herein, the Managing Member shall pay distributions to the Members associated with such Series pursuant to Section 7.1, at such times as the Managing Member shall reasonably determine, and pursuant to Section 7.2, as soon as reasonably practicable after the dissolution of the Company; provided that, the Managing Member shall not be obliged to make any distribution pursuant to this Section (i) unless there are sufficient amounts available for such distribution or (ii) which, in the reasonable opinion of the Managing Member, would or might leave the Company or such Series with insufficient funds to meet any future contemplated obligations or contingencies. Subject to the terms of any Series Designation (including, without limitation, the preferential rights, if any, of holders of any other class of securities of the applicable Series), distributions shall be paid to the holders of the Class A Shares of a Series on an equal per Class A share basis as of the Record Date selected by the Managing Member. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company shall not be required to make a distribution to any Member on account of its Class A Share in any Series if such distribution would violate the Delaware Act or other applicable law.

  

 
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(b) Each distribution in respect of any Class A Shares of a Series shall be paid by the Company, directly or through any other Person or agent, only to the Record Holder of such Class A Shares as of the Record Date set for such distribution. Such payment shall constitute full payment and satisfaction of the Company’s and such Series’ liability in respect of such payment, regardless of any claim of any Person who may have an interest in such payment by reason of an assignment or otherwise.

  

Section 7.4 Distributions in kind. Distributions in kind of the entire or part of a Series Asset to Members are prohibited.

 

ARTICLE VIII

 

BOOKS, RECORDS, ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS

 

Section 8.1 Records and Accounting.

 

(a) The Managing Member shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal office of the Company or such other place as determined by the Managing Member appropriate books and records with respect to the business of the Company, each Series and each SP, including all books and records necessary to provide to the Series Members any information required to be provided pursuant to this Agreement or applicable law. Any books and records maintained by or on behalf of the Company or any Series or SP in the regular course of its business, including the record of the Members, books of account and records of Company, Series or SP proceedings, may be kept in such electronic form as may be determined by the Managing Member; provided, that the books and records so maintained are convertible into clearly legible written form within a reasonable period of time. The books of the Company shall be maintained, for tax and financial reporting purposes, on an accrual basis in accordance with GAAP, unless otherwise required by applicable law or other regulatory disclosure requirement.

 

(b) Each Member shall have the right, upon reasonable demand for any purpose reasonably related to the Members interest in the Company (as reasonably determined by the Managing Member) to such information pertaining to the Company as a whole and to each Series in which such Member is a Series Member, as provided in Section 18-305 of the Delaware Act; provided, that prior to such Member having the ability to access such information, the Managing Member shall be permitted to require such Member to enter into a confidentiality agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Managing Member. For the avoidance of doubt, except as may be required pursuant to Article X, a Member shall only have access to the information (including any Series Designation) referenced with respect to any Series in which such Member is a Series Member and not to any other Series.

 

(c) Except as otherwise set forth in the applicable Series Designation, within 120 calendar days after the end of the fiscal year and 90 calendar days after the end of the semi-annual reporting date, the Managing Member shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to circulate to each Series Member electronically by e-mail or made available via the Investor Platform:

 

 
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(i) a financial statement of such Series (consolidated with its SP) prepared in accordance with GAAP, which includes a balance sheet, profit and loss statement and a cash flow statement; and

 

(ii) confirmation of the number of Class A Shares in such Series Outstanding as of the end of the most recent fiscal year;

 

provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company or any Series is required to disclose financial information pursuant to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (including without limitations periodic reports under the Exchange Act or under Rule 257 under Regulation A of the Securities Act), then compliance with such provisions shall be deemed compliance with this Section 8.1(c) and no further or earlier financial reports shall be required to be provided to the Series Members of the applicable Series with such reporting requirement.

 

Section 8.2 Fiscal Year. Unless otherwise provided in a Series Designation, the fiscal year for tax and financial reporting purposes of each Series shall be a calendar year ending December 31 unless otherwise required by the Code. The fiscal year for financial reporting purposes of the Company shall be a calendar year ending December 31.

 

ARTICLE IX

 

TAX MATTERS

 

Section 9.1 Capital Accounts

 

(a) There shall be established for each Series Member on the books of the Company a capital account (a “Capital Account”) for the associated Series in accordance with Section 704 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder. At the close of each Fiscal Year, and at certain other periods, as in the case of a Transfer of a Class A Share, there shall be determined for each Series Member, its closing Series Capital Account for such period which shall be determined by adjusting such Series Member’s opening Series Capital Account for such period, as the case may be, as follows: (i) by increasing it by (A) such Series Member’s allocable share of each item of the Series’ income and gain for such period, and (B) the Capital Contributions, if any, made by such Series Member to the Series during such period and (ii) by decreasing such Capital Account by (A) the amount of cash distributed to such Series Member by the Series during such period and (B) such Series Member’s allocable share of each item of the Series’ loss and deduction for such period. Each Member’s Capital Account shall be further adjusted with respect to any special allocations or adjustments pursuant to this Agreement.

  

(b) In the event a Series has commenced its dissolution and liquidation during any period, the closing Capital Accounts of the Members for such Fiscal Year then completed will be determined as of the date of the commencement of such dissolution and liquidation.

 

(c) As of the end of each Fiscal Year of the Company, each item of income, deduction, gain or loss of each Series (determined in accordance with U.S. tax principles as applied to the maintenance of capital accounts) shall be allocated among the Capital Accounts of the Series Members in proportion to the number of Class A Shares that they hold in the Series at the end of the Fiscal Year, of if their ending Capital Account balances following such allocation are not in proportion to the ending Capital Account balances of the other Series Members in terms of the number of Class A Shares they hold, then the Managing Member shall reallocate items of income, gain, loss or deduction among the Series Members so that their ending Capital Account balances are in proportion to the number of Class A Shares they own at the end of the Fiscal Year.

 

 
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(d) If all or a portion of a Series Member’s Class A Shares are Transferred in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the Class A Shares so transferred. All items of income, profit, deduction or loss realized by the Series for such Fiscal Year, to the extent allocable to such Class A Shares, shall be allocated between the transferor and transferee on the basis of the number of the days in the Fiscal Year before and after the date of the Transfer.

 

Section 9.2 Tax Allocations. Each item of income, gain, loss or deduction recognized by the Company in respect of a Series shall be allocated among the Series Members for U.S. federal, state and local income tax purposes in the same manner that each such item is allocated to the Member’s Capital Accounts pursuant to Section 9.1(c) or as otherwise provided herein, provided that the Managing Member may adjust such allocations as long as such adjusted allocations have substantial economic effect or are in accordance with the interests of the Series Members in the Company, in each case within the meaning of the Code and the Treasury Regulations. Items of Company taxable income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to any property (other than cash) contributed to the capital of the Company or which is revalued upon the conversion of Class B Shares to Class A Shares or upon the issuance of Class A Shares in a Subsequent Offering shall, solely for tax purposes, be allocated among the Members, as determined by the Managing Member in accordance with Section 704(c) of the Code, so as to take account of any variation between the adjusted basis of such property to the Company for U.S. federal income tax purposes and its fair market value at the time of contribution or revaluation, as the case may be. The Managing Member shall determine in its sole discretion whether any such revaluation is required to comply with the applicable provisions of the Code and Treasury Regulations. All of the Members agree that the Managing Member is authorized to select the method or convention, or to treat an item as an extraordinary item, in relation to any variation of any Member’s interest in the Company described in section 1.706-4 of the Treasury Regulations in determining the Members’ distributive shares of Company items. All matters concerning allocations for U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. income tax purposes, including accounting procedures, not expressly provided for by the terms of this Agreement shall be determined by the Managing Member in its sole discretion.

  

Section 9.3 Tax Matters.

 

(a) The Managing Member (shall designate a Person as the Tax Representative of the Company for purposes of Section 6223 of the Code (“Tax Representative”) and any similar provision under any state or local or non-U.S. tax laws, and such Person shall be responsible for acting as the liaison between the Company and the Internal Revenue Service (“Service”). The Tax Representative shall have the exclusive authority and discretion to determine all matters and shall be authorized to take any actions necessary with respect to preparing and filing any U.S. federal, state or local or non-U.S. tax returns of the Company and each Series, to make or cause the Company and each Series to make any elections required or permitted to be made by the Company and Series under any provisions of the Code or any other applicable laws and has the sole authority under the Code to deal with the Service regarding any audit, examination or investigation (including any judicial or administrative proceeding) of the Company or Series by any U.S. federal, state or local or non-U.S. taxing authority (“Tax Proceeding”) to the exclusion of all Members. At any time during an audit by the Service of the Company, the Managing Member shall have the authority to remove, with or without cause, the Tax Representative and appoint a replacement Tax Representative.

 

 
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(b) Each of the Members consents to and agrees to become bound by all actions of the Tax Representative, including any contest, settlement or other action or position which the Tax Representative may deem proper under the circumstances. The Members specifically acknowledge, without limiting the general applicability of this Section 9.3, that the Tax Representative will not be liable, responsible or accountable in damages or otherwise to the Company, Series or any Member with respect to any action taken by it in its capacity as a Tax Representative, except if determined to have engaged in fraud or willful misconduct in a non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction. All reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Tax Representative in such capacity will be considered expenses of the associated Series and shall be considered an Extraordinary Expense for which the Tax Representative will be entitled to full reimbursement.

 

(c) In connection with any Tax Proceeding, the Tax Representative shall resolve each issue in the Tax Proceeding only in accordance with the affirmative accession of the Managing Member to the advice of the Tax Representative made, either independently or in consultation with the Company’s tax counsel or preparer, after appropriately articulating to it the issues involved and the dynamics of the impact upon the Company and the Series Members with respect to any such proposed posture.

  

(d) If, in connection with a Tax Proceeding, the Service assesses a tax against the Company or a Series, the Tax Representative, acting under Section 6225(c)(2) of the Code, may require all of the Series Members, or Persons who were previously Series Members of the Series as to the applicable taxable year, to file amended tax returns and to pay their share of such assessed tax for such applicable period, in proportion to the share of partnership income or loss ascribed to each for such year. This provision shall survive each Person’s cessation as a Series Member of the associated Series or any amendment or termination of this Agreement for so long as a tax return of the Series as to which any Person was a Series Member would be open to audit, and each Person signing this Agreement as a Series Member hereby agrees to indemnify the Company, the Series and the other Series Members from and against any amounts of assessed taxes as they would be otherwise obligated to pay in accordance with this Section 9.3.

  

(e) The Members acknowledge that the Managing Member reserves the right to supplement or amend any applicable provisions of this Agreement, including as to this Section 9.3, to address such additional processes or procedures as may be indicated to reasonably facilitate the Company’s compliance with the Code.

  

 
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(f) The Series Members shall provide the Company with such information, which may be necessary or desirable in connection with preparing and filing tax elections or otherwise in connection with the compliance with applicable tax laws, including providing information in connection with any tax elections permitted thereunder. The Managing Member shall cause to be prepared and filed all tax returns of the Company and each Series that are required to be filed for U.S. federal, state or local or non-U.S. tax purposes and shall make all determinations as to tax elections by the Company. The Company shall use reasonable efforts to furnish to all Series Members tax information as is reasonably required for U.S. federal, state and local income tax reporting purposes as soon as practicable following the end of the fiscal year. Each Series Member shall be required to report for all tax purposes consistently with such information provided by the Company.

  

(g) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Managing Member is authorized to take any action that may be required to cause the Company and each Series to comply with any withholding or other similar requirements established pursuant to the Code or any other provision of U.S. federal, state or local or non-U.S. tax law or otherwise. To the extent the Company or Series is required to or elects to withhold and pay over or otherwise pay any withholding or other taxes payable, or required to be deducted, by the Company or any Series pursuant to the Code or any provision of U.S. federal, state or local or non-U.S. tax law or otherwise, attributable to a Series Member (including taxes attributable to income or gain allocable to such Series Member) or resulting from such Series Member’s participation in a Series or a Transfer of Class A Shares to such Series Member, the Managing Member may treat the amount withheld as a distribution of cash to the extent such Series Member would have received a cash distribution but for such withholding or other taxes. To the extent that such payment exceeds the cash distribution that such Series Member would have received but for such withholding or other taxes, the Managing Member shall notify such Series Member as to the amount of such excess and such Series Member shall make a prompt payment to the Company of such amount by wire transfer, which payment shall not constitute a Capital Contribution of such Series Member.

  

ARTICLE X

 

REMOVAL OF THE MANAGING MEMBER AND ASSET MANAGER

 

Section 10.1 Removal. The Series Members of the Company acting by way of a Company Super Majority Approval may elect to remove the Managing Member and Asset Manager at any time if the Managing Member or Asset Manager, as applicable, is found by a non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction to have committed fraud or willful misconduct through the acts or omissions of an executive officer, director or manager in connection with a Series or the Company and which has a material adverse effect on the Company or Series, as applicable. The Managing Member shall call a meeting of all of the Series Members of the Company within 30 calendar days of such final non-appealable judgment at which the Series Members may vote to remove the Managing Member and Asset Manager, as stated above, and if so removed, appoint by a Company Majority Approval a replacement Managing Member and Asset Manager to succeed in such capacities for the Company and each Series under such terms, including compensation, as the Series Members may approve.  If such approval for a replacement Managing Member or Asset Manager is not obtained, the Company, by a Company Majority Approval, shall appoint a Liquidator for the Company and each Series, and the Company and each Series shall dissolve and liquidate under Article XI. If the Series Members elect to continue the Company, each Series may elect, by a Majority Vote within sixty (60) days of the election to continue, to dissolve and sell its associated Artwork, with the replacement Managing Member acting as the Liquidator for such Series. If the Managing Member fails to call a meeting as required by this Article X, then any Series Member shall have the ability to demand a list of all Record Holders of the Company pursuant to Section 8.1(b) and to call a meeting at which such a vote shall be taken. The date the Managing Member and Asset Manager are removed is referred to herein as the “Removal Date.

   

 
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Section 10.2 Asset Manager. In the event of the removal and replacement of the Asset Manager, it shall be entitled to receive all fees and compensation that are due and payable under the Asset Management Agreement as of the Removal Date, and it shall pay all Operating and Offering Expenses that are due and payable as of the Removal Date. The replacement Asset Manager (including the Liquidator as described below) shall be entitled to all fees and compensation, and shall pay all Operating and Offering Expenses, which become due and payable following the Removal Date. The Asset Manager shall assist the replacement Asset Manager with the transition, including providing actual or copies of all books, records, documents or agreements relating to the Series in its possession or control.

  

Section 10.3 Managing Member and Liquidator

  

(a) If the Company is being continued and not liquidated following the removal of the Managing Member, the replacement Managing Member may, at its option, elect to acquire the Class A and B Shares in each Series held by the departing Managing Member and any aShareX Party for their fair market value based on the then current share price of the Class A Shares of such Series, taking into account the number of Class A Shares that the Managing Member would receive upon a conversion of the Class B Shares pursuant to the Conversion Formula. Such payment shall be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account of the Managing Member on the Transfer of such Class A and B Shares.

  

(b) Liquidation of the Company or a Series. In the event of a dissolution and liquidation of the Company or a Series under this Article X, the Liquidator appointed for such purpose pursuant to Section 10.1 shall proceed to sell the Artwork of the affected Series under commercially reasonable terms and at such time as will afford the Series to obtain favorable pricing under the circumstances, and distribute the Net Sales Proceeds among the Class A and B Shares of the Series in accordance with Section 11.3.  The Liquidator will thereafter attend to the liquidation of the Series and its associated SP. The Liquidator shall replace the Asset Manager as the replacement Asset Manager under the terms of the Asset Management Agreement as set forth in Section 10.2. 

  

Section 10.4 Survival. The indemnification and exculpation provisions of this Agreement and the Asset Management Agreement shall continue to survive the Removal Date.

 

ARTICLE XI

 

DISSOLUTION, TERMINATION AND LIQUIDATION

 

Section 11.1 Dissolution and Termination.

 

(a) The Company and each Series shall not be dissolved by the admission of Series Members or the withdrawal of a transferring Member following a Transfer associated with any Series. The Company shall dissolve, and its affairs shall be wound up, upon:

 

 
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(i) the sale, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets and properties of all Series (which shall include the obsolesce of the Series Assets) and the subsequent election to dissolve the Company by the Managing Member;

 

(ii) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act;

 

(iii) at any time that there are no Members of the Company, unless the business of the Company is continued in accordance with the Delaware Act; or

 

(iv) a vote by the Series Members to dissolve the Company following the for-cause removal of the Managing Member in accordance with Article X.

 

(b) Unless otherwise provided in the Series Designation, a Series shall terminate, and its affairs shall be wound up, upon:

 

(i) the dissolution of the Company pursuant to Section 11.1(a);

 

(ii) the sale, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets and properties of such Series for cash (which shall include the obsolesce of the Series Asset) and the subsequent election to dissolve the Series by the Managing Member (the termination of the Series pursuant to this sub-paragraph shall not require the consent of the Series Members);

  

(iii) an event set forth as an event of termination of such Series in the Series Designation establishing such Series; or

 

(iv) at any time that there are no Members of such Series, unless the business of such Series is continued in accordance with the Delaware Act.

 

(c) The dissolution of the Company or any Series pursuant to Section 18-801(a)(3) of the Delaware Act shall be strictly prohibited.

 

Section 11.2 Liquidator; Dissolution of the Company. Upon dissolution of the Company, the Managing Member shall select one or more Persons (which may be the Managing Member) to act as Liquidator. In the case of a dissolution of the Company, (i) the Liquidator shall be entitled to receive compensation for its services as Liquidator; (ii) the Liquidator shall agree not to resign at any time without 15 days’ prior notice to the Managing Member but may be removed at any time by the Managing Member; (iii) upon dissolution, death, incapacity, removal or resignation of the Liquidator, a successor and substitute Liquidator (who shall have and succeed to all rights, powers and duties of the original Liquidator) shall within 30 days be appointed by the Managing Member. The right to approve a successor or substitute Liquidator in the manner provided herein shall be deemed to refer also to any such successor or substitute Liquidator approved in the manner herein provided. Except as expressly provided in this Article XI, the Liquidator approved in the manner provided herein shall have and may exercise, without further authorization or consent of any of the parties hereto, all of the powers conferred upon the Managing Member under the terms of this Agreement (but subject to all of the applicable limitations, contractual and otherwise, upon the exercise of such powers) necessary or appropriate to carry out the duties and functions of the Liquidator hereunder for and during the period of time required to complete the winding up and liquidation of the Company as provided for herein. In the case of a termination of a Series, other than in connection with a dissolution of the Company, the Asset Manager shall act as Liquidator.

  

 
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Section 11.3 Liquidation of a Series. In connection with the liquidation of a Series, whether as a result of the dissolution of the Company or the termination of such Series, the Liquidator shall proceed to dispose of the assets of such Series, discharge its liabilities, dissolve and liquidate the associated SP, and otherwise wind up its affairs in such manner and over such period as determined by the Liquidator, subject to Sections 18-215 and 18-804 of the Delaware Act, the terms of any Series Designation and the following:

  

(a) Subject to Section 11.3(c), the assets may be disposed of by auction or private sale on such commercially reasonable terms as the Liquidator may determine. The Liquidator may defer a sale for a reasonable time if it determines that an immediate sale of the Artwork would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Members associated with such Series. Following the sale of the Artwork, the Liquidator shall proceed to liquidate the Series and its associated SP.

  

(b) Liabilities of each Series include amounts owed to the Liquidator as compensation for serving in such capacity under the Asset Management Agreement (subject to the terms of Section 11.2) as well as any outstanding Extraordinary Loans or unpaid Extraordinary Expenses. With respect to any liability that is contingent, conditional or unmatured or is otherwise not yet due and payable, the Liquidator shall either settle such claim for such amount as it thinks appropriate or establish a reserve to provide for its payment. When paid, any unused portion of the reserve shall be applied to other liabilities or distributed as additional liquidation proceeds.

  

(c) Subject to the terms of any Series Designation (including, without limitation, the preferential rights, if any, of holders of any other class of Class A Shares of the applicable Series), all Net Sales Proceeds shall be distributed (i) to the Record Holders of the Class B Shares to the extent of the Valuation Appreciation of the Artwork associated with the Series multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the outstanding Class B Shares and the denominator of which is 1,000, and (ii) the remaining Net Sales Proceeds and any other cash distributions shall be distributed to the Record Holders of the Class A Shares, in proportion to their Class A Shares.

 

Section 11.4 Cancellation of Certificate of Formation. In the case of a dissolution of the Company, upon the completion of the distribution of all Net Sales Proceeds in connection with the termination of all Series (other than the reservation of amounts for payments in respect of the satisfaction of liabilities of the Company or any Series), the Certificate of Formation and all qualifications of the Company as a foreign limited liability company in jurisdictions other than the State of Delaware shall be canceled and such other actions as may be necessary to terminate the Company shall be taken by the Liquidator or the Managing Member, as applicable.

  

 
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Section 11.5 Return of Contributions; Negative Capital Account Balances. None of the Members, the Managing Member or any other aShareX Party will be personally liable for, or have any obligation to contribute or loan any monies or property to the Company or any Series to enable it to effectuate, the return of the Capital Contributions of the Series Members associated with a Series, or any portion thereof, it being expressly understood that any such return shall be made solely from the associated Series Assets. No Member shall be required to restore a negative balance in its Capital Account in the Company or in any Series in which it is a Series Member upon the dissolution and liquidation of the Company or such Series.

  

Section 11.6 Waiver of Partition. To the maximum extent permitted by law, each Member hereby waives any right to partition of the Company or Series Assets.

 

ARTICLE XII

 

AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT, SERIES DESIGNATION

 

Section 12.1 General. Except as provided in Section 12.2, the Managing Member may amend any of the terms of this Agreement or any Series Designation as it determines in its sole discretion and without the consent of any of the Series Members. Without limiting the foregoing, the Managing Member, without the approval of any Series Member, may amend any provision of this Agreement or any Series Designation, and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect:

 

(a) a change that the Managing Member determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with any action taken or to be taken by the Managing Member pursuant to the authority granted in Article V hereof;

 

(b) a change in the name of the Company or Series, the location of the principal place of business of the Company or Series, the registered agent of the Company or the registered office of the Company;

 

(c) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Members in accordance with this Agreement and any Series Designation;

 

(d) a change that the Managing Member determines to be necessary or appropriate to qualify or continue the qualification of the Company as a limited liability company under the laws of any state or to ensure that the Company and each Series will continue to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

 

(e) a change that the Managing Member determines to be necessary or appropriate to satisfy any requirements, conditions or guidelines contained in any opinion, directive, order, ruling or regulation of any federal or state agency or judicial authority or contained in any federal or state statute (including the Delaware Act);

 

(f) a change that the Managing Member determines to be necessary, desirable or appropriate to facilitate the trading of the Class A Shares (including, without limitation, the division of any class or classes or series of Outstanding Class A Shares into different classes or series to facilitate uniformity of tax consequences within such classes or series) or comply with any rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any National Securities Exchange or over-the-counter market on which Class A Shares are or will be listed for trading, compliance with any of which the Managing Member deems to be in the best interests of the Company and the Members;

  

 
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(g) a change that is required to effect the intent expressed in any Offering Document or the intent of the provisions of this Agreement or any Series Designation or is otherwise contemplated by this Agreement or any Series Designation;

 

(h) an amendment that the Managing Member determines, based on the advice of counsel, to be necessary or appropriate to prevent the Company, the Managing Member, any officers or any agents of the Company from in any manner being subjected to the provisions of the Investment Company Act, the Investment Advisers Act, or plan asset regulations adopted under ERISA, regardless of whether such are substantially similar to plan asset regulations currently applied or proposed by the United States Department of Labor;

  

(i) an amendment that the Managing Member determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the establishment or creation of additional Series pursuant to Section 3.3 or the authorization, establishment, creation or issuance of any class or series of Class A Shares of any Series pursuant to Section 3.4 and the admission of Additional Series Members;

 

(j) any other amendment other than an amendment expressly requiring consent of the Series Members as set forth in Section 12.2; and

 

(k) any other amendments substantially similar to the foregoing.

 

Section 12.2 Certain Amendments to this Agreement.

 

(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 12.1, no amendment to this Agreement affecting all Series shall be made without a Company Majority Approval of the Members, if it would materially and adversely affect the rights or obligations of the Series Members (including disproportionately affecting the holders of any particular Series of Class A Shares as compared to holders of any other Series of Class A Shares).

  

(b) To the extent a proposed amendment to this Agreement or a Series Designation only affects a Series or more than one Series, but not all Series, such amendment shall not be made as to the affected Series without a Majority Vote by each such affected Series if such amendment materially and adversely affects the rights or obligations of any of the Series Members (including disproportionately affecting the rights of a holder of a Class A Share in such Series as compared to holders of other Class A Shares in such Series).

 

(c) For the avoidance of doubt, any amendment that would permit a Series to engage in any business activity not related to the ownership, holding for appreciation or disposition of the Artwork or which would modify (i) Section 11.1(a) or give any Person the right to dissolve the Company or Series, (ii) the rights or obligations of the Class B Shares of a Series in a manner that is materially adverse to the Series Members, (iii) the distribution rights of the Series Members, (iv) the rights of the Series Members to approve a sale of the Artwork prior to the eighth year following its Acquisition Date, or to request a sale of the Artwork during the sixth and seventh years following the Acquisition Date, (v) the obligation of the Managing Member to sell the Artwork associated with a Series during the eighth year following the Acquisition Date (subject to the Managing Member’s right to defer such sale for up to one year if, in its reasonable determination, a deferred sale will produce materially better pricing), or (vi) the Members’ voting rights under this Section 12.2, will be conclusively viewed as being materially adverse to the affected Series and its Series Members.

  

 
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(d) No amendments may be made to the Asset Management Agreement for a Series if such amendment would materially increase the rights of the Asset Manager, including by increasing its fees or compensation, or materially increase the obligations of the associated Series or its SP, unless such amendment is approved by a Majority Vote of the affected Series.

  

Section 12.3 Amendment Approval Process. If the Managing Member desires to amend any provision of this Agreement or any Series Designation, other than as permitted by Section 12.1, then it shall first adopt a resolution setting forth the amendment proposed, declaring its advisability, and then call a meeting of the Members entitled to vote in respect thereof for the consideration of such amendment. Amendments to this Agreement or any Series Designation may be proposed only by or with the consent of the Managing Member. Such meeting shall be called and held upon notice in accordance with Article XIII of this Agreement. The notice shall set forth such amendment in full or a brief summary of the changes to be effected thereby, as the Managing Member shall deem advisable. At the meeting, a vote of Members entitled to vote thereon shall be taken for and against the proposed amendment. A proposed amendment shall be effective upon its approval by a Company Majority Approval or a Majority Vote, as applicable, unless a greater percentage is required under this Agreement or by Delaware law. The Company shall deliver to each Member prompt notice of the adoption of every amendment made to this Agreement or any Series Designation pursuant to this Article XII.

  

Section 12.4 Self-Imposed Limitation on Voting Rights. A Class A Member may irrevocably limit or eliminate its voting rights as to specific Class A Shares by providing an irrevocable certification to the Managing Member. In the event a Class A Member does so, the affected Class A Shares shall no longer have any voting rights for so long as such shares are Beneficially Owned by such Class A Member or its Affiliates. Any Class A Member that irrevocably eliminates its voting rights or limits its voting rights with respect to a Series such that under no circumstances would such Class A Member, together with its Affiliates, have the right to cast more than 10% of the total votes in any matter put to a vote of the Class A Members of such Series, shall not be named or have its address or ownership reported in the Company’s ongoing SEC filings, including the beneficial ownership table in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 1-K, unless such Person is otherwise deemed to be an “affiliate” of the Company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. The determination of affiliate status for such purposes shall be made by the Managing Member in its sole and absolute discretion and the Company or its Transfer Agent may require any Class A Member that owns more than 10% of the Class A Shares in a Series to provide a legal opinion and or other information it deems necessary or appropriate to determine such Person’s affiliate status.

  

Section 12.5 Matters Reserved to the Managing Member. For the avoidance of doubt, and subject to the contrary terms of the Delaware Act, the Managing Member will have sole voting power over all matters not reserved to the approval of the Series Members as set forth in this Agreement.

 

 
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ARTICLE XIII

 

MEMBER MEETINGS

 

Section 13.1 Meetings. The Company shall not be required to hold an annual meeting of the Series Members. The Managing Member may, whenever it thinks fit, convene meetings of the Company or any Series; provided it must conduct a meeting of the Series Members of a Series during the sixth and seventh years following the Acquisition Date of the Artwork associated with such Series to vote on the sale or disposition of the Artwork. The Managing Member may call a meeting of the Series Members to consider a sale of the associated Artwork prior to the fifth anniversary of the Acquisition Date if it receives a compelling offer to purchase the Artwork from a Person who is not an Affiliate of an aShareX Entity, or if it determines that the time is opportune to sell the Artwork, in each case in its sole determination. The non-receipt by any Member of a notice convening a meeting shall not invalidate the proceedings at that meeting. The meetings of Series Members may be conducted by video or telephonic communication and voting may be conducted through the Investor Platform. The Company or Series, as applicable, shall provide the Series Members entitled to vote on the matter in question with not less than five (5) nor more than sixty (60) days prior notice of the meeting and the matter to be discussed. At any meeting or on any matter that is to be voted on or consented to by holders of Voting Shares, the then Record Holders may vote in person or by proxy, and such vote may be made, and a proxy may be granted in writing, by means of electronic transmission on the Investor Platform or as otherwise permitted by applicable law. Only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of the Series Members as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting, unless the Series Members by a Company Majority Approval or Majority Vote, as is applicable, consent otherwise. Any designee of the Managing Member shall preside as chairman of any meeting of the Company or any Series.

  

Section 13.2 Quorum. No business shall be transacted at any meeting unless a quorum of Members is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business. In respect of meetings of the Company, Members holding Voting Shares that, if voted for approval of the matter in question, would constitute a 50% Approval Percentage, and in respect of meetings of any Series, Members holding 50% of the Series’ Voting Shares, present in person or by proxy, shall be a quorum for the meeting by the Company or Series, as is applicable. In the event a meeting is not quorate, the Managing Member may adjourn or cancel the meeting, as it determines in its sole discretion. With regard to any subsequently called meeting to discuss the matter sought to be addressed in the adjourned or cancelled meeting, in the case of a Company meeting, Series Members holding Voting Shares that, if voted for approval of the matter in question, would constitute a 25% Approval Percentage, and in the case of a Series meeting, Series Members holding 25% of the Voting Shares of such Series, shall be sufficient to constitute a quorum for the purpose of conducting business of the Company or Series, as is applicable, at such subsequently called meeting.

  

Section 13.3 Voting. Each Voting Share of a Series shall be entitled to and shall constitute one (1) vote on the matter to be decided by the Series. Except as otherwise set forth in this Agreement, the Voting Shares of a Series shall vote together as a single class on all matters submitted for approval of the Series Members.

  

 
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Section 13.4 Record Date. For purposes of determining the Series Members entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of the Company or the Series, the Managing Member may set a Record Date, which shall not be less than five nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting. If no Record Date is fixed by the Managing Member, the Record Date shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given. A determination of Members of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of Members shall apply to any adjournment or postponement of the meeting; provided, however, that the Managing Member may fix a new Record Date for the adjourned or postponed meeting.

  

Section 13.5 Managing Member Approval. Other than as provided for in Article X, the submission of any action of the Company or a Series to Members for their consideration shall first be approved by the Managing Member; provided that the Managing Member must call a meeting of Series Members in the sixth and seventh years following the Acquisition Date of the associated Artwork to vote on its sale or disposition. The Managing Member shall have full power and authority concerning the manner of conducting any meeting of the Series Members, including the determination of Persons entitled to vote, the existence of a quorum, the satisfaction of the requirements of this Article 13, the conduct of voting, the validity and effect of any proxies and the determination of any controversies, votes or challenges arising in connection with or during the meeting or voting. The Managing Member shall designate a Person to take the minutes of any meeting. All minutes shall be kept with the records of the Company.

 

Section 13.6 Action By Members without a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Record Holders of the Class A Shares of a Series may be taken without a meeting by the written consent of such Record Holders entitled to cast a sufficient number of votes to approve the matter as required by statute or this Agreement, as the case may be.

  

Section 13.8 aShareX Party Votes. Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the Managing Member and any of the aShareX Parties who hold any Class A Shares shall not be entitled to vote in their capacity as a holder of such Class A Shares on matters submitted to the Series Members for approval, and no such Class A Shares shall be deemed Outstanding for purposes of any such vote; provided that such exception shall not apply to any vote by Series Members to approve the sale or disposition of the Artwork associated with such Series.

  

ARTICLE XIV

 

CONFIDENTIALITY

 

Section 14.1 Confidentiality Obligations. All information contained in the accounts and reports prepared in accordance with Article VIII and any other information disclosed to a Series Member under or in connection with this Agreement are confidential and non-public and each Series Member undertakes to treat that information as confidential  and to hold it in confidence. No Series Member shall, and each Series Member shall ensure that every Person connected with or associated with that Series Member shall not, disclose to any Person or use to the detriment of any Company Group Member, any Series Member or any Series Assets any confidential information which may have come to its knowledge concerning the affairs of any Company Group Member, Series Member or actual or potential Series Asset.  Each Series Member shall use any such confidential information exclusively for the purposes of monitoring and evaluating its investment in the Series. This Section 14.1 is subject to Section 14.2 and Section 14.3.

  

 
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Section 14.2 Exempted information. The obligations set out in Section 14.1 shall not apply to any information which:

 

(a) is public knowledge and readily publicly accessible as of the date of such disclosure;

 

(b) becomes public knowledge and readily publicly accessible, other than as a result of a breach of this Article XIV by any Person; or

  

(c) has been publicly filed with the SEC.

  

Section 14.3 Permitted Disclosures. The restrictions on disclosing confidential information set out in Section 14.1 shall not apply to the disclosure of confidential information by a Series Member:

 

(a) to any Person, with the prior written consent of the Managing Member (which may be given or withheld in the Managing Member’s sole discretion);

 

(b) if required by law, rule or regulation applicable to the Series Member (including without limitation disclosure of the tax treatment or consequences thereof), or by any Governmental Entity having jurisdiction over the Series Member, or if requested by any Governmental Entity having jurisdiction over the Series Member, but in each case only if the Series Member (unless restricted by any relevant law or Governmental Entity): (i) provides the Managing Member with reasonable advance notice of any such required disclosure; (ii) consults with the Managing Member prior to making any disclosure, including in respect of the reasons for and content of the required disclosure; and (iii) takes all reasonable steps permitted by law that are requested by the Managing Member to prevent the disclosure of confidential information (including (A) using reasonable endeavors to oppose and prevent the requested disclosure and (B) returning to the Managing Member any confidential information held by the Series Member or any Person to whom the Series Member has disclosed that confidential information in accordance with this Section); or

  

(c) to its officers, directors, employees, legal advisers, accountants, investment managers, investment advisers and other professional consultants who would customarily have access to such information in the normal course of performing their duties, but subject to the condition that each such Person is bound either by professional duties of confidentiality or by an obligation of confidentiality in respect of the use and dissemination of the information no less onerous than this Article XIV.

  

 
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ARTICLE XV

 

GENERAL PROVISIONS

 

Section 15.1 Addresses and Notices.

 

(a) Any notice to be served in connection with this Agreement shall be served in writing (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include e-mail) and any notice or other correspondence under or in connection with this Agreement shall be delivered to the relevant party at the address given on the Investor Platform or in a Series Member’s Form of Adherence, or to such other address as may be notified in writing for the purposes of this Agreement to the party serving the document and that appears in the books and records of the relevant Series, including the Investor Platform. The Company intends to make transmissions by electronic means to ensure prompt receipt and may also publish notices or reports on a secure electronic application pursuant to the Investor Platform to which all Members have access, and any such publication shall constitute a valid method of serving notices under this Agreement.

  

(b) Any notice or correspondence shall be deemed to have been served as follows:

 

(i) in the case of hand delivery, on the date of delivery if delivered before 5:00 p.m. pst on a Business Day and otherwise at 9:00 a.m. pst on the first Business Day following delivery;

  

(ii) in the case of service by overnight courier, on the first Business Day after the day on which it was posted to the courier service (three Business Days if the delivery is international);

 

(iii) in the case of email (subject to oral or electronic confirmation of receipt of the email in its entirety), on the date of transmission if transmitted before 5:00 p.m. pst on a Business Day and otherwise at 9:00 a.m. pst on the first Business Day following transmission; and

  

(iv) in the case of notices published on the Investor Platform, on the date of publication if published before 5:00 p.m. pst on a Business Day and otherwise at 9:00 a.m. pst on the first Business Day following publication.

  

(c) In proving service (other than service by e-mail), it shall be sufficient to prove that the notice or correspondence was properly addressed and left at or posted to the place to which it was so addressed.

 

(d) Any notice to the Company (including any Series) shall be deemed given if received by the Managing Member at the principal office of the Company designated pursuant to Section 2.3. The Managing Member may rely and shall be protected in relying on any notice or other document from a Series Member or other Person if believed by it to be genuine.

 

Section 15.2 Further Action. The parties to this Agreement shall execute and deliver all documents, provide all information and take or refrain from taking action as may be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this Agreement.

 

Section 15.3 Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their heirs, executors, administrators, successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns.

 

Section 15.4 Integration. This Agreement, together with the applicable Form of Adherence for each Member, the Asset Management Agreement and any applicable Series Designation, constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.

  

 
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Section 15.5 Creditors. None of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of, or shall be enforceable by, any creditor of the Company or any Series.

 

Section 15.6 Waiver. No failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof shall constitute waiver of any such breach of any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.

 

Section 15.7 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, all of which together shall constitute an agreement binding on all the parties hereto, notwithstanding that all such parties are not signatories to the original or the same counterpart. Each party shall become bound by this Agreement immediately upon affixing its signature hereto (which signature may be provided electronically) or, in the case of a Person acquiring a Class A Share, upon acceptance of its executed Form of Adherence.

  

Section 15.8 Applicable Law and Jurisdiction.

 

(a) This Agreement and the rights of the parties shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. Non-contractual obligations (if any) arising out of or in connection with this Agreement (including its formation) shall also be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware. The rights and liabilities of the Members in the Company and each Series and as between them shall be determined pursuant to the Delaware Act and this Agreement. To the extent the rights or obligations of any Member are different by reason of any provision of this Agreement than they would otherwise be under the Delaware Act in the absence of any such provision, or even if this Agreement is inconsistent with the Delaware Act, this Agreement shall control, except to the extent the Delaware Act prohibits any particular provision of the Delaware Act to be waived or modified by the Members, in which event any contrary provisions hereof shall be valid to the maximum extent permitted under the Delaware Act.

 

(b) To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any suit, action or proceeding seeking to enforce any provision of, or based on any matter arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, or the transactions contemplated hereby shall be brought in Chancery Court in the State of Delaware and each Member hereby consents to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Chancery Court in the State of Delaware (and of the appropriate appellate courts therefrom) in any suit, action or proceeding, and irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding in any such court or that any such suit, action or proceeding which is brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Member hereby waives the right to commence an action, suit or proceeding seeking to enforce any provisions of, or based on any matter arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement, or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, in any court outside of the Chancery Court in the State of Delaware except to the extent otherwise explicitly provided herein. The provisions of this Section 15.8(b) shall not be applicable to an action, suit or proceeding to the extent it pertains to a matter as to which the claims are exclusively vested in the jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or if the Chancery Court in the State of Delaware does not have jurisdiction over such matter. The Company acknowledges for the avoidance of doubt that this Section 15.8(b) shall not apply to claims arising under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and by agreeing to the provisions of this Section 15.8(b), each Member will not be deemed to have waived compliance with U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

  

 
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(c) Process in any suit, action or proceeding may be served on any party anywhere in the world, whether within or without the jurisdiction of any court. Without limiting the foregoing, each party agrees that service of process on such party by written notice pursuant to Section 11.1 will be deemed effective service of process on such party.

 

(d) TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EVERY PARTY TO THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY OTHER PERSON WHO BECOMES A MEMBER OR HAS RIGHTS AS AN ASSIGNEE OF ANY PORTION OF ANY MEMBER’S CLASS A SHARE HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL AS TO ANY MATTER UNDER THIS AGREEMENT OR IN ANY OTHER WAY RELATING TO THE COMPANY, ANY SERIES OR THE RELATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT OR OTHERWISE AS TO THE COMPANY AND EACH SERIES, ON THE ONE HAND, AND SUCH PARTIES  OR  PERSONS, ON THE OTHER HAND. NOTWITHSTANDING THE ABOVE, THE FOREGOING WAIVER OF THE RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL DOES NOT APPLY TO CLAIMS ARISING UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND THE EXCHANGE ACT.

  

Section 15.9 Invalidity of Provisions. If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not be affected thereby.

 

Section 15.10 Consent of Members. Each Member hereby expressly consents and agrees that, whenever in this Agreement it is specified that an action may be taken upon the affirmative vote or consent of less than all of the Members, such action may be so taken upon the concurrence of less than all of the Members and each Member shall be bound by the results of such action.

 

 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as of the date first written above.

 

  MANAGING MEMBER

 

 

 

 

ASHAREX HOLDINGS, LLC

 

       
By: aShareX, Inc. its sole member

 

 

 
  By: /s/ Alan Snyder   
    Alan Snyder, Chairman and  

 

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

  

  COMPANY

 

 

 

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

 

       
By: aShareX Holdings, LLC,

 

 

its Managing Member  
     
  By: /s/ Alan Snyder  

 

 

Alan Snyder, Chairman and

 

 

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

  

 
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EXHIBIT 3.1

 

STANDARD FORM

OF

SERIES DESIGNATION

 

aShareX Fine Art Series __, a Series of aShareX Fine Art, LLC

 

In accordance with the Limited Liability Company Agreement of aShareX Fine Art, LLC, a Delaware series limited liability company (the “Company”), dated January 13, 2023 (the “Agreement”), and upon the execution of this Series Designation by the Company and aShareX Holdings, LLC, in its capacity as Managing Member of the Company and of the Series established pursuant to this Series Designation, this Series Designation shall be attached to, and deemed incorporated in its entirety into, the Agreement as Exhibit ___. References herein to capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein and to Sections and Articles are references to capitalized terms, Sections and Articles in the Agreement, as in effect as of the Effective Date (as defined below).

 

 

Name of Series

 

aShareX Fine Art Series ___, a series of the Company (the “Series”)

 

 

Effective Date of Establishment

 

__________________________(the “Effective Date”)

 

 

Managing Member

 

 

aShareX Holdings, LLC is appointed as the Managing Member of the Series as of the Effective Date and shall continue to act as the Managing Member of Series until its dissolution pursuant to Section 11.1(b) or its removal and replacement pursuant to Article X. The Managing Member is the initial member of the Series holding 1,000 Class B Shares.

 

 

Securities Issued

 

The Series will have two classes of equity: Class A Shares and Class B Shares. The Class A Shares will be issued to the Investors following the Initial Closing and, if applicable, a Subsequent Closing. They will have the same rights and privileges.

 

The Class B Shares equate in value to 10% of the Artwork’s appreciation in value over its Purchase Price. If there is no increase in the value of the Artwork from its Purchase Price, the Class B Shares will have no value and the entire amount of Net Sales Proceeds received upon the sale of the Artwork will be distributed solely to the Class A Members.

 

The Class B Shares are convertible into the Class A Shares prior to the sale of the Artwork pursuant to the Conversion Formula set forth in the Agreement. The Class A Shares issued to the Managing Member in such conversion, assuming conversion of all of the Class B Shares, are intended to approximate 10% of the appreciation between the current market price of the Class A Shares at the time of conversion and their aggregate Offering Price.

 

 
1
 

 

 

Series Asset

 

Upon the Closing of the Initial Offering of the Class A Shares of the Series, the Series will use the proceeds to acquire the artwork entitled ____________________ by ________________(the “Artwork”). Title to the Artwork will be held by aShareX Fine Art Series ___, SP, a segregated portfolio of aShareX Fine Art, SPC, a Cayman Island segregated portfolio company. The SP will be wholly owned by the Series.

 

 

Asset Manager

 

aShareX Management, LLC

 

 

Asset Manager Fee

 

As stated in Section 5.9(c), including a Sourcing Fee equal to 4% of the Purchase Price of the Artwork

 

 

Purpose of Series

 

As stated in Section 2.4, to acquire, hold and dispose of the Series Assets

 

 

Number of Class A Shares

 

Subject to Section 3.4(c), the maximum number of the Series Class A Shares that can be issued will equal the Acquisition Cost of the Artwork divided by the Offering Price of the Class A Shares in the Initial Closing

 

 

 

Broker of Record

 

 

Dalmore Group, LLC

 

 

Brokerage Fee

 

 

1.00% of the purchase price for the Class A Shares sold at the Initial Offering of the Series, payable by the Managing Member from its assets

 

 

Voting

 

 

The holders of the Class A Shares shall approve the sale of the Artwork as set forth in Section 5.3 and shall approve amendments to the Agreement and Series Designation to the extent provided in Article XII.

 

 
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Distributions

 

 

It is not expected that the Series will generate material revenues or profits until the Artwork is sold. At such time, the Net Sales Proceeds will be distributed (i) to the Managing Member in payment of the Class B Shares to the extent of 10% of the Artwork’s appreciation in value over its Purchase Price, and (ii) the balance of the proceeds will be distributed to the Class A Members in proportion to their Class A Shares in the Series. If there is no appreciation in value of the Artwork because the proceeds from the sale are less than its Purchase Price, the Class B Shares will not receive any distributions and they will all be paid to the Class A Members.

 

 

 

Other Rights

 

 

Holders of Class A Shares shall have no conversion, exchange, sinking fund, redemption or appraisal rights and they have limited preemptive rights to subscribe for Series Class A Shares issued in a Subsequent Offering to raise capital to pay for loans funded to pay Extraordinary Expenses

 

 

Transfer Restrictions

 

 

The Class A Shares may only be transferred by operation of law, with the consent of the Managing Member or:

 

• To an immediate family member or an affiliate of the transferor,

 

 

• To a trust or other entity for estate or tax planning purposes if the transferor maintains control of the trust or entity,

 

 

• As a charitable gift,

 

 

• On the Trading Platform.

 

 

In each case the transfer must be reported to the Transfer Agent and Managing Member and the transferee must pass KYC/AML screening tests and agree to be bound by the terms of the Agreement.

 

A holder may pledge its Class A Shares as collateral for a loan, provided that the lien is extinguished prior to the transfer of the shares, and the pledgor and lender agree that, if there is a foreclosure on the lien, the lender will notify the Managing Member and Transfer Agent of the transfer, register the lender (or other transferee) on the Investor Platform and execute the documentation required of any transferee.

 

 
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Minimum and Maximum Investment

 

 

The minimum investment is $5,000.

 

Benefit Plan Investors may not acquire in the aggregate more than 24.9% of the Class A Shares in any Series. Investors that are not “accredited investors” as such term is defined under Rule 501(a) of Regulation D may not acquire Class A Shares in an Offering that would result in their investment in the Company exceeding 10% of the greater of the individual’s annual income or net worth, or in the case of an entity, 10% of its net income or net worth, in each case as certified by the Investor in its Auction and Subscription Agreements. Investors may have investment limitations certified to them by the Managing Member based on their income, net worth and/or liquidity.

 

An Investor who purchases 10% or more of the Class A Shares in an Offering (i) will be subject to certain disclosure requirements in the Company’s SEC filings, and (ii) if it is subject to U.S. taxation, the gain recognized on the sale of the associated Artwork will likely be treated as ordinary income.

 

 

Termination and Liquidation

 

 

As stated in Sections 11.1(b) and 11.3

 

 

 
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EXHIBIT 4.1

 

FORM OF

 AUCTION AGREEMENT

aShareX Fine Art, LLC

Attention: Eric Arinsburg, CFO

Email: eric@asharex.com

 

This Auction Agreement (“Agreement”) is made as of the date set forth below by and between the undersigned (“Bidder” or “you”) and aShareX Fine Art, LLC, a Delaware series limited liability company (the “Company” or “we” or “us” or “our”).  By executing this Agreement, you are participating in an auction (the “Auction”) to be held at the place, time and date listed in the Annex A.  You will participate by utilizing the proprietary Auction Platform licensed to the Company by aShareX, Inc.  If you submit a winning bid for the Artwork, you agree to purchase Class A Shares (the “Shares”) to be issued to you in the Series we have formed and which is identified in the Annex A (the “Series”) upon the closing (the “Closing”) of the Offering for the shares.  You will be so notified by the Company (by email and through the Investor Platform through which you are a registered user) and such notification will advise you of (i) the amount you are required to fund (this amount will have been indicated on your auction screen upon submitting the winning bid, subject to minor adjustment to avoid the issuance of fractional shares), and (ii) the number of Shares you are purchasing. 

  

PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING CLOSELY AS THESE TERMS ARE BINDING ON YOU

 

1. Review of Documentation. You agree that you have reviewed the Company’s Auction Rules and its form of Subscription Agreement, both available on the Investor Platform as of the date of this Agreement, and that, if you submit a winning bid, you agree to (i) execute a Subscription Agreement in substantially the same form as on the Investor Platform to subscribe for and purchase the Shares, and (ii) fund the purchase price for the Shares within five days of receiving the notice. You are not entitled to any Shares until you have completed these steps. Please read the Subscription Agreement carefully as it contains representations, warranties and covenants that will become legally binding on you should you submit a winning bid by virtue of incorporating those provisions by reference in this Agreement. Your obligations hereunder are irrevocable should you submit a winning bid and the Company accepts your Subscription Agreement and if you fail to comply with such obligations, the Company may exercise any and all available legal or equitable remedies available to it to recover damages for your breach and may institute arbitration proceedings pursuant to Section 5 below.

  

2. Description of Offering. The Offering is described in the Offering Circular that is available through the Investor Platform, as well as on the SEC EDGAR website at www.sec.gov. You confirm that you have read the Offering Circular, the Company’s Offering Statement and the exhibits attached thereto, including the Company’s Limited Liability Company Agreement and the Series Designation for the Series (together, the “Operating Agreement”), and that upon the execution of your Subscription Agreement and the performance of your obligations thereunder, you will become a member of the Company upon the Closing of the Offering and will be bound by the terms of the Operating Agreement. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Agreement have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Operating Agreement.

 

3. Binding Obligations. Your bid will become irrevocable and binding at the time of the Auction. No bid will become binding unless or until an Offering Statement is qualified pursuant to Regulation A with the SEC. In certain circumstances, we may be required to submit an amendment to our Offering Statement for qualification with the SEC before we may accept subscriptions for Shares. In such circumstances, any winning bid you submit will only be binding to the extent we obtain such further qualification. We have the right to reject or cancel your subscription, in whole or in part, whether or not we consummate the Offering. If we reject or cancel your subscription, we will refund to you amounts paid relating to such portion of the subscription that is rejected or cancelled, without interest. We will deduct third party processing fees, if any, from amounts refunded.

  

4. Representations, Warranties and Covenants. In addition to the foregoing, you represent, warrant and covenant as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing of the Offering should it occur that:

 

a. You are a “qualified purchaser” as defined in Regulation A under the Securities Act (a “Qualified Purchaser”) by confirming either:

 

 

·

You are an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Rule 501 of Regulation D under the Securities Act and as described in detail in the Offering Circular (an “Accredited Investor”); or

 

 

 

 

·

The amount of your winning bid, together with any other amounts used to purchase other Class A Shares and any other equity interests in any other Series of the Company, does not exceed 10% of the greater of your annual income or net worth (excluding your primary residence and automobiles), in the case of natural persons, or 10% of the greater of your annual revenue or net assets at fiscal year-end (for non-natural persons).

 

 
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b. If you submit a winning bid, you can and will make each of the representations and warranties contained in Section 3 of the Subscription Agreement related to your subscription for the Shares, including those relating to investment intent and the Patriot Act, Anti-Money Laundering and OFAC.

 

c. You have had an opportunity to discuss the Artwork and the Series’ financial affairs with the Managing Member and to ask questions and receive answers regarding the terms and conditions of your potential investment. You acknowledge that you are making an investment decision based on the information in the Offering Circular, and except as set forth in the Offering Circular and herein, no representations or warranties have been made to you, or to your advisors or representatives, by the Company or others with respect to the business or prospects of the Series or its financial condition.

 

d. You agree to provide any additional documentation the Company may reasonably request, including documentation to allow the Company to form a reasonable basis that you qualify as an Accredited Investor or otherwise as a Qualified Purchaser (as those terms are defined above), or as may be required by the securities administrators or regulators of any state, to confirm that the you meet any applicable minimum financial suitability standards and have satisfied any applicable maximum investment limits.

 

e. You agree not to bid more than the spending or bidding limit established for you by the Company or in the case you are not an Accredited Investor, the Qualified Purchaser net income and net worth limitations set forth above. If you are a Benefit Plan Investor, you, together with all other Benefit Plan Investors, cannot own, or be deemed to beneficially own, 24.9% or more of the Shares in the Series.

 

5. Survival; Indemnification. All representations, warranties and covenants contained in this Agreement and the indemnification contained herein shall survive (a) the acceptance of this Agreement by the Company, (b) changes in the transactions, documents and instruments described herein which are not material or which are to your benefit, and (c) your death or disability. You hereby agree to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company, the Series and Managing Member and their respective officers, directors, employees, direct and beneficial owners and their successors and assigns, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, expenses (including attorneys’ fees and disbursements), judgments or amounts paid in settlement of actions arising out of or resulting from the untruth of any representation or warranty made by you herein or the breach of any representation, warranty or covenant herein made by you.

  

6. Incorporation of Subscription Agreement Provisions. Sections 11, 12 and 13 of the Subscription Agreement providing for, among other matters, the arbitration of disputes, waiver of jury trials, limitations on damages, governing law, notices and other material provisions are made a part of this Agreement and incorporated herein by this reference mutatis mutates. Please read these provisions carefully as they are legally binding on you. This Agreement and terms of the Subscription Agreement incorporated herein by reference constitute the entire agreement among the parties concerning the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior or contemporaneous agreements or understandings.

  

 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Bidder or its duly authorized representative has electronically executed and delivered this Auction Agreement by clicking “I Agree” above and acknowledge that all of the information contained herein and in the Investor Platform regarding the Bidder is true and correct.

                 

                SIGNATURE:

                 

[By clicking “I Agree”, I, the Subscriber, have read and understand the foregoing terms and have executed this Agreement intending to be legally bound.]

 

(Signature of Bidder or authorized officer)

 

 

ACCEPTED AND AGREED TO:  

                                 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC           

                 

By:                         

Name:                   

Title:       Chief Executive Officer    

 

 
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ANNEX A

 

Title of Artwork

 

Artist

 

Series: aShareX Fine Art Series ____________

 

Location, Date and Time of Auction

 

 
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EXHIBIT 4.2

 

FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT

 

ASHAREX FINE ART FUND, LLC

10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150

Los Angeles, CA 90024

Attention: Eric Arinsburg, CFO

 

This Subscription Agreement (“Agreement”) is made as of the date set forth below by and between the undersigned (“Subscriber” or “you”) and aShareX Fine Art, LLC, a Delaware series limited liability company (the “Company” or “we” or “us” or “our”). By submitting a Winning Bid at the Auction to purchase a fractionalized interest in the artwork identified on the Annex A attached hereto (the “Artwork”), you agreed, pursuant to your Auction Agreement between you and the Company, to acquire membership interests in the Company equivalent in value to your Winning Bid. The membership interests are represented by Class A shares (the “Shares”) of aShareX Fine Art Series __ (the “Series”), a series established by the Company to acquire the Artwork. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Company’s Offering Circular dated as of the date of its qualification by the SEC, as supplemented from time to time (the “Offering Circular”).

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Auction Agreement between you and the Company, you made certain representations, covenants and agreements with respect to the offering (the “Offering”) of the Shares as described in the Company’s Offering Circular. By executing this Agreement you reconfirm these same representations, warranties and representations and confirm additional ones specific to your acquisition of the Shares.

 

1. Subscription and Purchase of Shares.

 

a. Irrevocable Subscription. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, Subscriber irrevocably subscribes for and agrees to purchase from the Company the number of Shares set forth on the signature page to this Agreement at a purchase price of $[____] per Share for the total amount set forth on the signature page (the “Purchase Price”). Please note that the Shares subject to purchase have been rounded up or down to the nearest whole Share.

 

b. Rejection. We have the right to reject or cancel your subscription, in whole or in part, whether or not we consummate the Offering. If we reject or cancel your subscription, we will refund to you amounts paid relating to such portion of the subscription that is rejected or cancelled, without interest. We will deduct third party processing fees, if any, from amounts refunded.

 

c. Operating Agreement. You confirm you have read the Company’s Limited Liability Company Agreement and the Series Designation for the Series (together, the “Operating Agreement”), and agree that your execution of this Agreement constitutes your consent to, and execution of, the Operating Agreement, and that upon acceptance of this Agreement by the Company, you will become a member of the Company as a holder of Shares in the Series. When this Agreement is countersigned by the Company, the Operating Agreement shall be binding upon you as of the Closing.

 

d. Investor Platform. The Offering is described in the Offering Circular, that is available through the online website platform https://www.asharex.com (the “Investor Platform”), which is owned and operated by aShareX, Inc. for the benefit of the Company, as well as on the SEC’s EDGAR website at www.sec.gov. Please read this Agreement, the Offering Circular, and the Company’s Offering Statement and the exhibits attached thereto of which the Offering Circular is an integral part (the “Offering Statement” and together with the foregoing documents and Operating Agreement, the “Offering Documents”). While they are subject to change, as described below, we advise you to print and retain a copy of the Offering Documents for your records. By signing electronically below, you agree to the terms of this Agreement and the Operating Agreement and you acknowledge that you have previously read and agree to the Terms of Use of the Investor Platform and the aShareX Privacy Policy. You further agree to transact business with us and to receive communications concerning the Shares, including information regarding the Artwork, filings by the Company with the SEC, and voting and proxy materials, electronically through the Investor Platform.

 

 
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2. Subscription Procedures, Payment and Delivery.

 

a. Subscription Procedures. The procedures for subscribing to the Offering are set forth in the Investor Platform. Your subscription is irrevocable. We will maintain all such funds for your benefit until the earliest to occur of: (i) the Closing of the Offering, (ii) the rejection of your subscription or (iii) the termination of the Offering by us in our sole discretion. In the event we are required to file a post-qualification amendment to our Offering Statement with respect to the Offering prior to Closing, we will hold your subscription until the amendment is qualified with the SEC.

 

b. Payment. Contemporaneously with the electronic execution and delivery of this Agreement through the Investor Platform, you will pay the Purchase Price for the Shares in the form of ACH debit transfer, wire transfer, or credit card (any credit card subscriptions shall not exceed the lesser of $30,000 or the amount permitted by applicable law, per Subscriber) into a segregated non-interest-bearing account held by the Escrow Agent until the Closing of the Offering. Credit card investment will result in incurrence of third-party fees and charges, interest obligations which will lower your expected investment returns and could exceed your actual returns. In addition, if you cannot meet your minimum payment obligation, you may damage your credit profile which would make it more difficult and more expensive to borrow in the future.

 

c. Acceptance. This subscription shall be deemed to be accepted only when this Agreement has been signed by the Company and delivered to you electronically. The deposit of the payment of the Purchase Price for clearance will not be deemed an acceptance of this Agreement.

 

d. Issuance of Shares. We will not issue the Shares to you until the closing and your funds will be retained in a segregated escrow account until the Closing. Upon the release of your Purchase Price to the Company at the Closing, you will receive notice and evidence of the digital book-entry (or other manner of record) of the number of Shares owned by you reflected on the books and records of the Company, which books and records shall bear a notation that the Shares were sold in reliance upon Regulation A.

 

3. Representations, Warranties and Agreements of Subscriber.

 

Consistent with the terms of your Auction Agreement, by executing this Agreement, you represent, warrant and agree as of the date of execution of this Agreement and as of the Closing date of the Offering:

  

a. Requisite Power and Authority and Related Matters. You have all necessary power and authority under all applicable provisions of law to execute and deliver this Agreement. All action on your part required for the lawful execution and delivery of this Agreement has been or will be effectively taken prior to the Closing. If you are a natural person, you are at least 21 years of age (or eighteen (18) years of age in jurisdictions with such applicable age limit on contracting), and competent to enter into a contractual obligation. If an entity, if all equity owners are not Accredited Investors, Subscriber represents that it was not formed for the specific purpose of acquiring the Shares, it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the state of its organization, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby is authorized by, and will not result in a violation of state law or its charter or other organizational documents, it has full power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and all other related agreements or certificates and to carry out the provisions hereof and thereof and to purchase and hold the Shares, the execution and delivery of this Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary action, this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered on behalf of such entity and is a legal, valid and binding obligation of such entity; or if executing this Agreement in a representative or fiduciary capacity, represents that it has full power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement in such capacity and on behalf of the subscribing entity for whom the Subscriber is executing this Agreement, and such entity has full right and power to perform pursuant to this Agreement and make an investment in the Shares, and represents that this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of such entity. The execution and delivery of this Agreement will not violate or be in conflict with any order, judgment, injunction, agreement or controlling document to which the Subscriber is a party or by which it is bound. Upon execution and delivery, this Agreement will be a valid and binding obligation of Subscriber, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except (a) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights and (b) as limited by general principles of equity that restrict the availability of equitable remedies.

 

 
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b. Investment Representations. You understand that the Shares have not been registered under the Securities Act. You also understand that the Shares are being offered and sold pursuant to an exemption from registration contained in the Securities Act based in part upon your representations contained in this Agreement and the Auction Agreement. You are purchasing the Shares for your own account. You have received and reviewed the Offering Documents. You and your advisors, who are not affiliated with and not compensated directly or indirectly by the Company or an affiliate thereof, have such knowledge and experience in business and financial matters as will enable them to utilize the information which they have received in connection with the Offering to evaluate the merits and risks of an investment, to make an informed investment decision and to protect your own interests in connection with an investment in the Shares.

 

c. Illiquidity and Continued Economic Risk. You acknowledge and agree that there is no ready public market for the Shares and that there is no guarantee that a market for their resale will ever exist. You must bear the economic risk of this investment indefinitely and the Company has no obligation to list the Shares on any market or take any steps (including registration under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) with respect to facilitating trading or resale of the Shares apart from providing for use of the Trading Platform described in the Offering Circular. You acknowledge that you are able to bear the economic risk of losing your entire investment in the Shares. You also understand that an investment in the Shares involves significant risks and understand all of the Risk Factors described in the Offering Circular relating to your investment.

 

d. Investor Status. You represent that you are a “qualified purchaser” as defined in Regulation A under the Securities Act (a “Qualified Purchaser”) by confirming either:

 

 

·

You are an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Rule 501 of Regulation D under the Securities Act and as described in the Offering Circular (an “Accredited Investor”); or

 

 

 

 

·

The Purchase Price set out in the signature page to this Agreement, together with any other amounts used to purchase other Shares of the Series and other equity interests in any other Series of the Company, does not exceed 10% of the greater of your annual income or net worth (excluding your primary residence and automobiles), in the case of natural persons, or 10% of the greater of your annual revenue or net assets at fiscal year-end (for non-natural persons).

 

e. Member Information. Within five days after receipt of a request from the Company, you agree to provide such information with respect to your status as a member or potential member of the Company and to execute and deliver such documents as may reasonably be necessary to comply with any and all laws and regulations to which the Company is or may become subject, including, without limitation, the need to determine the accredited investor status of the Company’s members. You further agree that in the event you transfer any Shares, you will require the transferee of such Shares to agree to provide such information to the Company as a condition of such transfer.

 

f. Company Information. You have had the opportunity to review the Offering Circular filed with the SEC, including the section titled “Risk Factors.” You have had an opportunity to discuss the Series’ business, management and financial affairs with the officers and management of the Company. You have also had the opportunity to ask questions of and receive answers from the Company and its management regarding the terms and conditions of your investment. You acknowledge that you are making an investment decision based on the information in the Offering Circular, and except as set forth in the Offering Circular and herein, no representations or warranties have been made to you, or to your advisors or representatives, by the Company or others with respect to the business or prospects of the Series or its financial condition.

 

g. Additional Subscriber Information; Payment Information. You agree to provide any additional documentation the Company may reasonably request, including documentation as may be required by the Company to form a reasonable basis that the Subscriber qualifies as an Accredited Investor as that term is defined in Section 3(d) above, or otherwise as a Qualified Purchaser as also defined in Section 3(d), or as may be required by the securities administrators or regulators of any state, to confirm that the you meet any applicable minimum financial suitability standards and have satisfied any applicable maximum investment limits. You acknowledge that (i) your responses to questions on the Investor Platform, and (ii) your representations and warranties in the Auction Agreement, in each case are true, complete and accurate in all respects. Payment information provided by you through the Investor Platform is true, accurate and correct and such payment information shall be deemed to be a part of this Agreement as if and to the same extent that such information was set forth herein.

 

 
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h. Investment Company. You understand that none of the Company, the Managing Member or aShareX is an Investment Adviser, and you further understand that none of such entities is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

 

i. Valuation; Use of Proceeds. You acknowledge that the price of the Shares (the “Offering Price”) was set by the Company on the basis of dividing (i) the Acquisition Cost for the Artwork, by (ii) the number of shares offered in the Offering at the Closing. The gross proceeds of the Offering will be paid (i) to the Asset Manager in an amount equal to 4% of the Purchase Price for the Artwork as the “Sourcing Fee,” and (ii) to the Auction House in an amount equal to the balance of the gross proceeds to acquire the Artwork and pay sales taxes, if any.

 

j. Domicile. You maintain your domicile (and you are not a transient or temporary resident) at the address shown on the signature page and provided on the Investor Platform.

 

k. Power of Attorney. Any power of attorney you grant in favor of the Managing Member (or any officer thereof) has been executed by you in compliance with the laws of the state, province or jurisdiction in which such agreements were executed.

 

l. Underwriter Fees. You acknowledge that no fees or commissions will be payable by the Company to underwriters, finders or investment bankers with respect to the Offering. The Managing Member has engaged Dalmore Group, LLC to act as the broker-dealer in connection with the sale of Shares pursuant to the Offering and that its commissions and fees will be paid by the Managing Member of the Series.

 

m. Foreign Investors. If you are not a United States person (as defined by Section 7701(a)(30) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended), you hereby represent that you have satisfied yourself as to the full observance of the laws of your jurisdiction in connection with your subscription for the Shares, including (i) the legal requirements within your jurisdiction for the purchase of the Shares, (ii) any foreign exchange restrictions applicable to such purchase, (iii) any governmental or other consents that may need to be obtained, and (iv) the income tax and other tax consequences, if any, that may be relevant to your purchase, holding, redemption, sale, or transfer of the Shares. Your subscription and payment for and continued beneficial ownership of the Shares will not violate any applicable securities or other laws of your jurisdiction.

 

n. Patriot Act; Anti-Money Laundering; OFAC. You hereby represent and warrant to the Company as follows (you should check the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) website at http://www.treas.gov/ofac before making the following representations):

 

 

·

You represent that (i) no part of the funds used by you to purchase the Shares has been, or shall be, directly or indirectly derived from, or related to, any activity that may contravene United States federal or state or non-United States laws or regulations, including anti-money laundering laws and regulations, and (ii) no payment to the Company by you and no distribution to you shall cause the Company to be in violation of any applicable anti-money laundering laws or regulations including, without limitation, Title III of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001 and the United States Department of the Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control regulations. You acknowledge and agree that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Offering Circular or any other agreement, to the extent required by any anti-money laundering law or regulation, the Company may restrict distributions or take any other reasonably necessary or advisable action with respect to the Shares, and you shall have no claim, and shall not pursue any claim, against the Company or any other person in connection therewith. You further acknowledge that U.S. federal regulations and executive orders administered by OFAC prohibit, among other things, the engagement in transactions with, and the provision of services to, certain foreign countries, territories, entities and individuals, and the lists of OFAC prohibited countries, territories, persons and entities can be found on the OFAC website at http://www.treas.gov/ofac. You also acknowledge that the programs administered by OFAC (the “OFAC Programs”) prohibit dealing with individuals1 or entities in certain countries regardless of whether such individuals or entities appear on the OFAC lists.

 

 
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·

To the best of your knowledge, none of: (1) you; (2) any person controlling or controlled by you; (3) if you are a privately-held entity, any person having a beneficial interest in you; or (4) any person for whom you are acting as agent or nominee in connection with this investment, in each case is a country, territory, individual or entity named on an OFAC list, or a person or entity prohibited under the OFAC Programs. You agree to promptly notify the Company should you become aware of any change in the information set forth in these representations. You understand and acknowledge that, by law, the Company may be obligated to “freeze [your] account,” either by prohibiting additional subscriptions from you, declining to make any distributions to you and/or segregating the assets in the account in compliance with governmental regulations, and any broker may also be required to report such action and to disclose your identity to OFAC. You further acknowledge that the Company may, by written notice to you, suspend your distribution rights if the Company reasonably deems it necessary to do so to comply with anti-money laundering regulations applicable to the Company or any broker or any of the Company’s other service providers. These individuals include specially designated nationals, specially designated narcotics traffickers and other parties subject to OFAC sanctions and embargo programs.

 

 

 

 

·

To the best of your knowledge, none of: (1) you; (2) any person controlling or controlled by you; or (3) if you are a privately-held entity, any person having a beneficial interest in you, is a “senior foreign political figure,” or any “immediate family member” or “close associate” of a senior political figure, as such terms are defined in the footnotes below. These individuals include specially designated nationals, specially designated narcotics traffickers and other parties subject to OFAC sanctions and embargo programs.

 

The foregoing capitalized terms are defined as follows:

 

(i) A “senior foreign political figure” is defined as a senior official in the executive, legislative, administrative, military or judicial branches of a foreign government (whether elected or not), a senior official of a major foreign political party, or a senior executive of a foreign government-owned corporation. In addition, a “senior foreign political figure” includes any corporation, business or other entity that has been formed by, or for the benefit of, a senior foreign political figure.

 

(ii) “Immediate family” of a senior foreign political figure typically includes the figure’s parents, siblings, spouse, children and in-laws.

 

(iii) A “close associate” of a senior foreign political figure is a person who is widely and publicly known to maintain an unusually close relationship with the senior foreign political figure, and includes a person who is in a position to conduct substantial domestic and international financial transactions on behalf of the senior foreign political figure.

 

·

If you are affiliated with a non-U.S. banking institution (a “Foreign Bank”), or if you receive deposits from, make payments on behalf of, or handle other financial transactions related to a Foreign Bank, you represent and warrant to the Company that: (1) the Foreign Bank has a fixed address, other than solely an electronic address, in a country in which the Foreign Bank is authorized to conduct banking activities; (2) the Foreign Bank maintains operating records related to its banking activities; (3) the Foreign Bank is subject to inspection by the banking authority that licensed the Foreign Bank to conduct banking activities; and (4) the Foreign Bank does not provide banking services to any other Foreign Bank that does not have a physical presence in any country and that is not a regulated affiliate.

 

 

·

You acknowledge that, to the extent applicable, the Company will seek to comply with the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code and any rules, regulations, forms, instructions or other guidance issued in connection therewith (the “FATCA Provisions”). In furtherance of these efforts, you agree to promptly deliver any additional documentation or information, and updates thereto as applicable, which the Company may request in order to comply with the FATCA Provisions. You acknowledge and agree that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Offering Circular, any side letter or any other agreement, the failure to promptly comply with such requests, or to provide such additional information, may result in the withholding of amounts with respect to, or other limitations on, distributions made to you and such other reasonably necessary or advisable action by the Company with respect to the Shares (including, without limitation, required withdrawal), and you shall have no claim, and shall not pursue any claim, against the Company or any other person in connection therewith.

 

 
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4. Ownership Limitation and Reporting

 

You acknowledge and agree that, pursuant to the terms of the Operating Agreement, if you are a Benefit Plan Investor, you, together with other Benefit Plan Investors, cannot own, or be deemed to beneficially own, as “beneficial ownership” is determined pursuant to Section 13(d) and 13(g) of the Securities Act, 24.9% or more of the Shares in the Series. Furthermore, you acknowledge and agree that if you own, or are deemed to beneficially own, 10% or more of the Shares entitled to vote in the Series, your name, address and holdings will be reported in the Company’s ongoing SEC filings.

 

5. Survival; Indemnification.

 

All representations, warranties and covenants contained in this Agreement and the indemnification contained herein shall survive (a) the acceptance of this Agreement by the Company, (b) changes in the transactions, documents and instruments described herein which are not material or which are to your benefit, and (c) your death or disability. You acknowledge the meaning and legal consequences of the representations, warranties and agreements in Section 3 hereof and that the Company has relied upon such representations, warranties and covenants in determining your qualification and suitability to purchase the Shares.  You hereby agree to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the aShareX, the Company, the Managing Member, the Series and their respective officers, directors, employees, direct and beneficial owners and their successor and assigns, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, expenses (including attorneys’ fees and disbursements), judgments or amounts paid in settlement of actions arising out of or resulting from the untruth of any representation or warranty made by you herein or the breach of any representation, warranty or covenant herein made by you. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, except as set forth in Section 14 hereof with respect to forum selection, no representation, warranty, covenant or acknowledgment made herein by you shall in any manner be deemed to constitute a waiver of any rights granted to you under the Securities Act or state securities laws.

  

6. Tax Forms.

 

You have completed an IRS Form W-9 or the appropriate Form W-8, which should have been returned directly to us via the Investor Platform. You certify that the information contained in the executed copy (or copies) of IRS Form W-9 or appropriate IRS Form W-8 (and any accompanying required documentation), as applicable, as submitted to the Company will be true, correct and complete. You shall (i) promptly inform the Company of any change in such information, and (ii) furnish to us a new properly completed and executed form, certificate or attachment, as applicable, as may be required under the Internal Revenue Service instructions to such forms, the Code or any applicable Treasury Regulations or as may be requested from time to time by us. In addition, you understand that if you invest an amount equal to or exceeding $100,000 or purchase 10% or more of the total Shares offered in the Offering and you are a U.S. citizen, U.S. resident or U.S. entity, you will be required to file IRS Form 926.

 

7. No Advisory Relationship.

 

You acknowledge and agree that (a) the purchase and sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement is an arms-length transaction between you and the Company, (b) neither the Company nor the Series is acting as your agent or fiduciary or assumes any advisory or fiduciary responsibility in your favor in connection with the Shares, and neither the Company nor the Series has provided you with any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to the Shares, and you have consulted your own respective legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent you have deemed appropriate.

 

 
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8. Telephone Consumer Protection Act Consent.

 

You hereby expressly consent to receiving calls and messages, including auto-dialed and pre-recorded message calls, and SMS messages (including text messages) from the Managing Member, the Asset Manager or their respective representatives calling at their request or on their behalf, at any telephone numbers that you have provided to the Company (including any cellular telephone numbers). To unsubscribe from text messages or promotional calls at any time, you may notify the Company to stop receiving text or call messages from the Company, the Managing Member or Asset Manager. You understand that unsubscribing from promotional and/or account-related texts or calls will not prevent the Company from sending you text messages or telephone calls for purposes other than promotion and marketing.

 

9. Investor and Trading Platform.

 

You acknowledge that you have read, understand and agree to the terms and conditions, privacy policy and disclaimers on the Investor Platform and Trading Platform.

 

10. Transfer Restrictions.

 

You acknowledge and agree that the Shares are subject to restrictions on transfer as described in the Offering Documents. The Shares may only be transferred by operation of law or with the consent of the Company or:

 

 

·

to an immediate family member or an affiliate of the owner of the Class A shares,

 

 

 

 

·

to a trust or other entity for estate or tax planning purposes,

 

 

 

 

·

as a charitable gift, or

 

 

 

 

·

on the Trading Platform.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Managing Member may withhold consent in its sole discretion, including when the Managing Member determines that such transfer, assignment or pledge would result in (a) the Artwork being deemed “plan assets” for purposes of ERISA, (b) a change of U.S. federal income tax treatment of the Company and the Shares, or (c) the Company or the Series being subject to additional regulatory requirements.

 

As a condition to recording any sale of Shares on our books and records, the buyer and seller to the transfer will be required to pay (i) a commission to the executing broker-dealer equal to 2% of the gross proceeds of the transaction, payable 1% by each of the buyer and seller, and (ii) a fee to the Asset Manager equal to 3% of the aggregate Offering Price of the transferred Shares, payable 1.5% by each of the buyer and seller. These costs will be charged on a per transaction basis irrespective of the number of Shares transferred. Transfers may also be subject to restrictions imposed under state and international securities laws.  Certificates or other instruments representing the Shares shall bear a digital or physical restrictive legend in substantially the following form (and a stop transfer order may be placed against transfer of such certificates or instruments):

  

THE SECURITIES EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO SIGNIFICANT RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER PURSUANT TO THE COMPANY’S OPERATING AGREEMENT AND THE SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT PURSUANT TO WHICH THESE SECURITIES WERE ORIGINALLY SOLD. ANY PURPORTED TRANSFER IN VIOLATION OF SUCH PROVISIONS SHALL BE VOID, AB INITIO.

 

11. Arbitration.

 

a. General. Either party may, at its sole election, require that the sole and exclusive forum and remedy for resolution of a Claim be final and binding arbitration pursuant to this Section 11 (this “Arbitration Provision”). The arbitration shall be conducted in Los Angeles, California. As used in this Arbitration Provision, “Claim” shall include any past, present, or future claim, dispute, or controversy involving you (or persons claiming through or connected with you), on the one hand, and the Company and or Series (or persons claiming through or connected with the Company or the Series), on the other hand, relating to or arising out of the Auction Agreement or this Agreement, provided that this provision shall not apply to any Claims arising under Federal securities laws. Claims are subject to arbitration regardless of whether they arise from contract; tort (intentional or otherwise); a constitution, statute, common law, or principles of equity; or otherwise. Claims include (without limitation) matters arising as initial claims, counter-claims, cross-claims, third-party claims, or otherwise. The scope of this Arbitration Provision is to be given the broadest possible interpretation that is enforceable.

 

 
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b. Initiation of Arbitration. The party initiating arbitration shall do so with the Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Service (“JAMS”). The arbitration shall be conducted according to, and the location of the arbitration shall be determined in accordance with, the rules and policies of JAMS, except to the extent the rules conflict with this Arbitration Provision or any countervailing law. In the case of a conflict between the rules and policies of JAMS and this Arbitration Provision, this Arbitration Provision shall control, subject to countervailing law, unless all parties to the arbitration consent to have the rules and policies of JAMS apply.

 

c. Costs. If arbitration is elected, each party shall bear 50% of the fees and costs of JAMS and the arbitrator and each party shall bear its own attorney’s fees and costs, except as otherwise provided by law. If a statute gives you the right to recover any of these fees, these statutory rights shall apply in the arbitration notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein. The award of the arbitrator shall be final and binding on the parties absent manifest error. The prevailing party in the arbitration as determined by the arbitrator shall be entitled to recover its attorney’s fees and costs and the fees and costs paid to JAMS and the arbitrator.

 

d. Class Action. We agree not to invoke our right to arbitrate an individual Claim that you may bring in Small Claims Court or an equivalent court, if any, so long as the Claim is pending only in that court. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT, NO ARBITRATION SHALL PROCEED ON A CLASS, REPRESENTATIVE, OR COLLECTIVE BASIS (INCLUDING AS PRIVATE ATTORNEY GENERAL ON BEHALF OF OTHERS), EVEN IF THE CLAIM OR CLAIMS THAT ARE THE SUBJECT OF THE ARBITRATION HAD PREVIOUSLY BEEN ASSERTED (OR COULD HAVE BEEN ASSERTED) IN A COURT AS CLASS REPRESENTATIVE, OR COLLECTIVE ACTIONS IN A COURT.

 

e. Limitation to Named Parties. Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement or consented to in writing by all parties to the arbitration, no party to the arbitration may join, consolidate, or otherwise bring claims for or on behalf of two or more individuals or unrelated corporate entities in the same arbitration unless those persons are parties to a single transaction. Unless consented to in writing by all parties to the arbitration, an award in arbitration shall determine the rights and obligations of the named parties only, and only with respect to the claims in arbitration, and shall not (i) determine the rights, obligations, or interests of anyone other than a named party, or resolve any Claim of anyone other than a named party, or (ii) make an award for the benefit of, or against, anyone other than a named party. No administrator or arbitrator shall have the power or authority to waive, modify, or fail to enforce this sub-section (e), and any attempt to do so, whether by rule, policy, arbitration decision or otherwise, shall be invalid and unenforceable. Any challenge to the validity of this sub-section (e) shall be determined exclusively by a court and not by the administrator or any arbitrator.

 

f. FAA. This Arbitration Provision is made pursuant to a transaction involving interstate commerce and shall be governed by and enforceable under the FAA. The arbitrator will apply substantive law consistent with the FAA and applicable statutes of limitations. The arbitrator may award damages or other types of relief permitted by applicable substantive law, subject to the limitations set forth in this Arbitration Provision. The arbitrator will not be bound by judicial rules of procedure and evidence that would apply in a court. The arbitrator shall take steps to reasonably protect confidential information.

 

g. Survival. This Arbitration Provision shall survive (i) suspension, termination, revocation, closure, or amendments to this Agreement and the relationship of the parties; (ii) the bankruptcy or insolvency of any party hereto or other party; or (iii) the Closing of the Offering. If any portion of this Arbitration Provision other than sub-section (d) is deemed invalid or unenforceable, the remaining portions of this Arbitration Provision shall nevertheless remain valid and in force. If arbitration is brought on a class, representative, or collective basis, and the limitations on such proceedings in sub-section (d) are finally adjudicated pursuant to the last sentence of sub-section (d) to be unenforceable, then no arbitration shall be had. In no event shall any invalidation be deemed to authorize an arbitrator to determine Claims or make awards beyond those authorized in this Arbitration Provision.

 

 
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12. Waiver of Court & Jury Rights.

 

THE COMPANY AND YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT EACH HAS A RIGHT TO LITIGATE CLAIMS THROUGH A COURT BEFORE A JUDGE, BUT WILL NOT HAVE THAT RIGHT IF ANY PARTY ELECTS ARBITRATION PURSUANT TO THE ARBITRATION PROVISION. THE PARTIES HEREBY KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY WAIVE THEIR RIGHTS TO LITIGATE SUCH CLAIMS IN A COURT UPON ELECTION OF ARBITRATION BY ANY PARTY. THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVE A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LITIGATION RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE SHARES OR ANY OTHER AGREEMENTS RELATED THERETO. THIS WAIVER OF THE RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL DOES NOT APPLY TO ANY CLAIMS MADE UNDER THE FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS.

  

13. Damage Limitation.

 

IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COMPANY BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY LOST PROFITS OR SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, EVEN IF INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING SHALL BE INTERPRETED AND HAVE EFFECT TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, RULE OR REGULATION.

 

14. Choice of Forum for Securities Act Disputes.

 

You acknowledge that the Operating Agreement contains a provision that requires any complaint asserting a cause of action under the Securities Act to be litigated in the federal district courts of the United States of America.

 

15. Miscellaneous.

 

a. Captions and Headings. The Article and Section headings throughout this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall in no way be deemed to define, limit or add to any provision of this Agreement.

 

b. Notification of Changes. You agree and covenant to notify the Company immediately upon the occurrence of any event prior to the consummation of this Offering that would cause any representation, warranty, covenant or other statement contained in this Agreement to be false or incorrect or of any change in any statement made herein occurring prior to the consummation of this Offering.

 

c. Assignability. This Agreement is not assignable by you, and may not be modified, waived or terminated except by an instrument in writing signed by the party against whom enforcement of such modification, waiver or termination is sought.

 

d. Binding Effect. Except as otherwise provided herein, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their heirs, executors, administrators, successors, legal representatives and assigns, and the agreements, representations, warranties and acknowledgments contained herein shall be deemed to be made by and be binding upon such heirs, executors, administrators, successors, legal representatives and assigns.

 

e. Obligations Irrevocable. Your obligations hereunder shall be irrevocable, except with the consent of the Company, until the consummation or termination of the Offering.

 

f. Entire Agreement; Amendment. This Agreement states the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to the matters contained herein, superseding all prior contracts or agreements, whether oral or written. No amendment of the Agreement shall be made without the express written consent of the parties.

 

g. Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any particular provision of this Agreement shall not affect any other provision hereof, which shall be construed in all respects as if such invalid or unenforceable provision were omitted.

 

h. Hardware and Software Requirements. In order to access and retain documents electronically, you must satisfy the following computer hardware and software requirements: access to the Internet; an email account and related software capable of receiving email through the Internet; a web browser which is SSL-compliant and supports secure sessions; and hardware capable of running this software. You will also need a printer if you wish to print electronic documents on paper, and electronic storage if you wish to download and save documents to your computer.

 

 
9
 

 

i. Governing Law; Venue. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Delaware, without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. To the extent of any disagreement or matter relating to this Agreement, including, without limitation, the enforceability of the arbitration provisions of this Agreement or the enforcement of any arbitration award, such disagreement or matter shall be exclusively submitted to the federal or state courts located in Los Angeles, California.

 

j. Notices. All notices and communications to be given or otherwise made to you shall be deemed to be sufficient if sent by electronic mail to such address as set forth for you in the records of the Company and or the Series (or that you submitted to us via the Investor Platform). You shall send all notices or other communications required to be given hereunder to the Company, the Series or Managing Member through the Investor Platform and via email at the address set forth in the Investor Platform, and if a legal notice, sent by overnight courier to: aShareX Fine Art, LLC, 10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150, Los Angeles, California 90024 Attention: Chief Financial Officer. Any such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been delivered and received on the first business day following that on which the electronic mail or overnight courier has been sent (assuming that there is no error in delivery). As used in this Section, “business day” shall mean any day other than a day on which banking institutions in the State of California are legally closed for business. You agree to keep your email address current with us. You must promptly notify us of a change of your email address. If your mailing address, email address, telephone number or other contact information changes, you may also provide updated information by contacting us on the Investor Platform.

 

k. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original and all of which together shall be deemed to be one and the same agreement.

 

l. Digital Signatures. Digital (“electronic”) signatures, often referred to as an “e-signature”, enable paperless contracts and help speed up business transactions. The 2002 E-Sign Act was meant to ease the adoption of electronic signatures. The mechanics of this Subscription Agreement’s electronic signature include your signing this Agreement below by typing in your name, with the underlying software recording your IP address, your browser identification, the timestamp, and a securities hash within an SSL encrypted environment. This electronically signed Subscription Agreement will be available to both you and the Company, as well as any associated brokers, so they can store and access it at any time, and it will be stored and accessible on the Investor Platform and hosting provider, including backups. You and the Company each hereby consents and agrees that electronically signing this Agreement constitutes your signature, acceptance and agreement as if actually signed by you in writing. Further, all parties agree that no certification authority or other third-party verification is necessary to validate any electronic signature; and that the lack of such certification or third party verification will not in any way affect the enforceability of your signature or resulting contract between you and the Company. You understand and agree that your e-signature executed in conjunction with the electronic submission of this Subscription Agreement shall be legally binding and such transaction shall be considered authorized by you. By signing electronically below, you agree your electronic signature is the legal equivalent of your manual signature on this Subscription Agreement you consent to be legally bound by this Subscription Agreement. Alternatively, you may opt-out of this provision by printing a copy of this Agreement, signing it manually and returning it to the Company and, if your subscription is accepted, the Company will manually countersign it and return a countersigned copy to you via email.

 

m. Consent to Electronic Delivery of Tax Documents. Please read this disclosure about how we will provide certain documents that we are required by the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) to send to you (“Tax Documents”) in connection with your Shares. A Tax Document provides important information you need to complete your tax returns. Tax Documents include Form 1099 and/or Form K-1. Occasionally, we may be required to send you corrected Tax Documents. Additionally, we may include inserts with your Tax Documents. We are required to send Tax Documents to you in writing, which means in paper form. When you consent to electronic delivery of your Tax Documents, you will be consenting to delivery of Tax Documents, including these corrected Tax Documents and inserts, electronically instead of in paper form. By executing this Agreement on the Investor Platform, you are consenting in the affirmative that we may send Tax Documents to you electronically, and acknowledging that you are able to access Tax Documents from the site which are made available under “My Account.” If you subsequently withdraw consent to receive Tax Documents electronically, a paper copy will be provided. Your consent to receive the Tax Documents electronically continues for every tax year until you withdraw your consent. You can withdraw your consent before the Tax Document is furnished by mailing a letter including your name, mailing address, effective tax year, and indicating your intent to withdraw consent to the Company pursuant to the notice provisions set forth above. If you withdraw consent to receive Tax Documents electronically, a paper copy will be provided.

 

 
10
 

 

n. Electronic Delivery of Information. Subscriber and the Company each hereby agrees that all current and future notices, confirmations and other communications regarding this Agreement, the Operating Agreement and future communications in general between the parties, may be made by email, sent to the email address of record as set forth in this Agreement or as otherwise from time to time changed or updated and disclosed to the other party, without necessity of confirmation of receipt, delivery or reading, and such form of electronic communication is sufficient for all matters regarding the relationship between the parties. If any such electronically sent communication fails to be received for any reason, including but not limited to such communications being diverted to the recipients spam filters by the recipients email service provider, or due to a recipient’s change of address, or due to technology issues by the recipients service provider, the parties agree that the burden of such failure to receive is on the recipient and not the sender, and that the sender is under no obligation to resend communications via any other means, including but not limited to postal service or overnight courier, and that such communications shall for all purposes, including legal and regulatory, be deemed to have been delivered and received. No physical, paper documents will be sent to you, and if you desire physical documents then you agree to be satisfied by directly and personally printing, at your own expense, the electronically sent communication(s) and maintaining such physical records in any manner or form that you desire.

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT SIGNATURE PAGE

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Subscriber or its duly authorized representative has read and understands the foregoing terms and has electronically executed and delivered this Subscription Agreement by clicking “I Agree” above and acknowledges that all of the information below is true and correct.

  

Number of Class A Shares and Purchase Price:

(See *NOTE* below)

 

*NOTE* The Purchase Price is in U.S. dollars. The number of Class A Shares subscribed will be included on the Company’s countersigned signature page when the subscription has been finally accepted at the Closing.

  

SIGNATURE:

 

[By clicking “I Agree” I, the Subscriber, has executed this Agreement intending to be legally bound]

 

(Signature of Subscriber or authorized officer)

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT SIGNATURE PAGE

 

(This countersigned Signature Page will be returned to Subscriber when and if a

subscription has been accepted immediately prior to the Closing)

  

ACCEPTED AND AGREED TO:

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

 

By:

Name:

Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

aShareX Fine Art, LLC

10990 Wilshire Blvd. Suite 1150

Los Angeles, California 90024

 

 
11
 

 

ANNEX A

 

[Description of Artwork and identity of Series]

 

 
12

 

EXHIBIT 6.1

 

[FORM OF]

ASSET MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES AGREEMENT

 

This Asset Management  and Administrative Services Agreement (this “Agreement”), dated as of ______________,_____ (the “Effective Date”), is entered into by and between aShareX Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Asset Manager”), aShareX Fine Art, LLC, a Delaware series limited liability company (the “Issuer”), for itself and on behalf of aShareX FA Series ___ (“Series”), and aShareX Fine Art, SPC, a Cayman Islands exempted company registered as a segregated portfolio company (the “SPC”), for itself and for the account of aShareX Fine Art Series ___, SP (the “SP”),  a segregated portfolio of the SPC (together the Asset Manager, Issuer, Series and SPC, each a “Party” and collectively the “Parties”).  As the context so requires, any references in this Agreement to the SPC or a SP shall mean the SPC acting for the account of the SP.

  

WHEREAS:

 

A. Series and the SPC have agreed that the SP acquire certain artwork identified on the Exhibit A attached hereto (the “Artwork”) to be owned by the SP as described in an Offering Circular filed by the Issuer with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) relating to an offering of Class A shares of Series (the “Offering”). The closing of the Offering occurred on the Effective Date, and the Artwork has now been acquired.

  

B. In connection with the Offering, the Issuer and aShareX Holdings, LLC, the managing member of the Issuer (the “Managing Member”), have entered into a Limited Liability Company Agreement (the “Operating Agreement”). Capitalized terms used herein and not defined have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Operating Agreement.

 

C. Series and the SPC desire that the Asset Manager provide them with routine operational, administrative, management, advisory, consulting and other services with respect to their respective operations (“Entity Based Services”), and the Asset Manager desires to render such Entity Services to Series and the SPC, on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

 

D. Series and the SPC also desire that the Asset Manager provide the SPC with routine services relating to the Artwork (“Asset Based Services” and together with the Entity Based Services, the “Standard Services” and together with the Extraordinary Services (as defined below), the “Services”), and the Asset Manager desires to render such Services, on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

 

In consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereby agree as follows:

 

1. Asset Based Services. The Asset Manager shall directly, or indirectly through one or more Affiliates or third parties, engage and maintain personnel for the purpose of providing the following Asset Based Services to Series and the SPC:

 

(a) maintaining storage and safekeeping of the Artwork;

 

(b) maintaining asset-level insurance requirements for the Artwork;

 

(c) managing transport for the Artwork in the ordinary course of business, including the display and exhibition thereof;

 

(d) research services concerning the provenance and authenticity of the Artwork;

 

(e) annual valuation services for inclusion in Series’ financial statements;

 

(f) producing and distributing to the Investors in Series, subject to copyright and other intellectual property limitations, a high resolution digital image of the Artwork suitable for framing and display in the Investor’s home or other personal space for non-commercial purposes; and

 

 
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(g) other routine and ordinary services deemed necessary or appropriate by the Asset Manager in its discretion to maintain and preserve the Artwork.

 

2. Entity Based Services. The Asset Manager shall directly, or indirectly through one or more Affiliates or third parties, engage and maintain personnel for the purpose of providing the following Entity Based Services to Series and the SPC:

 

(a) oversight and management of the Auction Platform and the Auction process to determine Winning Bidders among the Investor group and the allocation of the Class A shares in Series to such Winning Bidders;

 

(b) preparation and filing of SEC, state and other securities regulatory filings;

 

(c) banking, financial, accounting and bookkeeping services, including retention of an auditor for the Issuer;

 

(d) coordination of KYC, AML and other screening searches to assure qualification of potential Investors to bid at the Auction and to acquire the Class A shares, including analysis of bidding limitations and Qualified Purchaser status;

 

(e) entity regulatory compliance (including but not limited to AML, FATCA/CRS, economic substance and beneficial ownership) with Cayman Islands laws and regulations and the State of Delaware, as applicable;

 

(f) tax preparation and reporting services;

 

(g) accounts payable management;

 

(h) selecting and negotiating insurance coverage for the SPC and Series, including operational errors and omissions coverage and directors’ and officers’ coverage;

 

(i) maintaining Series’ membership ledger and coordinating activities with Series’ Transfer Agent, Escrow Agent and related parties, including oversight of Investor funding to the Escrow Agent;

 

(j) interface with Investors as to questions or concerns;

 

(k) oversight of the Investor Platform and the provision of Investor content;

 

(l) maintenance of contractual agreements with key service providers such as Dalmore, North Capital, the Escrow Agent and the Transfer Agent; and

 

(m) routine legal and professional transactional services in the ordinary course.

 

3. Extraordinary Services. At the direction of the Managing Member, the Asset Manager shall render services that do not constitute Standard Services and hence are considered to be Extraordinary Services, including:

 

(a) positioning the Artwork for sale and negotiating and consummating the terms thereof;

 

(b) obtaining appraisals and statements of condition in connection with a sale transaction relating to the Artwork;

 

(c) administrative services in connection with the dissolution and liquidation or winding up of the SP and Series;

 

(d) managing litigation, indemnification, judicial proceedings or arbitration, including the defense and or settlement of any claims (regardless of whether or not any Party hereto is named as a defendant or party in any such claim);

 

 
2
 

 

(e) conservation, restoration (as deemed necessary by the Asset Manager), reframing and other expenditures that increase the value of the Artwork; and

 

(g) other non-routine or extraordinary services not referenced in Sections 1 and 2 above.

 

4. Compensation. In return for rendering the Standard Services and the payment of all Ordinary Expenses (as defined in Section 5 below) of Series and SP, the Asset Manager shall be paid a fee (the “Sourcing Fee”) equal to four percent (4%) of the Purchase Price of the Artwork (namely, the sum of its Hammer Price and the Buyer’s Premium), payable by Series on behalf of SP promptly following the Effective Date. In addition to the foregoing:

  

(a) In connection with its services in sourcing Investors and enabling their participation in the Auction, the Auction House will pay to the Asset Manager a portion of the Buyer’s Premium received by the Auction House (even if the Series is not the purchaser of the Artwork);

 

(b) If the Managing Member elects to sell the Artwork without engaging a third-party intermediary, the Asset Manager may charge the buyer of the Artwork a reasonable fee not to exceed the lowest published Buyer’s Premium charged by Sotheby’s, Christie’s or Bonhams in effect at such time;

 

(c) For each trade of Class A shares on the Secondary Market, the Asset Manager shall receive a fee equal to 3% of the gross proceeds of such trade, paid 1.5% by each of the buyer and seller to the trade; and

 

(d) For its efforts in overseeing the exhibition and display of the Artwork by museums, private galleries or private parties, the Asset Manager may receive a fee payable solely by such exhibiters.

 

5. Reimbursement of Expenses.

 

(a) In consideration for the compensation it receives under this Agreement, the Asset Manager shall pay, and not be reimbursed by any other Party, any costs or expenses associated with rendering the Standard Services, either directly or through third parties (collectively, “Operating Expenses”).

 

(b) The Asset Manager will be reimbursed by Series or the SPC, as applicable, for any internal or third party, out of pocket costs or expenses directly associated with rendering Extraordinary Services requested by the Managing Member within thirty (30) days of invoicing for same (an “Extraordinary Expense”). If not reimbursed within such time period, the unreimbursed cost or expense shall be treated as an Extraordinary Loan funded by the Asset Manager to Series or the SPC, as applicable, bearing interest at the Prime Rate plus two (2) percentage points, from the date the cost or expense was invoiced until the date it is fully paid. In addition, the Asset Manager may decline to render any further Extraordinary Services until the amount owed to it has been fully paid. Such failure of payment shall not excuse the Asset Manager from rendering the Standard Services and paying all Operating Expenses.

 

6. Provision of Services by Third Parties. The Asset Manager shall devote such time to its duties under this Agreement as may be deemed reasonably necessary by the Asset Manager in light of the understanding that such duties are expected to be performed only at occasional or irregular intervals. The Asset Manager may arrange for and coordinate the services of other professionals, experts and consultants to provide any or all of the Services, in which case, the costs and expenses of such third parties for providing such services shall be borne by the Asset Manager other than as set forth in Section 5(b).

 

7. Independent Contractor; Authority. The Asset Manager shall be deemed to be an independent contractor with respect to the Services. The management, policies and operations of the Parties (including the ultimate approval of the making or disposition of the Artwork by the SPC, and the terms and conditions thereof) shall be the responsibility of the Managing Member and not the Asset Manager.

 

8. Obligations of Asset Manager Not Exclusive. The obligations of the Asset Manager to the other Parties are not exclusive. The Asset Manager may, in its discretion, render the same or similar services as rendered to the SPC and Series to any Person whose business may be in direct or indirect competition with them, including other Affiliates of the Asset Manager.

 

 
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9. Other Related Activities. The Asset Manager and its Affiliates shall have the right to lend the Artwork to museums, galleries or private parties for display or exhibition purposes (subject to compliance with laws and intellectual property rights of third parties) in exchange for the revenues received therefrom pursuant to Section 4(d), provided the Asset Manager and/or the exhibitor pay all costs and expenses associated with such activities.

 

10. Indemnification. The Asset Manager, its Affiliates, and its and their officers, managers, board members, direct or indirect owners, and successors and assigns (the “AM Indemnitees”) are considered Protected Persons for purposes of the exculpatory and indemnification provisions under the Operating Agreement and are entitled as a third party beneficiary to the protections and benefits conferred by such provisions. Such provisions as applied to an AM Indemnitee may not be amended or modified by the Issuer and Managing Member unless consented to by the Asset Manager. The rights of indemnification provided in this Section 10 will be in addition to any rights to which an AM Indemnitee might otherwise be entitled by contract or as a matter of law, and shall extend to each of such Protected Person’s heirs, successors and assigns. The provisions of this Section 10 shall survive the termination of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, any indemnification payment made under this Section 10 shall be deemed an Extraordinary Expense of the SPC or Series, as is applicable.

 

11. Assignment. Any assignment or delegation of a Party’s rights or obligations under this Agreement shall require the approval of the other Parties.

 

12. Term and Termination. This Agreement shall last until the Artwork is sold and the SP and Series are liquidated. It may be terminated by Series upon the first to occur of (i) the removal of the Asset Manager or the Managing Member pursuant to the terms of the Operating Agreement, (ii) the failure of the Asset Manager to maintain sufficient liquidity to pay for any material Operating Expenses that are due and payable other than expenses the Asset Manager is validly contesting, (iii) thirty (30) days following the Asset Manager’s receipt of a termination notice from the Managing Member, or (iv) the Bankruptcy of the Asset Manager. Effective upon such removal, the Asset Manager shall pay all Operating Expenses that are then due and payable, and the outstanding balance of any Extraordinary Loan funded by the Asset Manager must be repaid in full by Series or SP, as applicable. Such termination shall not become effective in the case of a termination under clauses (ii) or (iii), until the Managing Member has (x) engaged a new Person to assume and perform the obligations of the Asset Manager, and (y) agreed to render the Standard Services and pay the Operating Expenses that are due to be performed or become due and payable following the removal date and prior to the engagement of the new Person. The Managing Member may exercise, on behalf of Series or SP, any right or remedy that is legally available to them for any breach of this Agreement by the Asset Manager.

 

13. Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be given by personal delivery, mailed by internationally recognized courier service or airmail, or sent by email with return receipt requested to the following addresses of the Parties or to such other address as such Party may have specified for notice:

 

 

If to the Asset Manager:

 

aShareX Management, LLC

10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150

Los Angeles, CA 90024,

Attn: Alan Snyder, President

Email: asnyder@asharex.com

 

 

 

 

 

If to Issuer, Series or the SPC:

 

aShareX Fine Art, LLC

10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150

Los Angeles, CA 90024,

Attn: Alan Snyder, President

Email: asnyder@asharex.com

 

Any notice shall be deemed received: (i) if by personal service, upon receipt, (ii) if by courier service, on the second Business Day after delivery to the courier service, and (iii) if by email transmission, on the date of receipt as evidenced by a return notification in the case of email transmission.

 

 
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14. Limitation of Liability; Limited Recourse

 

(a) With respect to Series, none of the other series of the Issuer shall be liable for the performance or payment of the Parties’ debts, obligations or liabilities hereunder, and each Party agrees that it shall look solely to the assets of the Parties, and not to the assets of any other series of the Issuer for the performance and payment of the Parties’ debts, obligations and liabilities hereunder.

 

(b) With respect to the SPC, the Parties each acknowledge and agree that (i) the SPC is an exempted company incorporated as a segregated portfolio company pursuant to the Companies Act (As Revised) of the Cayman Islands and the obligations of the SPC pursuant to this Agreement relate solely to the SP, (ii) the recourse of the Parties against the SPC shall be limited solely to the assets of the SP, (iii) the claims of any Parties, to the extent they are not satisfied from the available assets of the SP, shall abate and be extinguished accordingly, and (iv) the Parties shall have no recourse against any other segregated portfolio or the general assets of the SPC. Furthermore, the Parties each agree that they shall not take any action to commence any proceeding or other action under the laws of any jurisdiction relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or winding-up of the SPC or of any other segregated portfolio or debt of the SPC (including any debt attributable to any other segregated portfolio of the SPC (other than the SP)).

 

15. SPC Execution Formalities. With respect to the SPC, in carrying out its duties and obligations hereunder, the Asset Manager agrees that it shall ensure that all of the assets and liabilities attributable to SP is correctly identified as being either an asset or liability of the SP and allocated to the SP and to no other segregated portfolio(s) of the SPC and, when entering into any transaction, contract or agreement, on behalf of the SPC for the account of the SP, that it will always do so (and expressly state in the relevant contracts or agreements that it is doing so) “for the account of” the SP.

 

16. Sub-Delegation. With respect to the SPC, where the Asset Manager delegates any of its powers, duties, discretions and/or functions hereunder pursuant to Sections 1, 2 and/or 6 above, the Asset Manager agrees to ensure and procure that such sub-delegate similarly agrees in any sub-delegation agreement to comply with the same obligations of the Asset Manager pursuant to Sections 14 and 15 above.

 

17. Governance by Managing Member. The Asset Manager shall at all times be subject to the governance of the Managing Member and shall act at all times to facilitate and give effect to the instructions given by the Managing Member. The Managing Member may make any reasonable request for the provision of information or for other cooperation from the Asset Manager with respect to its duties under this Agreement, and the Asset Manager shall use reasonable efforts to comply with such request, including without limitation, furnishing Series and SP with such documents, reports, data and other information as the Managing Member may reasonably request concerning the Asset Manager’s performance hereunder or compliance with the terms hereof.

 

18. Confidentiality. All non-public information furnished or made available by any other Party to the Asset Manager hereunder, or by the Asset Manager to any other Party, shall be treated as confidential by the Asset Manager, or the other Party, as applicable, and shall not be disclosed to third parties except as required by law or as required in connection with the performance of the Parties’ obligations under this Agreement, except for disclosure to counsel, accountants and other professional advisors.

 

 
 

 

19. Miscellaneous.

 

(a) Amendment. This Agreement may not be modified or amended in any manner other than by an instrument in writing signed by the Parties or their respective successors or permitted assigns.

 

(b) Covenant to Provide Financial Information and Maintain Sufficient Capital. The Asset Manager shall obtain and maintain the necessary capital to fulfill its obligations under this Agreement and shall remain solvent. The Asset Manager will report to the Issuer on a semi-annual basis its total assets, liabilities and equity and such other financial information as the Issuer must include in filing its semi-annual and annual reports to the SEC.

 

(c) Waivers. No provision of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been waived unless such waiver is in writing and signed by or on behalf of the Party granting the waiver.

 

(d) Entire Agreement. Other than as specifically set forth herein, this Agreement and the Operating Agreement constitute the entire agreement between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede any prior agreement or understanding between them with respect to such subject matter.

 

(e) Severability. In case any provision in this Agreement shall be deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

 

(f) Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Delaware, without regard to the conflicts of laws thereof. The Parties irrevocably agree that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is to have the exclusive jurisdiction to settle or resolve any disputes which may arise out of in connection with this Agreement and accordingly any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought in such courts. The Parties hereto consent to the personal jurisdiction of such courts to resolve or settle any such disputes.

 

(g) Limitation on Damages. IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY PARTY BE LIABLE TO ANY OTHER PARTY FOR ANY LOST PROFITS OR SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, EVEN IF INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING SHALL BE INTERPRETED AND HAVE EFFECT TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, RULE OR REGULATION.

 

(h) WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. THE PARTIES WAIVE ANY RIGHT TO HAVE THEIR DISPUTE ADJUDICATED BY A JURY.

  

(i) Successors and Assigns. Except as herein otherwise specifically provided, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties and their successors and permitted assigns.

 

(j) Third Party Beneficiaries. Each Protected Person is an intended third-party beneficiary of this Agreement and shall have the right to enforce its rights under this Agreement as if it were a direct Party. Other than as set forth herein, this Agreement is between the Parties and there are no other third-party beneficiaries hereto, and no other party shall have the right to enforce this Agreement.

 

(k) Headings. Captions contained in this Agreement are inserted only as a matter of convenience and in no way define, limit or extend the scope or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.

 

(l) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall constitute one instrument.

 

[remainder of page left intentionally blank]

 

 
 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have entered into this Agreement as of the Effective Date.

 

aShareX Management, LLC

 

By:

Name:

Title:

 

aShareX Fine Art Series ___, SP

 

By:

Name:

Title:

 

aShareX Fine Art, SPC

 

acting for itself and for the account of aShareX Fine Art Series ___, SP

 

By:

Name:

Title: Director

 

aShareX Fine Art,  LLC

 

By:

Name:

Title:

 

 
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EXHIBIT A

TITLE OF ARTWORK

 

 

 

 
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EXHIBIT 6.2

 

LICENSE AGREEMENT

 

This LICENSE AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered effective as of January 13, 2023 (the “Effective Date”), by and between aShareX, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Licensor”) and the Affiliates (as defined below) of Licensor identified on the signature page hereof (together with each other Affiliate executing a counterpart of this Agreement as a Licensee, each a “Licensee” and collectively the “Licensees” and, together with Licensor, each a “Party” and collectively the “Parties”), with reference to the following facts:

 

RECITALS

 

A. Licensor owns common law trademark rights in the name “aShareX” and has filed a trademark application (Serial Number 97773739) with the United States Patent and Trademark Office to register the trademark “aShareX.” It also owns or controls other intellectual property rights relating to the business it conducts directly and indirectly through its Affiliates that enable investors to acquire a fractional interest in artwork through use of Licensor’s proprietary investor platform and proprietary auction platform (the “Business”).

 

B. The Parties desire to enter into an agreement under which Licensor will grant to Licensees on a royalty-free basis a non-exclusive license of Licensor’s rights with respect to the “aShareX” trademark and Licensor’s other intellectual property rights on the following terms and conditions.

 

AGREEMENT

 

For good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS; INTERPRETATION

 

Section 1.1 Certain Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the following meanings:

 

Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Person. For purposes of this definition, "control" means the power, directly or indirectly, to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "affiliated," "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

 

Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the preamble.

 

 
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Business” has the meaning set forth in the preamble.

 

Effective Date” has the meaning set forth in the preamble.

 

Licensed Mark” means all trademark, service mark, and other rights of Licensor in “aShareX,” including any rights arising under any application for registration filed by Licensor with the USPTO, and any resulting registration from such application and any other alternative versions and formatives thereof, and any other applications or registrations for the same, together with all goodwill associated with any of the foregoing.

 

Licensee” and “Licensees” each has the meaning set forth in the preamble.

 

Licensor” has the meaning set forth in the preamble.

 

Marks” means trade names, trademarks and service marks (registered and unregistered), Internet domain names, trade dress and similar rights, and applications to register any of the foregoing and all goodwill associated with any of the foregoing.

 

Party” and “Parties” have the meanings set forth in the preamble.

 

Person” means an individual or a legal entity, including a corporation, limited liability company, partnership or organization.

 

Sublicensee” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.

 

Term” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

Trademark Usage Guidelines” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.3.

 

Section 1.2 Interpretation. When a reference is made in this Agreement to a Section, Article, Exhibit or Schedule such reference shall be to a Section, Article, Exhibit or Schedule of this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. The table of contents and headings contained in this Agreement or in any Exhibit or Schedule are for convenience of reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. All words used in this Agreement will be construed to be of such gender or number as the circumstances require. Any capitalized terms used in any Exhibit or Schedule but not otherwise defined therein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in this Agreement. All Exhibits and Schedules annexed hereto or referred to herein are hereby incorporated in and made a part of this Agreement as if set forth herein. The word “including” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement will mean “including, without limitation,” unless otherwise specified. The words “hereof,” “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to the Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision in this Agreement. The term “or” is not exclusive. The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.” References to days mean calendar days unless otherwise specified.

 

 
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ARTICLE II

GRANT OF LICENSES BY LICENSOR

 

Section 2.1 Grant of License. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, Licensor hereby grants to each Licensee and any existing and future Affiliates of such Licensee, and each Licensee hereby accepts for itself and on behalf of such Affiliates, a worldwide, royalty-free, fully paid-up, sublicensable (to the extent set forth in Section 2.2), non-transferable (except as set forth in Section 8.7) and non-exclusive right and license (i) to reproduce and display and otherwise use the Licensed Mark in connection with the conduct of the Business, as it is currently conducted and as it may hereafter evolve, including all advertising and marketing activities relating thereto, and (ii) to use and commercially exploit in any manner (including publicly perform, publicly display, distribute and prepare derivative works) all other intellectual property rights owned or controlled by Licensor and all embodiments thereof (including all intellectual property rights of Licensor relating to its proprietary investor platform and proprietary auction platform) as may be necessary or useful to conduct the Business, as it is currently conducted and as it may hereafter evolve. Each Licensee whose Affiliate is licensed rights under this Section 2.1 but who does not become a Licensee by executing a counterpart to this Agreement, shall be responsible for such Affiliate’s compliance with the terms of this Agreement as if a party hereto.

 

Section 2.2 Sublicense Rights. Each Licensee and its Affiliates may sublicense all or any portion of the rights granted in Section 2.1 to any Person (such Person a, “Sublicensee”) to the extent necessary to conduct the Business, as it is currently conducted and as it may hereafter evolve, on terms consistent with the terms of this Agreement or otherwise approved by Licensor. Each Licensee who, or whose Affiliate, sublicenses any of the rights hereunder to a Sublicensee shall be responsible for the Sublicensee complying the term of this Agreement as if it were a party hereto, and for purposes of this Agreement, such Sublicensee shall be deemed an “Affiliate” of the associated Licensee.

 

Section 2.3 Limitations on Scope of License. Each Licensee, its Affiliates and Sublicensees will use the Licensed Mark in material accordance with any trademark usage guidelines that Licensor may provide from time to time, if any (“Trademark Usage Guidelines”). The style, typeface and graphic appearance of the Licensed Mark used by each Licensee, its Affiliates and Sublicensees must be the same as specified in any Trademark Usage Guidelines provided by Licensor. Each Licensee agrees on behalf of itself and its Affiliates that the Licensed Mark shall not be combined, mixed, commingled or otherwise joined with any other Marks or with any prefix or suffix or any modifying word or term to create a combined mark.

 

 
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ARTICLE III

OWNERSHIP OF THE LICENSED MARKS AND

 OTHER LICENSED INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

 

Section 3.1 Acknowledgments and Covenants of Licensee.

 

(a) Each Licensee and its Affiliates shall not acquire any ownership rights in the Licensed Mark or any other intellectual property rights of Licensor by virtue of this Agreement or by virtue of such Licensee’s or its Affiliates’ use of the Licensed Mark or such intellectual property rights. Each Licensee agrees that all goodwill in respect of, associated with, and/or generated by its or its Affiliates’ use of the Licensed Mark shall inure to the sole benefit of Licensor, and this Agreement does not confer on any Licensee or any Affiliate thereof any goodwill or ownership interest in the Licensed Mark.

 

Section 3.2 Avoidance of Adverse Trademark Actions by Licensee. Each Licensee hereby covenants that, except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, it shall not, and will not authorize any of its Affiliates or Sublicensees or any third party to: (a) either directly or indirectly, apply for the registration or renewal of registration of the Licensed Mark, or any Mark that contains or is confusingly similar to or dilutive of the Licensed Mark, or (b) use the Licensed Mark after such time that Licensee knows that such use infringes or otherwise violates, or is alleged to infringe or otherwise violate, the Mark or other proprietary rights of any third party (other than any such allegation by Licensor under this Agreement that is disputed in good faith).

 

ARTICLE IV

TERM AND TERMINATION

 

Section 4.1 Term. This Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and shall continue in full force and effect in perpetuity, unless terminated as provided in Section 4.2 (the “Term”).

 

Section 4.2 Termination. Licensor may terminate this Agreement as to any Licensee or any Affiliate thereof, in whole or in part:

 

(a) if such Licensee or Affiliate fails in any material respect to comply with or breaches in any material respect any of its obligations under this Agreement and Licensor gives written notice to such Licensee or Affiliate specifying such failure or breach; provided that, if such breach is capable of being cured: (i) such Licensee or Affiliate shall have sixty (60) days from the date of receipt of such notice to cure such breach or failure, (ii) if such failure or breach is not cured by the end of the sixty (60) day period set forth immediately above, the cure period shall be extended for a further 60 days provided that such Licensee or Affiliate has commenced action to cure the breach and is diligently pursuing the cure, and (iii) if such failure or breach is not cured by the end of the applicable cure period, or if it is not capable of being cured, Licensor may terminate this Agreement immediately by written notice to such Licensee or Affiliate given at any time after the end of the applicable period;

 

 
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(b) immediately if such Licensee or Affiliate makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors or becomes insolvent, or a receiver is appointed for, or a case is commenced by or against, Licensee under the United States Bankruptcy Code; or

 

(c) immediately if all or a material part of such Licensee’s or Affiliate’s assets are condemned, expropriated, or otherwise taken over by a governmental authority or are repossessed, foreclosed upon or otherwise seized by any Licensee creditor.

 

Licensor’s right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 4.2 shall be without prejudice to the enforcement of any other rights or remedies that Licensor may have under this Agreement, at law or in equity.

 

Section 4.3 Termination of License.

 

(a) Upon the termination of this Agreement for any reason: (i) the relevant Licensee’s, or Affiliate’s license to use the Licensed Mark and other intellectual property rights licensed by Licensor shall terminate; (ii) such Licensee or Affiliate shall immediately discontinue using the Licensed Mark and other intellectual property rights and remove the Licensed Mark as promptly as reasonably practicable from any materials, stationery, or other documents (whether in written, electronic, optical or other form) in the possession or control of such Licensee or Affiliate that contain the Licensed Mark (provided that the Licensee or Affiliate shall be permitted to keep a copy of such materials, stationary or documents for archival purposes only, without an obligation to remove Licensed Mark from such materials, stationary or documents); and (iii) all rights in the Licensed Mark granted to Licensee or Affiliate, including any associated goodwill, under this Agreement, shall automatically revert to Licensor. Each Licensee shall cause its Affiliates and Sublicensees to comply with the terms of this Agreement, including this Section 4.3.

 

(b) Upon the termination of this Agreement as to any Licensee or Affiliate thereof, such Licensee or Affiliate shall not use any Mark that is confusingly similar to or dilutive of the Licensed Mark.

 

Section 4.4 Survival. Notwithstanding any provisions of this Article stating otherwise, Article I, Article III, Section 4.3, this Section 4.4, Article VI, Article VII and Article VIII shall survive any expiration or termination of this Agreement.

 

 
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ARTICLE V

MAINTENANCE OF QUALITY CONTROL

 

Section 5.1 Licensor’s Exercise of Quality Control.

 

(a) Licensee acknowledges the importance of Licensor’s exercise of quality control over the use of the Licensed Mark in order to preserve the continued integrity and validity of the Licensed Mark and to protect the value and goodwill associated with the Licensed Mark, and that, as between the Parties, Licensor has the sole right to exercise such control.

 

(b) During the Term, no Licensee nor any Affiliate or Sublicensee thereof shall use the Licensed Mark in any manner which is reasonably likely to, or does tarnish, dilute, disparage, or reflect negatively on Licensor, its Affiliates or the Licensed Mark.

 

Section 5.2 Notices. Each Licensee and Affiliate shall include trademark and other notices in connection with the use of the Licensed Marks as reasonably required by Licensor from time to time. Each Licensee, for itself on behalf of its Affiliates, acknowledges that, upon any expiration or termination of this Agreement, no monetary value shall be attributable to any goodwill associated with the use of the Licensed Mark by Licensee or its Affiliates.

 

Section 5.3 Adverse Use; Enforcement. Each Party shall promptly notify the other Parties of any and all infringement of or other misuse of the Licensed Mark which comes to the attention of such Party. Licensor shall have the sole right, but not the obligation, to commence, prosecute or institute any action, legal or administrative, or proceeding against any Person alleging infringement, imitation, or unauthorized use of the Licensed Mark. Each Licensee will cooperate, and cause its Affiliates to cooperate, with Licensor in taking all appropriate measures necessary for the protection of the Licensed Mark at Licensor’s cost and expense; provided that if the need to protect such Licensed Mark is a result of the actions of a Licensee, its Affiliates or Sublicensees, such measures shall be taken at such Licensee’s cost and expense.

 

Section 5.4 Registration; Maintenance. Licensor may maintain or abandon any registration for the Licensed Mark it may obtain in any jurisdiction in its sole discretion.

 

Section 5.5 Audit. Licensor may request no more than once annually during the Term to audit any Licensee’s use of the Licensed Mark solely as necessary to determine such Licensee’s compliance with its quality control obligations under this Agreement.

 

 
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Section 5.6 Compliance with Quality Control and Usage Standards. If Licensor determines, in its reasonable discretion, that any Licensee’s or Affiliate’s use of the Licensed Mark does not comply with the applicable Trademark Usage Guidelines or the usage standards of this Agreement, Licensor may, in addition to its other rights and remedies hereunder, require such Licensee or Affiliate immediately to take all reasonable steps to remedy any such deficiencies promptly after such Licensee’s or Affiliate’s receipt of written notice thereof or to cease such non-complying uses.

 

Section 5.7 Specific Performance and Injunctive Relief. Each Licensee acknowledges and agrees that the use of the Licensed Mark outside of the scope of the license grant set forth in Article II or any other breach of this Agreement may cause irreparable harm to Licensor for which monetary damages would be an inadequate remedy and Licensor and its Affiliates may suffer irreparable harm due to delay if, as a condition to obtaining an injunction, restraining order or other equitable remedy with respect to such use or breach, Licensor were required to participate in mediation or arbitration proceedings with such Licensee or demonstrate that it would suffer irreparable harm. Accordingly, in the event of such use or breach, for the purpose of granting an injunction, restraining order or other equitable remedy, the Parties intend for the court to assume that such use or breach would cause Licensor irreparable harm. The obligations of Licensee under this Agreement shall be enforceable by a decree of specific performance issued by any court of competent jurisdiction, and appropriate injunctive relief may be applied for and granted in connection therewith. Such remedies shall, however, be cumulative and not exclusive and shall be in addition to any other remedies which Licensor may have under this Agreement or otherwise. Licensee agrees that Licensor shall not be required to post a bond in any such action.

 

ARTICLE VI

WARRANTY; DISCLAIMER

 

Section 6.1 Warranty; Disclaimer. Licensor represents and warrants to each Licensee and Affiliate thereof as of the Effective Date that it has the right to grant the license rights granted to Licensee under this Agreement. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION 6.1, THE RIGHTS AND LICENSES GRANTED TO LICENSEES AND THEIR AFFILIATES HEREUNDER ARE PROVIDED “AS IS”, AND LICENSOR HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL OTHER REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED (INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, VALIDITY, REGISTRABILITY, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT, AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES ARISING FROM COURSE OF DEALING OR COURSE OF PERFORMANCE).

 

Section 6.2 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. IN NO EVENT SHALL LICENSOR BE LIABLE HEREUNDER, WHETHER IN AN ACTION IN NEGLIGENCE, CONTRACT OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE AND STRICT LIABILITY) OR OTHERWISE, FOR ANY PUNITIVE, INCIDENTAL, EXEMPLARY, CONSEQUENTIAL OR SPECIAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF THE LICENSEE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

 

 
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ARTICLE VII

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

 

Section 7.1. For the purposes hereof, "Confidential Information" of Licensor means all non-public information of Licensor (including any trade secrets licensed by Licensor under Section 2.1) disclosed to, or in the possession of, any Licensee or any Affiliate thereof (the "Receiving Party"), whether disclosed orally, verbally, visually, electronically, in tangible form or otherwise, and regardless of whether marked, denoted or otherwise indicated as "business sensitive," "proprietary," "private" or words of similar import.

 

Section 7.2. In maintaining the confidentiality of Confidential Information of Licensor, each Receiving Party shall exercise the same degree of care that it exercises with its own Confidential Information, but in no event less than a reasonable degree of care. Without limiting any of the foregoing, no Receiving Party shall disclose or give access to any such Confidential Information to any third party other than authorized sublicensees to which sublicenses are authorized to be granted hereunder, without the prior written consent of Licensor. Each Receiving Party shall restrict access to such Confidential Information to those of its personnel having a strict need for access thereto, and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that each of its personnel and sublicensees holds in confidence the Confidential Information of Licensor in accordance with the terms and conditions hereof. Each Receiving Party shall, and shall cause its personnel to, make no use, directly or indirectly, of any Confidential Information of Licensor for any purpose other than as authorized hereunder. No Receiving Party shall copy or reproduce the Confidential Information or any portion thereof, or remove any tangible copies of the Confidential Information or any portion thereof from the Receiving Party's facilities, except as reasonably required in connection with exercising the rights licensed hereunder or as expressly permitted by Licensor.

 

Section 7.3. The confidentiality obligations contained in Article VII shall not apply to any information that contemporaneous written records of a Receiving Party demonstrate (a) that such Receiving Party independently developed such information prior to the Effective Date without any use of or reference to the Confidential Information of Licensor or (b) is or becomes part of the public domain through no fault of such Receiving Party, it being understood that if only a portion of any such information is or becomes part of the public domain (including by way of issued patents or published patent applications), the confidentiality obligations of the Receiving Party with respect to the rest of the Confidential Information shall remain intact without modification.

 

 
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Section 7.4. The obligation of confidentiality and non-disclosure contained in this Agreement shall not apply to the extent that a Receiving Party is required to disclose any Confidential Information of Licensor by a valid subpoena, order or regulation of a governmental agency or a court of competent jurisdiction having jurisdiction over such Receiving Party; provided, however, that such Receiving Party shall not intentionally make any such disclosure without (a) first notifying Licensor and allowing Licensor a reasonable opportunity to prevent or limit such disclosure (either by challenging or quashing any such subpoena, order or regulation or obtaining injunctive relief from, or a protective order with respect to, the obligation to make such disclosure), and (b) reasonably cooperating, at Licensor's expense, with Licensor's efforts to prevent or limit such disclosure.

 

Section 7.5. Each Receiving Party acknowledges and confirms that the Confidential Information of Licensor constitutes proprietary information and trade secrets valuable to Licensor, and that the unauthorized use, loss or outside disclosure of such Confidential Information shall cause irreparable injury to Licensor. Each Receiving Party shall notify Licensor immediately upon discovery of any unauthorized use or disclosure of such Confidential Information, and will cooperate with Licensor in every reasonable way to help regain possession of such Confidential Information and to prevent its further unauthorized use.

 

ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS

 

Section 8.1 Amendment and Modification. This Agreement may not be amended, modified or supplemented in any manner, whether by course of conduct or otherwise, except by an instrument in writing specifically designated as an amendment hereto, signed on behalf of each Party.

 

Section 8.2 Waiver. No failure or delay of any Party in exercising any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such right or power, or any course of conduct, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. Any agreement on the part of any Party to any such waiver shall be valid only if set forth in a written instrument executed and delivered by a duly authorized officer on behalf of such Party.

 

Section 8.3 Notices. Any notice, communications, demand or instruction required or permitted hereunder shall be deemed sufficiently given only if in writing and delivered personally, by email, pdf or other electronic transmission provided the recipient acknowledges receipt, or by reputable overnight courier, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, in an envelope addressed to the Parties as follows:

 

 

If to Licensor: 

aShareX, Inc.

 

 

Attention: Alan Snyder, CEO

 

 

10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150

 

 

Los Angeles, CA 90024

 

 

 

 

If to any Licensee:

aShareX Holdings, LLC

 

 

Attention: Eric Arinsburg, CFO

 

 

10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150

 

 

Los Angeles, CA 90024

 

 
9
 

 

Section 8.4 Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement, and supersede all prior written agreements, arrangements, communications and understandings and all prior and contemporaneous oral agreements, arrangements, communications and understandings, between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof. This Agreement shall not be deemed to contain or imply any restriction, covenant, representation, warranty, agreement or undertaking of any Party with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby other than those expressly set forth herein or therein or in any document required to be delivered hereunder or thereunder, and none shall be deemed to exist or be inferred with respect to the subject matter hereof.

 

Section 8.5 Parties in Interest. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each Party hereto and its Affiliates, and except as expressly set forth herein nothing in this Agreement is intended to or shall confer upon any Person other than the Parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement.

 

Section 8.6 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, excluding any conflicts of law rules that may require application of the law of any other state or country.

 

Section 8.7 Assignment; Successors. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations under this Agreement may be assigned or delegated, in whole or in part, by operation of law or otherwise, by any Licensee without the prior written consent of Licensor, and any such assignment without such prior written consent shall be null and void. Subject to the foregoing, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the Parties and their respective successors and assigns, and on the successors and assigns of any Licensed Mark and any registration or application that is the subject of a license granted under this Agreement.

 

Section 8.8 Severability. Whenever possible, each provision or portion of any provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision or portion of any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any Law or rule in any jurisdiction, so long as the economic and legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby are not affected in any manner materially adverse to any Party, such holding or action shall be strictly construed and shall not affect the validity or effect of any other provision hereof, as long as the remaining provisions, taken together, are sufficient to carry out the overall intentions of the Parties as evidenced hereby.

 

Section 8.9 Waiver of Jury Trial. EACH OF THE PARTIES TO THIS AGREEMENT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

 

Section 8.10 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same instrument and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the Parties and delivered to the other Party.

 

Section 8.11 Facsimile or .pdf Signature. This Agreement may be executed by facsimile or .pdf signature, and a facsimile or .pdf signature shall constitute an original for all purposes.

 

 
10
 

 

N WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed and delivered this Agreement as of the Effective Date.

 

  LICENSOR:

 

 

 

 

ASHAREX, INC.

 

       
By:

 

 

 
  Name:  
       

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LICENSEES:

 

 

 

 

 

ASHAREX MANAGEMENT, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ASHAREX HOLDINGS, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, LLC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title:

 

 

 

 

 

 

ASHAREX FINE ART, SPC

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Title: 

 

 

 

 
11

 

 

  EXHIBIT 6.3

 

 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

EXHIBIT 8.1

 

 

ESCROW AGREEMENT

 

This Escrow Agreement (this “Agreement”), effective as of the effective date set forth on the signature page hereto (“Effective Date”), is entered into by the following:

 

 

(i)

the issuer set forth on the signature page hereto (“Issuer”); and

 

(ii)

the broker-dealer for Issuer’s offering set forth on the signature page hereto (“Manager”); and

 

(iii)

North Capital Private Securities Corporation, a Delaware corporation, as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) below as escrow agent (“NCPS”).

 

For purposes of this Agreement: (a) the above parties other than and excluding NCPS are referred to herein as “Issuer Party”; (b) references to “Issuer Party” in this Agreement shall include references to each Issuer Party individually, together and collectively, jointly and severally; and (c) Issuer Party, collectively with NCPS, are referred to herein as the “Parties” and each, a “Party”.

 

The following Exhibits are incorporated by reference into this Agreement:

 

Exhibit A – Contingent Offering (if applicable)

Exhibit B – Fees and Expenses

 

Recitals

 

A.

NCPS is a broker-dealer registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”).

 

 

B.

Issuer Party is engaging NCPS to serve as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) below as escrow agent in connection with Issuer’s sale of debt, equity or hybrid securities (“Securities”) in an offering exempt from registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), pursuant to Rule 506(b) of Regulation D, 506(c) of Regulation D, Regulation A or Regulation Crowdfunding, as indicated on the signature page hereto (“Offering”).

 

 

C.

In accordance with the private placement memorandum, offering memorandum, Form 1-A or Form C applicable to the Offering provided by Issuer Party for dissemination to investors in connection with the Offering (“Offering Document”), subscribers to the Securities (“Subscribers”) will be required to submit full payment for their respective investments at the time they enter into subscription agreements.

 

 

D.

In accordance with the Offering Document, all payments by Subscribers subscribing for Securities shall be sent directly to NCPS as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) below as escrow agent, and NCPS by this Agreement agrees to accept, hold and promptly disburse or transmit such funds deposited with it with respect thereto (“Escrow Funds”) in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and in compliance with Rule 15c2-4 of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), and in the case of an Offering pursuant to Regulation Crowdfunding, Regulation Crowdfunding Rule 303(e), as applicable, and related SEC guidance and FINRA rules.

 

 

E.

If the Offering is being made by Issuer on an “all-or-none” basis or on any other basis that contemplates payments to be made to Issuer only upon the occurrence of some further event or contingency as set forth in Exhibit A, as applicable, NCPS will promptly deposit any and all Escrow Funds NCPS receives into a separate bank escrow account as set forth in Section 1(d) below, for the persons or entities with a beneficial interest therein, until the appropriate event or contingency has occurred, at which time the Escrow Funds will be promptly transmitted to Issuer, else promptly returned to the persons or entities entitled thereto pursuant to Section 3 and 4 below.

 

 

F.

NCPS will be a participant in the Offering for the limited purpose of facilitating escrow described in this Agreement, and if required by an Offering pursuant to Regulation Crowdfunding, NCPS will be the “qualified third party”, as defined in Regulation Crowdfunding Rule 303(e)(2). NCPS accepts no other role and assumes no other responsibilities related to the Offering, such as managing broker-dealer, placement agent, selling group member or referring broker-dealer, unless and until the roles and responsibilities are expressly delineated in a separately executed placement, managing broker, selling or referral agreement, as the case may be, if any.

 

 
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In consideration of the mutual representations, warranties and covenants contained in this Agreement, the Parties, intending to incorporate the foregoing Recitals into this Agreement and to be legally bound, agree as follows:

 

Agreement

 

1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall have the meanings as set forth below:

 

 

(a)

ACH” means Automated Clearing House.

 

 

 

 

(b)

Business Day” means a calendar day other than Saturday, Sunday or any public holiday when banks are closed for business in Delaware, Pennsylvania or Utah.

 

 

 

 

(c)

Cash Investment” means an amount in US Dollars equal to (i) the number of Securities to be purchased by a Subscriber, multiplied by (ii) the offering price per Security as set forth in the Offering Document.

 

 

 

 

(d)

Cash Investment Instrument” means, in full payment of the Cash Investment for the Securities to be purchased by a Subscriber, a check, money order or similar instrument made payable by Subscriber to the order of or endorsed to the order of:

 

NCPS/____________________________/________________ - Escrow Account

                        (Offering Name*)        (Subscriber Name**)

 

or wire transfer or ACH transmitted by Subscriber to the following account (“Escrow

Account”):

 

Account Name: North Capital Private Securities Corporation

For Further Credit To: ________________________

     (Offering Name*)

_______________________

(Subscriber Name**)

 

 

 

or, if applicable to the Offering, funds transmission by credit or debit card or ACH through and subject to the terms and conditions of NCPS’s payment processing facilitation services.

 

 

 

 

 

*Offering Name as set forth on the signature page hereto.

**Subscriber Name as completed by Subscriber.

 

 

 

 

(e)

Expiration Date” means 12 months from the Effective Date, unless mutually extended by the Parties in writing (which may be via email).

 

 

 

 

(f)

Instruction Letter” means written instructions in a form acceptable to NCPS and executed by Issuer Party with Issuer Party directing NCPS to promptly disburse the Escrow Funds to Issuer pursuant to Section 4(a).

 

 

 

 

(g)

Minimum Offering” has the meaning as set forth on the signature page hereto.

 

 

 

 

(h)

Minimum Offering Notice” means, if applicable to an Offering, a written notification in a form acceptable to NCPS and signed by Issuer Party with Issuer Party representing to NCPS that: (i) subscriptions for at least the Minimum Offering have been received by Issuer; (ii) to the best of Issuer Party’s knowledge after due inquiry and review of Issuer Party’s records, Cash Investment Instruments in full payment for that number of Securities equal to or greater than the Minimum Offering have been received, deposited with and collected by NCPS; (iii) such subscriptions have not been withdrawn, rejected or otherwise terminated; and (iv) Subscribers have no statutory or regulatory rights of rescission without cause or all such rights have expired.

    

 
2
 

 

 

(i)

NACHA” means National Automated Clearing House Association.

 

 

 

 

(j)

Subscription Accounting” means an accounting of all subscriptions for Securities received and accepted by Issuer Party as of the date of such accounting, indicating for each subscription Subscriber’s name and address, the number and total purchase price of subscribed Securities, the date of receipt by Issuer of the Cash Investment Instrument and notations of any nonpayment of the Cash Investment Instrument submitted with such subscription, any withdrawal of such subscription by Subscriber, any rejection of such subscription by Issuer Party or other termination, for whatever reason, of such subscription.

 

2. Appointment of Facilitator of Escrow. Issuer Party hereby appoints NCPS to serve as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) as escrow agent, and NCPS hereby accepts such appointment, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Issuer Party shall take all necessary steps to assure that all funds necessary to consummate the Transaction are deposited into the Escrow Account. Issuer Party shall not receive interest on the Escrow Funds and the Escrow Account shall be a non-interest bearing account as to Issuer Party.

 

3. Deposits into Escrow Account.

 

(a) Issuer Party shall direct Subscribers to, and Subscribers shall, directly deliver to NCPS all Cash Investment Instruments for deposit in the Escrow Account. Each such direction shall be accompanied by a Subscription Accounting.

 

ALL FUNDS DEPOSITED INTO THE ESCROW ACCOUNT PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION 3 SHALL REMAIN THE PROPERTY OF EACH SUBSCRIBER ACCORDING TO SUCH SUBSCRIBER’S INTEREST AND SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO ANY LIEN OR CHARGE BY NCPS OR BY JUDGMENT OR CREDITORS’ CLAIMS AGAINST ISSUER PARTY UNTIL ELIGIBLE TO BE RELEASED TO ISSUER IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 4(a). ISSUER PARTY SHALL NOT RECEIVE CASH INVESTMENT INSTRUMENTS DIRECTLY FROM SUBSCRIBERS.

 

(b) Issuer Party understands and agrees that all Cash Investment Instruments received by NCPS pursuant to this Agreement are subject to collection requirements of presentment, clearing and final payment, and that the funds represented thereby cannot be drawn upon or disbursed until such time as final payment has been made and is no longer subject to dishonor. NCPS shall process each Cash Investment Instrument for collection promptly upon receipt, and the proceeds thereof shall be held as part of the Escrow Funds until disbursed in accordance with Section 4. If, upon presentment for payment, any Cash Investment Instrument is dishonored, NCPS’s sole obligation shall be to notify Issuer Party of such dishonor and, if applicable, to promptly return such Cash Investment Instrument to Subscriber. Notwithstanding, if for any reason any Cash Investment Instrument is uncollectible after payment or disbursement of the funds represented thereby has been made by NCPS, Issuer Party shall immediately reimburse NCPS upon receipt from NCPS of written notice thereof, including, without limitation, any fees or expenses with respect thereto, which NCPS may collect from Issuer Party pursuant to Section 10.

 

(c) Upon receipt of any Cash Investment Instrument that represents payment of an amount less than or greater than the Cash Investment, NCPS’s sole obligation shall be to notify Issuer Party, depending upon the source of the of the Cash Investment Instrument, of such fact and to pay to Subscriber by the same method the amount of the Cash Investment received by NCPS from such Subscriber or promptly return to Subscriber such Subscriber’s Cash Investment Instrument upon receipt from Subscriber of any required payment instructions; provided that amounts in excess of $25,000 will be returned via wire transfer upon confirmation by NCPS of Subscriber’s account information.

 

(d) NCPS shall not be obligated to accept, or present for payment, any Cash Investment Instrument that is not properly made payable or endorsed as set forth in Section 1(d).

 

(e) Issuer Party shall, or cause Subscriber to, provide NCPS with information sufficient to effect such return to Subscriber as outlined in this Section 3, including, without limitation, updated payment information in the event a return to Subscriber for any reason cannot be made by the same method as received by NCPS.

 

(f) In the event any party other than NCPS receives a Cash Investment Instrument, Issuer Party agrees to promptly, and in no event later than one Business Day after receipt, deliver or cause to be delivered such Cash Investment Instrument to NCPS for deposit into the Escrow Account.

 

 
3
 

 

4. Disbursement of Escrow Funds.

 

(a) Subject to Section 3(b) and Section 10, NCPS shall promptly disburse in accordance with the Instruction Letter the liquidated value of the Escrow Funds from the Escrow Account to Issuer by wire transfer no later than one Business Day following receipt of the following documents:

 

 

(i)

Minimum Offering Notice;

 

 

 

 

(ii)

Subscription Accounting substantiating the fulfillment of the Minimum Offering;

 

 

 

 

(iii)

Instruction Letter; and

 

 

 

 

(iv)

such other certificates, notices or other documents as NCPS may reasonably require;

 

provided that NCPS shall not be obligated to disburse the liquidated value of the Escrow Funds to Issuer if NCPS has reason to believe that (A) Cash Investment Instruments in full payment for that number of Securities equal to or greater than the Minimum Offering have not been received, deposited with and collected by NCPS, or (B) any of the information or the certifications, representations, warranties or opinions set forth in the Minimum Offering Notice, Subscription Accounting, Instruction Letter or other certificates, notices or other documents are incorrect or incomplete. After the initial disbursement of Escrow Funds to Issuer pursuant to this Section 4(a), NCPS shall promptly disburse any additional funds received with respect to the Securities to Issuer by wire transfer no later than one Business Day after NCPS receives from or on behalf of Issuer (1) Issuer’s request for closing via NCPS’s online portal and (2) Issuer’s written verification that the subscriptions therefor are in good order.

 

Any ACH transaction must comply with all applicable laws, rules, regulations, codes and orders of applicable governmental, regulatory, judicial and law enforcement authorities and self-regulatory authorities (collectively, “Law”), including, without limitation, NACHA’s operating rules that apply to the ACH network as in effect from time to time. NCPS is not responsible for errors in the completion, accuracy or timeliness of any transfer properly initiated by NCPS in accordance with joint written instructions occasioned by the acts or omissions of any third party financial institution or a party to the transaction, or the insufficiency or lack of availability of funds on deposit in any account.

 

(b) No later than three Business Days after receipt from Subscriber of any required payment instructions and receipt by NCPS of written notice: (i) from Issuer Party that Issuer Party intends to reject a Subscriber’s subscription; (ii) from Issuer Party that there will be no closing of the sale of Securities to Subscribers; (iii) from any federal or state regulatory authority that any application by Issuer to conduct a banking business has been denied; or (iv) from the SEC or any other federal or state regulatory authority that a stop or similar order has been issued with respect to the Offering Document and has remained in effect for at least 20 days, NCPS shall pay to such Subscriber in (ii) and each Subscriber in (ii)-(iv) by the same method the amount of the Cash Investment received by NCPS from such Subscriber or promptly return to Subscriber such Subscriber’s Cash Investment Instrument; provided that amounts in excess of $25,000 will be returned via wire transfer upon confirmation by NCPS of Subscriber’s account information.

 

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if NCPS shall not have received an Instruction Letter on or before the Expiration Date or the Termination Date (as defined below), subject to Section 5, NCPS shall, within three Business Days after such Expiration Date or Termination Date and receipt from Subscriber of any required payment instructions, and without any further instruction or direction from Issuer Party, pay to each Subscriber by the same method the amount of the Cash Investment received by NCPS from such Subscriber or promptly return to Subscriber such Subscriber’s Cash Investment Instrument; provided that amounts in excess of $25,000 will be returned via wire transfer upon confirmation by NCPS of Subscriber’s account information.

 

(d) Issuer Party shall, or cause Subscriber to, provide NCPS with information sufficient to effect such payment or return to Subscriber as outlined in this Section 4, including, without limitation, updated payment information in the event a payment or return to Subscriber for any reason cannot be made by the same method as received by NCPS.

 

 
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5. Suspension of Performance or Disbursement Into Court. If, at any time, (a) there shall exist any dispute between Issuer Party, NCPS, any Subscriber or any other person with respect to the holding or disposition of all or any portion of the Escrow Funds or any other obligations of NCPS hereunder, or (b) NCPS is unable to determine, to NCPS’s reasonable satisfaction, the proper disposition of all or any portion of the Escrow Funds or NCPS’s proper actions with respect to its obligations hereunder, or (c) Issuer Party has not within 30 days of NCPS’s notice of resignation pursuant to Section 7 appointed a successor provider of escrow services or agent to act hereunder, then NCPS may, in its reasonable discretion, take either or both of the following actions: (i) suspend the performance of any of its obligations (including, without limitation, any disbursement obligations) under this Agreement until such dispute or uncertainty shall be resolved to the sole satisfaction of NCPS or until a successor provider of escrow services or agent shall have been appointed (as the case may be); or (ii) petition (by means of an interpleader action or any other appropriate method) any court of competent jurisdiction in any venue convenient to NCPS, for instructions with respect to such dispute or uncertainty, and to the extent required or permitted by Law, pay into such court all funds held by it in the Escrow Funds for holding and disposition in accordance with the instructions of such court. NCPS shall have no liability to Issuer Party, any Subscriber or any other person with respect to any such suspension of performance or disbursement into court, specifically including any liability or claimed liability that may arise, or be alleged to have arisen, out of or as a result of any delay in the disbursement of the Escrow Funds or any delay in or with respect to any other action required or requested of NCPS.

 

6. No Commingling, Investment of Funds or Interest to Issuer Party. NCPS shall not: (a) commingle Escrow Funds received by it in escrow with funds of others that are not Escrow Funds, including funds received by NCPS in escrow in connection with any other offering of debt, equity or hybrid securities; or (b) invest such Escrow Funds. The Escrow Funds will be held in the Escrow Account, which shall not accrue interest in favor of Issuer Party or any Subscriber.

 

7. Resignation of NCPS. NCPS may resign and be discharged from the performance of its duties hereunder at any time by giving 30 days prior written notice to Issuer Party specifying a date when such resignation shall take effect. Upon any such notice of resignation, or upon any termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 17, Issuer Party shall appoint a successor provider of escrow services or agent hereunder prior to the effective date of such resignation or termination. NCPS shall transmit all records pertaining to the Escrow Funds and shall pay all Escrow Funds to the successor provider of escrow services or agent, after making copies of such records as NCPS deems advisable. After NCPS’s resignation or the termination of this Agreement, as applicable, and the fulfillment of NCPS’s obligations with respect thereto, the provisions of this Agreement shall inure to its benefit as to any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was the facilitator of escrow under this Agreement.

 

8. Role of NCPS as Facilitator of Escrow.

 

(a) NCPS’s sole responsibility as a participant in the Offering under this Agreement is as the facilitator of escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) as escrow agent to facilitate the safekeeping with, and disbursement by, the escrow agent of the Escrow Funds, in accordance with the terms hereto. NCPS shall have no implied duties or obligations and shall not be charged with knowledge or notice of any fact or circumstance not specifically set forth herein. NCPS may rely upon any notice, instruction, request or other instrument, not only as to its due execution, validity and effectiveness, but also as to the truth and accuracy of any information contained therein, which NCPS shall believe to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the person or parties purporting to sign the same. NCPS shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith except to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction determines by final unappealed or non-appealable order pursuant to Section 20(a) that NCPS’s fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence was the primary cause of any Losses (as defined below) to Issuer Party (“Ineligible Losses”).

 

(b) NCPS shall not be obligated to take any legal action or commence any proceeding in connection with the Escrow Funds, any account in which Escrow Funds are deposited, this Agreement or the Offering Document, or to appear in, prosecute or defend any such legal action or proceeding.

 

(c) NCPS shall have no liability under and no duty to inquire as to the provisions of any agreement other than this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Offering Document. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, NCPS shall not be responsible for or required to enforce any of the terms or conditions of any subscription agreement with any Subscriber or any other agreement between Issuer Party or any Subscriber. NCPS shall not be responsible or liable in any manner for the performance by Issuer or any Subscriber of their respective obligations under any subscription agreement nor shall NCPS be responsible or liable in any manner for the failure of Issuer Party or any third party (including any Subscriber) to honor any of the provisions of this Agreement.

 

 
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(d) NCPS is authorized, in its sole discretion, to comply with orders issued or process entered by any court with respect to the Escrow Funds, without determination by NCPS of such court’s jurisdiction in the matter. If any portion of the Escrow Funds is at any time attached, garnished or levied upon under any court order, or in case the payment, assignment, transfer, conveyance or delivery of any such property shall be stayed or enjoined by any court order, or in case any order, judgment or decree shall be made or entered by any court affecting such property or any part thereof, then and in any such event, NCPS is authorized, in its reasonable discretion, to rely upon and comply with any such order, writ, judgment or decree which it is advised by legal counsel selected by it is binding upon it without the need for appeal or other action; and if NCPS complies with any such order, writ, judgment or decree, it shall not be liable to any of the parties hereto or to any other person or entity by reason of such compliance even though such order, writ, judgment or decree may be subsequently reversed, modified, annulled, set aside or vacated. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent legally permissible, NCPS shall provide Issuer Party with prompt notice of any such court order or similar demand and the opportunity to interpose an objection or obtain a protective order.

 

(e) NCPS may consult legal counsel selected by it in the event of any dispute or question as to the construction of any of the provisions hereof or of any other agreement or of its duties hereunder, or relating to any dispute involving any party hereto, and shall incur no liability and shall be fully indemnified from any liability whatsoever in acting in accordance with the opinion or instruction of such counsel. Issuer Party shall promptly pay, upon demand, the fees and expenses of any such counsel.

 

(f) By this Agreement, Subscribers are not customers of NCPS and NCPS shall have no obligation to determine a Subscriber’s suitability to participate in the Offering, whether the Offering complies with Law, verify a Subscriber’s identity or perform anti-money laundering, know your customer or other due diligence, such responsibilities being obligations of Issuer Party or Issuer Party’s agents. Notwithstanding, NCPS may ask Issuer Party to provide, and Issuer Party shall provide promptly upon NCPS’s request, certain information about Subscribers, including, but not limited to, name, physical address, tax identification number, organizational documents, certificates of good standing, financial statements, licenses to do business and other information that will help NCPS to identify and verify a Subscriber’s identity. Any further participation by NCPS in the Offering (if any) other than to facilitate escrow as set forth in this Agreement shall be governed by separate agreement.

 

(g) NCPS makes no representation, warranty or covenant as to the compliance of any transaction related to the escrow with any Law. NCPS shall not be responsible for the application or use of any funds released from the Escrow Account pursuant to this Agreement.

 

9. Indemnification of NCPS.

 

(a) Issuer Party (including Issuer Party’s affiliates, collectively, the “Indemnifying Party”) agrees (and agrees to cause the other Indemnifying Parties) jointly and severally and at their own cost and expense to release, indemnify, defend and hold harmless NCPS and its affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, advisors and consultants, and their respective successors and assigns (each, an “NCPS Parties”), to the fullest extent permitted by Law, from and against (and no NCPS Party shall be liable for) any Losses, joint or several, in connection with all actions (including equity owner actions), claims, disputes, inquiries, indemnification, proceedings, investigations and other legal process regardless of the source (collectively, “Actions”) arising out of or relating to the offering of securities, this Agreement, the provision of NCPS’s services hereunder or the engagement of NCPS hereunder (including, without limitation, any breach or alleged breach of this Agreement or any representation, warranty or covenant herein, any breach or alleged breach of Law or any rejection of a Cash Investment, or the suspension of performance or disbursement into court pursuant to Section 5), and will reimburse NCPS Parties for all expenses (including attorneys’ fees) as they are incurred by NCPS Parties in connection with investigating, preparing, defending or appearing as a third party witness in connection with any such Action whether or not related to a pending or threatened Action in which NCPS is a party. Notwithstanding, Issuer Party will not be responsible for any Ineligible Losses, and NCPS agrees to immediately refund any indemnification payments made to an NCPS Party upon such determination. “Losses” means any and all losses, damages, liabilities, deficiencies, claims, actions, judgments, settlements, interest, awards, penalties, fines, costs or expenses of whatever kind, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees, the costs of enforcing any right hereunder, the costs of pursuing any insurance providers, the costs of collection and the costs of defending against or appearing as a witness, whether direct, indirect, consequential or otherwise. Indemnifying Parties shall pay to NCPS Parties all amounts due under this Section 9 promptly after written demand therefor.

 

 
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(b) Promptly after the receipt by any NCPS Party of notice of the commencement of any Action, NCPS shall, if a claim with respect thereto is or may be made against the Indemnifying Party, give the Indemnifying Party written notice of the commencement of such Action. The failure to give such notice shall not relieve any Indemnifying Party of any of its indemnification obligations, except where, and solely to the extent that, such failure actually and materially prejudices the rights of such Indemnifying Party. With respect to any Action in which a NCPS Party may be entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, the Indemnifying Party may by written notice to NCPS request to assume the defense of any such Action with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the NCPS Party. If NCPS agrees to the assumption by the Indemnifying Party of the defense of any such Action, the NCPS Party shall have the right to participate in such Action and to retain its own counsel, but the Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any fees or expenses of other counsel subsequently incurred by such NCPS Party in connection with the defense thereof unless: (i) the Indemnifying Party has agreed to pay such fees and expenses; (ii) the Indemnifying Party shall have failed to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to the NCPS Party in a timely manner; or (iii) the NCPS Party shall have been advised by counsel that there are actual or potential conflicting interests between the Indemnifying Party and the NCPS Party, including situations in which there are one or more legal defenses available to the NCPS Party that are different from or additional to those available to the Indemnifying Party. No Indemnifying Party shall settle any Action on behalf of a NCPS Party without the prior written consent of such NCPS Party.

 

(c) In the event NCPS performs any service not specifically provided hereinabove, or that there is any assignment or attachment of any interest in the subject matter of this escrow or any modification thereof, or that any controversy arises hereunder, or that NCPS is made a party to, or intervenes in, any dispute pertaining to this escrow or the subject matter hereof, NCPS shall be reasonably compensated therefor and reimbursed for all costs and expenses occasioned thereby; and Issuer Party hereto agree jointly and severally to pay the same and to jointly and severally and at their own cost and expense release, indemnify, defend and hold harmless the NCPS Parties pursuant to subsection (a) above, it being understood and agreed that NCPS may interplead the subject matter of this escrow into any court of competent jurisdiction, and the act of such interpleader shall immediately relieve NCPS of any duties, liabilities or responsibilities.

 

(d) For the sole purpose of enforcing and otherwise giving effect to the provisions of this Section 9, Issuer Party hereby consents to personal jurisdiction and service and venue in any court in which any claim that is subject to this Agreement is brought against any NCPS Party.

 

(e) If an Action is commenced or threatened and is ultimately settled, Issuer Party shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause NCPS and the other NCPS Parties, by name or description, to be included in any release or settlement agreement, whether or not NCPS and the other NCPS Parties are named as defendants in such Action.

 

10. Compensation to NCPS.

 

(a) Issuer Party shall pay or cause to be paid to NCPS for its services as the facilitator of escrow as outlined in Exhibit B, which may be updated from time to time by NCPS by providing written notice to Issuer Party. Issuer Party’s obligation to pay such fees to NCPS and reimburse NCPS for such expenses is not conditioned upon a successful closing. Upon Issuer Party’s request, NCPS will provide Issuer Party with copies of all relevant invoices, receipts or other evidence of such expenses. The obligations of Issuer Party under this Section 10 shall survive any termination of this Agreement and the resignation or removal of NCPS.

 

(b) All of the compensation and reimbursement obligations shall be payable by Issuer Party upon demand by NCPS and will be charged automatically by NCPS to the credit card or other payment method indicated on the signature page to this Agreement or as separately provided or as otherwise agreed by the Parties. Issuer Party consents to NCPS retaining and using Issuer Party’s payment information for future invoices and as provided in this Agreement. Issuer Party agrees and acknowledges that NCPS and its third party vendors may retain and use Issuer Party’s payment information to facilitate the payments provided for in this Agreement. Issuer Party agrees to provide NCPS written notice (which may be via email) of any update or changes to Issuer Party’s payment information. Absent current payment information, Issuer Party shall make, or cause to be made, all payments to NCPS within 10 days of receiving an invoice therefor. All payments made to NCPS shall be in US dollars in immediately available funds.

 

 
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(c) If Issuer Party fails to make any payment when due then, in addition to all other remedies that may be available: (a) NCPS may charge interest on the past due amount at the rate of 1.5% per month, calculated daily and compounded monthly, or if lower, the highest rate permitted under Law, which Issuer Party shall pay; such interest may accrue after as well as before any judgment relating to collection of the amount due; and (b) Issuer Party shall reimburse, or cause to be reimbursed, NCPS for all costs incurred by NCPS in collecting any late payments or interest, including attorneys’ fees, court costs and collection agency fees; provided that cumulative late payments are subject to the overall limits as may be required by Law as set forth in Exhibit B.

 

(d) Only upon the fulfillment of the Minimum Offering, and only when Escrowed Funds are eligible to be released to Issuer in accordance with Section 4(a), and otherwise in compliance with Law, NCPS is authorized to and may disburse from time to time, to itself or to any NCPS Party from the Escrow Funds (but only to the extent of Issuer’s rights thereto), the amount of any compensation and reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses due and payable hereunder (including any amount to which NCPS or any NCPS Party is entitled to seek indemnification pursuant to Section 9 hereof). NCPS shall notify Issuer Party of any disbursement from the Escrow Funds to itself or to any NCPS Party in respect of any compensation or reimbursement hereunder and shall furnish to Issuer copies of all related invoices and other statements.

 

(e) Only upon the fulfillment of the Minimum Offering, and only when Escrowed Funds are eligible to be released to Issuer in accordance with Section 4(a), and otherwise in compliance with Law, Issuer shall grant to NCPS and the NCPS Parties a security interest in and lien upon such Escrow Funds (but only to the extent of Issuer’s rights thereto) to secure all obligations hereunder, and NCPS and the NCPS Parties shall have the right to offset the amount of any compensation or reimbursement due any of them hereunder (including any claim for indemnification pursuant to Section 9 hereof) against the Escrow Funds (but only to the extent of Issuer’s rights thereto). If for any reason the Escrow Funds available to NCPS and the NCPS Parties pursuant to such security interest or right of offset are insufficient to cover such compensation and reimbursement, Issuer Party shall promptly pay such amounts to NCPS and the NCPS Parties upon receipt of an itemized invoice.

 

11. Representations and Warranties.

 

(a) Issuer Party jointly and severally represents, warrants and covenants to NCPS as of the Effective Date and at all times during the Term, including, without limitation, at the time of any deposit to or disbursement from the Escrow Funds:

 

(i) Issuer Party is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the state where it was formed. Issuer Party has all requisite power and authority to own those properties and conduct those businesses presently owned or conducted by it. Issuer Party is duly qualified and properly licensed and registered to do business and is in good standing in all jurisdictions in which its ownership of property or the character of its business requires such qualification, licensure or registration, except where the failure to so qualify would not have a material adverse effect on Issuer Party or Issuer Party’s business.

 

(ii) Manager is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC and a member of FINRA and SIPC. Manager has implemented, and complies with, a written know-your-customer (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) compliance program reasonably designed to comply with the applicable requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act and Bank Secrecy Act and the implementing regulations promulgated thereunder, including policies that could be reasonably expected to detect and cause the reporting of suspicious transactions (“Requirements”). Manager maintains in its files documentation supporting these representations and warranties as required by the Requirements, and shall make such information available to NCPS upon reasonable request.

 

 
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(iii) Issuer Party has full power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly executed by Issuer Party and constitutes the legal, valid, binding, and enforceable obligation of Issuer Party, enforceable against Issuer Party in accordance with its terms. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement does not and will not: (A) conflict with or violate any of the terms of any organizational or governance document, stakeholder agreement, any court order or administrative ruling or decree to which it is a party or any of its property is subject, any agreement, contract, indenture, or other binding arrangement to which it is a party or any of its property is subject or any Law; or (B) conflict with, or result in a breach or termination of any of the terms of, or result in the acceleration of any indebtedness or obligations under, any agreement, obligation or instrument by which Issuer Party is bound or to which any property of Issuer Party is subject, or constitute a default thereunder. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement is consistent with and accurately described in the Offering Document as set forth in Section 4(b) and Section 4(c) and has been properly described therein.

 

(iv) Issuer Party acknowledges that the status of NCPS is that of agent only for the limited purposes set forth herein to facilitate escrow as set forth herein through the institution in Section 1(d) as escrow agent, and if required by an Offering pursuant to Regulation Crowdfunding, NCPS will be the “qualified third party”, as defined in Regulation Crowdfunding Rule 303(e)(2), and hereby represents and covenants that no representation or implication shall be made that NCPS has investigated the desirability or advisability of investment in the Securities or has approved, endorsed or passed upon the merits of the investment therein and that the name of NCPS has not and shall not be used in any manner in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities other than to state that NCPS has agreed to serve as the facilitator of escrow for the limited purposes set forth herein. Issuer Party shall comply with all Law in connection with the offering of the Securities. By this Agreement, NCPS accepts no other role and assumes no other responsibilities related to the Offering, including, without limitation, managing broker-dealer, placement agent, selling group member or referring broker-dealer.

 

(v) Issuer Party has the obligation to, and shall, determine a Subscriber’s suitability to participate in the Offering, make sure the Offering complies with Law and the Offering Document, verify a Subscriber’s identity and perform anti-money laundering, know your customer and any other due diligence in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Offering. The Offering and any offer or sale in the Offering complies with or is exempt from all applicable registrations or qualification requirements, including, without limitation, those of the SEC or state securities regulatory authorities.

 

(vi) No person or entity other than the Parties and the prospective Subscribers have, or shall have, any lien, claim or security interest in the Escrow Funds or any part thereof. No financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code is on file in any jurisdiction claiming a security interest in or describing (whether specifically or generally) the Escrow Funds or any part thereof.

 

(vii) Any deposit with NCPS by Subscriber and/or Issuer Party of Cash Investment Instruments pursuant to Section 3 shall be deemed a representation and warranty by Issuer Party that such Cash Investment Instrument represents a bona fide sale to such Subscriber of the amount of Securities set forth therein in accordance with the terms of the Offering Document.

 

(viii) In the event Issuer is a Series LLC and/or a series of a Series LLC, Issuer Party shall allocate and/or cause to be allocated any disbursement of Escrow Funds under this Agreement to the appropriate series, and perform any reporting and sub-accounting, all as required by and in compliance with Law and the Offering Document.

 

(ix) To the extent Issuer Party will be sharing personal or financial information of a third party with NCPS in connection with this Agreement, Issuer Party shall maintain and obtain the agreement of each such third party, which shall permit the sharing of such third party’s information with NCPS and its affiliates and service providers for NCPS and its affiliates and service providers to use, disclose and retain it in connection with this Agreement and the provision of the services hereunder and as required by Law. NCPS shall be a third party beneficiary to such agreement.

 

(x) Issuer Party’s representations, warranties and covenants are continuing and deemed to be reaffirmed each time Issuer Party provides NCPS with any instructions in connection with the Escrow Account. Issuer Party shall immediately notify NCPS if any representation, warranty or covenant ceases to be true, correct, accurate and complete.

 

 
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(xi) Issuer Party shall provide NCPS with immediate notice of any Action (as defined above), threatened Action or facts or circumstances that could lead to any Action involving any NCPS Party, the escrow agent or this Agreement.

 

(b) NCPS represents, warrants and covenants to Issuer Party as of the Effective Date and at all times during the Term, including, without limitation, at the time of any deposit to or disbursement from the Escrow Funds:

 

(i) NCPS is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. NCPS is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC and a member of FINRA and SIPC.

 

(ii) NCPS has full power and authority to enter into and perform this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly executed by NCPS and constitutes the legal, valid, binding, and enforceable obligation of NCPS, enforceable against NCPS in accordance with its terms.

 

(iii) NCPS’s representations, warranties and covenants are continuing and deemed to be reaffirmed each time Issuer Party provides NCPS with any instructions in connection with the Escrow Account. NCPS shall promptly notify Issuer Party if any representation, warranty or covenant ceases to be true, correct, accurate and complete.

 

12. Disclaimer of Advice. Issuer Party is NCPS’s sole customer pursuant to this Agreement. By this Agreement, NCPS is not undertaking to provide any recommendations or advice to any party, including any Subscriber who may be a retail investor, in connection with any offering of securities, NCPS’s engagement hereunder or its provision of the services contemplated by this Agreement (including, without limitation, business, investment, solicitation, legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice). Issuer Party understands that it will be solely responsible for ensuring that any offering and any sale of securities complies with all Law. Issuer Party acknowledges and agrees that it will rely on its own judgment in using NCPS’s services.

 

13. Survival. Notwithstanding the expiration or termination of this Agreement or the resignation or removal of NCPS as the facilitator of escrow, the Parties shall continue to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement that reasonably require some action or forbearance (or are required to implement such action or forbearance) after such expiration or termination, including, but not limited to, those related to fees and expenses, indemnities, limitations of and exclusions to NCPS’s liability, warranties, choice of law, jurisdiction and dispute resolution and such provisions shall remain operative and in full force and effect and shall survive any disbursement of Escrow Funds and the expiration or termination of this Agreement. Except as the context otherwise requires, all representations, warranties and covenants of Issuer Party contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to be representations, warranties and covenants during the Term, and such representations, warranties and covenants shall remain operative and in full force and effect and shall survive the sale of, and payment for, the securities and the expiration or termination of this Agreement to the extent required for the enforcement thereof.

 

14. Assignment. Except as provided in Section 17, no Party shall assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights, or delegate or otherwise transfer any of its obligations or performance, under this Agreement, in each case whether voluntarily, involuntarily, by operation of law or contract or otherwise, without each other Party’s prior written consent; provided NCPS may assign or otherwise transfer its rights, or delegate or otherwise transfer its obligations or performance, under this Agreement pursuant to Section 7 or to an affiliated provider of escrow services or agent without any other Party’s consent. Any purported assignment, delegation or transfer in violation of this Section 14 is void. Subject to this Section 14, this Agreement is binding upon and inures to the benefit of the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns irrespective of any change with regard to the name of or the personnel of any Party.

 

15. Entirety. This Agreement incorporates by reference NCPS’s and its affiliates’ data privacy policies and website terms of use, as posted on NCPS’s and its affiliates’ website from time to time, with which Issuer Party shall, and shall cause issuers to, comply. This Agreement (including all exhibits, all schedules and NCPS’s and its affiliates’ data privacy policies and website terms of use) constitutes the sole and entire agreement between the Parties with respect to the acceptance, collection, holding, investment and disbursement of the Escrow Funds and sets forth in their entirety the obligations and duties of NCPS with respect to the Escrow Funds and supersedes and merges all prior and contemporaneous proposals, understandings, agreements, representations and warranties, both written and oral, between the Parties relating to such subject matter.

 

 
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16. Amendment; Waiver. Except as set forth in Section 7, Section 14 and Section 22, no amendment to or modification of this Agreement will be effective unless it is in writing and signed by an authorized representative of each Party. No waiver by any Party of any of the provisions hereof shall be effective unless explicitly set forth in writing and signed by the Party so waiving. No failure to exercise, or delay in exercising, any rights, remedy, power or privilege arising from this Agreement shall operate or be construed as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege.

 

17. Term and Termination.

 

(a) The term of this Agreement commences as of the Effective Date and, unless terminated earlier pursuant to any of this Agreement’s express provisions, will continue in effect until the first to occur of the final closing of the Offering and/or the disbursement of all amounts in the Escrow Funds or deposit of all amounts in the Escrow Funds into court pursuant to Section 5 or Section 8 hereof (“Term”), at which time this Agreement shall terminate and NCPS shall have no further obligation or liability whatsoever with respect to the Escrow Funds.

 

(b) Notwithstanding, NCPS may terminate this Agreement for cause immediately without notice to Issuer Party upon: (i) fraud, malfeasance or willful misconduct by Issuer Party or any of their affiliates; (ii) conduct by Issuer Party or any of their affiliates that may jeopardize NCPS’s current business, prospective business or professional reputation; (iii) any material breach by Issuer Party of this Agreement if such breach is not cured within 10 days of receipt of written notice thereof (to the extent it can be cured), including, but not limited to, any failure to pay any amount under this Agreement when due; or (iv) if Issuer Party ceases regular operations or files any petition or commences any case or proceeding under any provision or chapter of the Federal Bankruptcy Act, the Federal Bankruptcy Code, or any other federal or state law relating to insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization; the adjudication that Issuer Party is insolvent or bankrupt or the entry of an order for relief under the Federal Bankruptcy Code with respect to Issuer; an assignment for the benefit of creditors; the convening by Issuer Party of a meeting of its creditors, or any class thereof, for purposes of effecting a moratorium upon or extension or composition of its debts; or the failure of Issuer Party generally to pay its debts on a timely basis (“Bankruptcy Event”). Notwithstanding, Issuer Party may terminate this Agreement: (i) for cause immediately with notice to NCPS upon: (A) NCPS’s fraud, willful misconduct or gross negligence; (B) any material breach by NCPS of this Agreement if such breach is not cured within 10 days of receipt of written notice thereof (to the extent it can be cured); or (C) upon a Bankruptcy Event of NCPS; or (ii) with 30 days’ prior written notice to NCPS in the event of any increase in the amount of fees or expenses pursuant to Section 10(a) and Exhibit B such increase is not either applicable to NCPS’s escrow services customers generally or reasonably related to the specific services being provided to Issuer Party. Any Party may terminate this Agreement for any other or no reason with 90 days’ prior written notice to each other Party.

 

(c) No termination or expiration of this Agreement shall affect the ongoing obligations of Issuer Party to make payments to NCPS in accordance with the terms hereunder and such obligations shall survive. Issuer Party shall pay or shall cause to be paid all previously-accrued but not yet paid fees on receipt of NCPS’s invoice therefor or as otherwise set forth in Exhibit B, Section 9 or Section 10. In addition, Issuer Party shall remove any and all references to NCPS from any Offering Document, cease use of NCPS intellectual property and no longer refer to NCPS in connection with the Offering.

 

18. Dealings. NCPS and any stockholder, director, officer or employee of NCPS may buy, sell and deal in any of the securities of Issuer Party and become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in which Issuer Party may be interested, and contract and lend money to Issuer and otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not the facilitator of escrow under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude NCPS from acting in any other capacity for Issuer Party or any other entity.

 

19. Compliance with Law; Further Assurances. The Parties expressly agree that, to the extent that the existing law relating to this Agreement changes, and such change affects this Agreement, they will reform the affected portion of this Agreement to comply with the change. Each Party agrees to perform such further acts and execute such further documents as are necessary to effectuate the purposes of this Agreement.

 

 
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20. Choice of Law, Jurisdiction and Dispute Resolution.

 

(a) This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to its choice of law, conflict of laws or “borrowing”, statutes, rules, principles and precedent. The Parties irrevocably consent to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in the State of New York, County of New York.

 

(b) Each Party acknowledges and agrees that a breach or threatened breach by a Party of any of its obligations under this Agreement may cause any other Party irreparable harm for which monetary damages may not be an adequate remedy and agrees that, in the event of such breach or threatened breach, any other Party will be entitled to seek equitable relief, including a restraining order, an injunction, specific performance and any other relief that may be available from any court, without any requirement to post a bond or other security, or to prove actual damages or that monetary damages are not an adequate remedy. Such remedies and any other remedies set forth in this Agreement are not exclusive and are cumulative in addition to all other remedies that may be available at law, in equity or otherwise.

 

(c) TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, EXCEPT FOR INELIGIBLE LOSSES, THE COLLECTIVE AGGREGATE LIABILITY OF THE NCPS PARTIES UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ITS SUBJECT MATTER, TO ISSUER PARTY, ANY OTHER PARTY OR THIRD PARTY, UNDER ANY LEGAL OR EQUITABLE THEORY, WHETHER ARISING OUT OF TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), BREACH OF CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, INDEMNIFICATION, BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY, BREACH OF WARRANTY, RESTITUTION OR OTHERWISE, WHETHER BROUGHT DIRECTLY OR AS A THIRD PARTY CLAIM, SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE LESSER OF (A) $1,000 OR (B) THE AMOUNT OF FEES PAID BY ISSUER PARTY TO AND RECEIVED BY NCPS DURING THE SIX MONTHS PRECEDING THE DATE OF THE EVENT GIVING RISE TO THE ACCRUAL OF THE ACTION.

 

(d) Each party irrevocably and unconditionally waives any right it may have to a trial by jury in respect of any ACTION arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. To the full extent permitted by law, no legal proceeding shall be joined with any other or decided on a class-action basis.

 

(e) Subject to Section 20(c), in any Action, by which one Party either seeks to enforce this Agreement or seeks a declaration of any rights or obligations under this Agreement, the non-prevailing Party will pay the prevailing Party’s costs and expenses, including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees.

 

(f) None of the NCPS Parties shall be liable to any Issuer Party or to anyone else for any special, exemplary, indirect, incidental, consequential or punitive damages of any kind or for any costs of procurement of substitution of services or any lost profits, lost business, trading losses, loss of use of data or interruption of business or services arising out of this Agreement, including, without limitation, any breach of this Agreement or any services performed, regardless of the basis of liability.

 

(g) All rights and remedies of any Party in this Agreement will be in addition to all other rights and remedies available at law or in equity.

 

21. Notices; Consent to Electronic Communications. All notices, requests, consents, claims, demands, waivers and other communications under this Agreement (“notices”) have binding legal effect only if in writing and addressed to a Party as set forth on the signature page hereto (or to such other address that such Party may designate from time to time in accordance with this Section 21). Notices sent in accordance with this Section 21 will be deemed effectively given: (a) when received, if delivered by hand, with signed confirmation of receipt; (b) when received, if sent by a nationally recognized overnight courier, signature required; (c) on the third day after the date mailed by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid; or (d) upon receipt by recipient’s email system, if sent by email.

 

22. Severability. If any provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement or invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. Upon such determination that any provision is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the Parties shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the Parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement be consummated as originally contemplated to the greatest extent possible.

 

 
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23. Relationship of the Parties. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as creating any agency, partnership, joint venture or other form of joint enterprise, employment or fiduciary relationship between the Parties, and no Party shall have authority to contract for or bind any other Party in any manner whatsoever.

 

24. No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as otherwise set forth in Section 9, this Agreement is for the sole benefit of the Parties and, subject to Section 14, their respective successors and assigns. Nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other person or entity any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement. NCPS Parties shall be third party beneficiaries as set forth in Section 9.

 

25. Interpretation; Headings and References. The Parties intend this Agreement to be construed without regard to any presumption or rule requiring construction or interpretation against the Party drafting an instrument or causing any instrument to be drafted. Further, the headings used in this Agreement and the references throughout to the policies and documents constituting this Agreement are for convenience only and are not intended to be used as an aid to interpretation. All such references are subject to the full text of such policies and documents.

 

26. Gender; Number. Words used herein, regardless of the number and gender specifically used, shall be deemed and construed to include any other number, singular or plural, and any other gender, masculine, feminine or neuter, as the context indicates is appropriate. If one or more persons or entities constitute “Issuer Party”, as defined in the introductory paragraph, references to “Issuer Party” in this Agreement shall include references to each Issuer Party individually, together and collectively, jointly and severally.

 

27. Intellectual Property; Confidential Information. All trademarks, service marks, patents, copyrights, trade secrets, confidential information, and other proprietary rights of each Party shall remain the exclusive property of such Party, whether or not specifically recognized or perfected under Law. No Party shall use, disclose or retain confidential information (including personally identifiable information or other account information) of any other Party or any third parties that such Party or its affiliates or their employees, directors, officers, consultants, independent contractors, advisors and auditors may receive or otherwise have access to in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement except as contemplated by this Agreement or the performance hereof. Each Party may retain copies of and disclose any data or information collected from or on behalf of any other Party as required in connection with legal, financial or regulatory filings, audits, discussions or examinations or as required by Law.

 

28. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which is deemed an original, but all of which together are deemed to be one and the same agreement. Upon execution and delivery of a counterpart to this Agreement by the Parties, each Party shall be bound by this Agreement. A signed copy of this Agreement by facsimile, email or other means of electronic transmission or signature is deemed to have the same legal effect as delivery of an original signed copy of this Agreement.

 

29. Anti-Money Laundering.

 

(a) Issuer Party acknowledges that NCPS is subject to U.S. federal Law, including the CIP requirements under the USA PATRIOT Act and its implementing regulations, pursuant to which NCPS must obtain, verify and record information that allows NCPS to identify customers of NCPS opening accounts. Accordingly, NCPS will ask Issuer Party to provide, and Issuer Party shall provide upon NCPS’s request, certain information, including, but not limited to, name, physical address, tax identification number, organizational documents, certificates of good standing, financial statements, licenses to do business and other information that will help NCPS to identify and verify a person’s identity.

 

(b) The Parties agree to comply with all applicable anti-money laundering Law and government guidance, including the reporting, recordkeeping and compliance requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by the International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2002, Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act, its implementing regulations, and related SEC, state regulatory organizations and FINRA rules. Each Party shall comply with all other anti-money laundering Law outside of the U.S. applicable to such Party or such Party’s activities under this Agreement. NCPS is entitled to rely on Issuer Party’s CIP, anti-money laundering program and OFAC Sanctions Compliance Program, and upon NCPS’s request, Issuer Party shall provide customary certifications with respect thereto.

 

 
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30. Privacy.

 

(a) Each Party agrees any non-public personal information (as defined in Regulation S-P of the SEC) disclosed to it in connection with this Agreement is being disclosed for the specific purpose of permitting such Party to perform such Party’s obligations and the services set forth in this Agreement. Each Party agrees that, with respect to such information, it will comply with all applicable U.S. privacy Law (including, without limitation, as applicable to the Party, Regulation S-P of the SEC and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (15 U.S.C § 6081 et seq.)) and it will not disclose any non-public personal information received in connection with this Agreement to any other party (except to the other Party), except to the extent required to carry out this Agreement or as otherwise permitted or required by Law. Each Party shall comply with all other privacy Law outside of the U.S. applicable to such Party or such Party’s activities in connection with this Agreement.

 

(b) In relation to each Party’s performance of this Agreement, each Party shall, as applicable to such Party: (a) comply with all applicable requirements of Data Privacy Law (as defined below), when collecting, using, retaining or disclosing personal information; (b) limit personal information collection, use, retention and disclosure to activities reasonably necessary and proportionate to the performance of this Agreement or other compatible operational purpose; (c) only collect, use, retain or disclose personal information collected in connection with this Agreement; (d) not collect, use, retain, disclose, sell or otherwise make personal information available for such Party’s own commercial purposes or in a way that does not comply with Data Privacy Law; (e) promptly comply with another Party’s request or instruction requiring such Party to provide, amend, transfer or delete the personal information, or to stop, mitigate, or remedy any unauthorized processing; (f) reasonably cooperate and assist another Party in meeting any compliance obligations and responding to related inquiries, including responding to verifiable consumer requests, taking into account the nature of such Party’s processing and the information available to such Party; and (g) notify each other Party immediately if it receives any complaint, notice or communication that directly or indirectly relates to any Party’s compliance in connection with this Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, “Data Privacy Law” means applicable local, state, national and international laws, rules, regulations and orders of any governmental, judicial, regulatory or enforcement authority or self-regulatory organization regarding consumer data privacy rights.

 

31. Citations. Any reference to Law are current citations. Any changes in the citations (whether or not there are any changes in the text of such Law) shall be automatically incorporated into this Agreement.

 

[Signatures appear on following page(s).]

 

 
14
 

 

In witness whereof, the Parties have duly executed this Agreement effective as of the Effective Date.

 

Effective Date:

 

 

 

 

 

Offering Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Minimum Offering:

 (including offline investments and in kind contributions and similar creditable amounts)

 

 

 

Total Offering Amount:

 

 

 

Offering Exemption:

☐ Rule 506(b) of Regulation D    

☐  Rule 506(c) of Regulation D  

  ☐ Regulation A

 

☐ Regulation Crowdfunding

 

 

 

ISSUER (If a Series LLC, include both the Series and the Series LLC):

 

Entity Name:

 

 

Entity Name:

 

 

Jurisdiction:

 

 

Jurisdiction:

 

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

(Signature)

 

(Signature)

 

Name:

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

 

Title:

 

 

Date:

 

 

Date:

 

 

Email:

 

 

Email:

 

 

With a copy to:

 

 

With a copy to:

 

 

Address:

 

 

Address:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MANAGER:

 

 

NCPS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Entity Name:

 

 

North Capital Private Securities Corporation

 

Jurisdiction:

 

 

Jurisdiction:

Delaware

 

By:

 

 

By:

 

 

 

(Signature)

 

(Signature)

 

Name:

 

 

Name:

 

 

Title:

 

 

Title:

 

 

Date:

 

 

Date:

 

 

Email:

 

 

Email:

jdowd@northcapital.com

 

Address:

 

 

With a copy to:

lharkness@northcapital.com

 

 

 

 

 

dwatson@northcapital.com

 

 

 

 

 

escrow-ops@northcapital.com

 

 

 

 

Address:

623 E. Fort Union Boulevard, Suite 101

Midvale, Utah 84047

 

 

Issuer Party Payment Information:

☐ Use payment information currently on file with NCPS; or

Complete the payment information below:

 

Credit Card

 

 

ACH/Wire Information

 

 

Name on Card:

 

 

Bank Name:

 

 

Credit Card Number:

 

 

Account Holder Name:

 

 

Expiration Date (MM/YY):

 

 

Routing Number:

 

 

Billing Address:

 

 

Account Number:

 

 

 

 

 

Account Type (Checking/Savings):

 

 

 

 

 

Billing Contact Person

 

 

 

 

 

Name:

 

 

 

 

 

Email:

 

 

 

 

 

Telephone Number:

 

 

  

 
15
 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

CONTINGENT OFFERING

 

If the Offering is a contingent offering as this term is referenced under Rule 15c2-4 of the Exchange Act (“Rule”), the distribution is being made with the express understanding that Escrow Funds are not to be released to Issuer until some further event or contingency occurs, as described in this Exhibit A, in accordance with the Rule.

 

Investor funds will be promptly deposited in a separate bank escrow account, with NCPS serving as agent for the persons who have the beneficial interests therein, until the appropriate event or contingency has occurred.

 

Upon certification that all contingencies have been met, the Escrow Funds will be promptly distributed to Issuer. If the contingencies fail to be satisfied as required by the Offering, the Escrow Funds will be returned to the persons or entities entitled thereto.

 

The following contingencies apply to the Offering (please check all that apply):

 

 

None.

 

 

 

 

Issuer KYC, AML, and Bad Actor Check screening are complete for Issuer and all Control Persons of Issuer.

 

 

 

 

Certain listed events will have occurred prior to closing (please specify):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other contingencies (please describe):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     

 

 
16
 

 

EXHIBIT B

 

FEES AND EXPENSES

 

 

 

Escrow Administration Fee:*

$575 set-up and administration for 12 months (or partial period);

$250 for each additional 12 months (or partial period)

 

Issuer Routable Account Number:

$150 per month

 

Out-of-Pocket Expenses:**

Billed at cost

 

Check Handling:

$10.00 per check (incoming/outgoing)

 

Transactional Costs:***

$100.00 for each additional escrow break

$150.00 for each escrow amendment

$100.00 for reprocessing a closing

 

Wire Handling:

$25.00 per domestic wire (incoming/outgoing)

$45.00 per international wire (incoming/outgoing)

 

ACH Disbursements:

0.15% on the amount transferred

 

ACH Dispute/Chargeback:

$50.00 per reversal/chargeback

 

ACH Failure Return Fee:

$1.50 per failure/return

 

Plaid Bank Verification Fee:****

$1.80 per linked account

 

Credit Card Transaction Fees Percentage Rate:****

3.15% on the amount transferred

 

Credit Card Transaction Fees Base Rate:****

$0.70 per each transaction

 

Credit Card Dispute/Chargeback Fee:****

$50.00 per reversal/chargeback

 

Bad Actor Checks:*****

$100.00 per covered person

 

 

Issuer Party shall pay NCPS the Escrow Administration Fee upon execution of this Agreement. In the event the escrow is not funded, the Fee and all related expenses, including attorneys’ fees, remain due and payable, and once paid, will not be refunded. Annual fees cover a full year in advance, or any part thereof, and thus are not pro-rated in the year of termination.

 

Escrow Parties shall pay such fees immediately upon NCPS’s demand, or at NCPS’s option, NCPS may deduct such fees from any disbursement of Escrow Funds from the Escrow Account as provided in Section 10(d).

 

The fees quoted in this schedule apply to services ordinarily rendered in the administration of an Escrow Account and are subject to reasonable adjustment based on final review of documents, or when NCPS is called upon to undertake unusual duties or responsibilities, or as changes in law, procedures, or the cost of doing business demand. Services in addition to and not contemplated in this Agreement, including, but not limited to, document amendments and revisions, non-standard cash and/or investment transactions, calculations, notices and reports and legal fees, will be billed as extraordinary expenses and capped at $15,000 (except as provided by Section 9).

 

Extraordinary fees are payable to NCPS for duties or responsibilities not expected to be incurred at the outset of the transaction, not routine or customary, and not incurred in the ordinary course of business. Payment of extraordinary fees is appropriate where particular inquiries, events or developments are unexpected, even if the possibility of such things could have been identified at the inception of the transaction.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, the above fees relate to the establishment of one escrow account. Additional sub-accounts governed by the same Escrow Agreement may incur an additional charge. Transaction costs include charges for wire transfers, checks, internal transfers and securities transactions.

 

NCPS may increase the amounts set forth in this Exhibit B by providing written notice to Issuer Party such increase to be effective as of such notice, and the fees will be deemed amended accordingly without further notice or consent; provided that Issuer Party may terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 17.

 

NCPS may submit any payment information provided to it by an Issuer Party in connection with this Agreement against any fees due from such Issuer Party. Each Issuer Party consents to NCPS retaining and using such payment information for future invoices and as provided in this Agreement. All payments shall be in US dollars in immediately available funds.

 

*Escrow Administration Fee includes KYC and AML due diligence for up to three entities for a single escrow account. If the escrow account under review has more than two control entities associated with the issuing entity, a $25 fee will be assessed for each additional entity review.

 

**Out-Of-Pocket Expenses include any custom features or additional work that the North Capital team may need to perform. These fees are uncommon and will be disclosed in such cases prior to invoicing.

 

***Reprocessing fees apply if a closing is submitted but not ready to be processed (including, but not limited to, Flow of Funds not complete or funds not settled in escrow).

 

****If applicable to the Offering and subject to the terms and conditions for NCPS’s payment processing facilitation services.

 

*****Covered persons include, but are not limited to, the issuer, directors, general partners, managing members, executive officers, 20% beneficial owners, and promoters connected to the issuer. A complete list of covered persons can be found at https://www.sec.gov/info/smallbus/secg/bad-actor-small-entity-compliance-guide#part2.   

 

******The fees payable under this Agreement, plus the other relevant fees, attributable to any public offering (including any interest thereon), shall be capped at an aggregate amount not to exceed as permitted by applicable FINRA rules.

 

ALL FEES AND EXPENSES PAID TO NCPS ARE NON-REFUNDABLE ABSENT ERROR OR MISTAKE.

 

 

 
17

 

  EXHIBIT 12.1

 

[FORM OPINION – TO BE ISSUED BY AMENDMENT]

 

805 SW Broadway

Suite 1500

Portland, OR 97205

503.226.1191

Phone

503.226.0079 Fax

 

 

__________ __, 2023

503.226.8636 Direct

apear@buchalter.com

    

aShareX Fine Art, LLC

10990 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1150

Los Angeles, California 90024

 

 

Re:

aShareX Fine Art, LLC Offering Statement on Form 1-A

 

Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We have acted as securities counsel to aShareX Fine Art, LLC (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation and filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission of a Regulation A Offering Statement on Form 1-A (the “Offering Statement”) relating to the offer by the Company of Class A Limited Liability Company Membership Interests (the “Class A Shares”) in each of the applicable series of the Company (each, a “Series”) as set forth on Schedule 1 hereto (each, an “Offering”)

 

This opinion letter is being delivered in accordance with the requirements of Item 17(12) of Form 1-A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

In connection with rendering this opinion, we have examined the originals, or certified, conformed or reproduction copies, of all such records, agreements, instruments and documents as we have deemed relevant or necessary as the basis for the opinion hereinafter expressed. In all such examinations, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures on original or certified copies and the conformity to original or certified copies of all copies submitted to us as conformed or reproduction copies. As to various questions of fact relevant to this opinion, we have relied upon, and assumed the accuracy of, certificates and oral or written statements and other information of or from public officials, officers or representatives of the Company, and others.

 

Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the Class A Shares being sold pursuant to the Offering Statement have been authorized by all necessary series limited liability company actions of the Company and, when issued in the manner described in the Offering Statement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

 

 

 
 

 

 

aShareX Fine Art, LLC

__________ __, 2023

 

Page 2

 

No opinion is being rendered hereby with respect to the truth and accuracy, or completeness of the Offering Statement or any portion thereof.  We express no opinion with regard to the applicability or effect of the law of any jurisdiction other than the internal laws of the State of Delaware, as in effect of the date of this letter.  

  

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Offering Statement and to the reference to our firm under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Offering Statement. In giving this consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 
 

 

SCHEDULE 1

 

Series Name

 

Offering Price per Interest

 

 

Maximum Offering Size

 

 

Maximum Membership Interests

 

aShareX Fine Art Series 10

 

$

 

 

$